Team:TU-Delft

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<h3home>Snifferomyces</h3home><br/><br/>
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<font size="2" face="sans-serif"><p>Snifferomyces is a modular system, used in the detection of volatile compounds. It has in the membrane a <b>G-protein–coupled receptor</b> that can bind to a <b>specific signal</b>, once bound it then <b>switches on a signaling machinery</b> which <b>transmits</b> this <b>information</b> over the plasma membrane and through the cell to <b>produce a Quantitative response</b> in the form of <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part2"><b>fluorescence</b></a>. Using the Snifferomyces, our <b>aim</b> is to develop a <b>universal olfactory system</b> which <b>allows scientists</b> to <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#A3"><b>introduce olfactory</a> receptors in yeast with minimal effort.</b></p>
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<p><a href="2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#P10"><b>G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs)</b></a> are one of the most important classes of proteins in living organisms that allows <b>transmission of a wide variety of signals</b> over the cell membrane, between cells and over long distances in the human body, thus acting as both the <b>gatekeepers</b> and <b>molecular messengers</b> of the cell. The importance of these receptors is emphasized by the <b>Nobel prize</b> awarded in 2004 for the discoveries of <b>"odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"</b> and in 2012 for <b>"studies of G-protein–coupled receptors".</b></p>
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<p>We wanted to <b>use</b> the <b>Snifferomyces</b> to <b>address</b> a real life challenge affecting several lives. <b>Lack of diagnostic capacity</b> has been a crucial barrier preventing an effective response to the challenges of <b>Tuberculosis</b> in low- and middle-income countries where, standard TB <b>diagnostic tools</b> that need to be used in a <b>lab setting</b> pose <b>major barriers</b> for screening due to the costs and time involved in the process. We aim to <b>address this problem</b> by constructing a <b>diagnosis system</b> for the presence of <b>tuberculosis bacteria</b> in the lungs via <b>sensing</b> of a chemical compound <b>methyl nicotinate.</b></p>
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<strong style="font-size:120%;">Snifferomyces:Yeast with a sense of smell</strong>
 
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<p><b>G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs)</b> form a remarkable <b>modular system</b> that allows <b>transmission of a wide variety of signals</b> over the cell membrane, between cells and over long distances in the human body. The GPCRs <b>mediate a flow of information</b> that tells the inside of cells about the conditions on their outside, which includes signals from <b>neurotransmitters</b> (such as adrenaline and dopamine), <b>hormones</b> (such as follicle stimulating hormone, which helps control ovulation), and even <b>light</b> in our eyes and <b>smell</b> molecules in our noses, thus acting as both the <b>gatekeepers</b> and <b>molecular messengers</b> of the cell.</p>
 
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<p>There are around <b>800 known human GPCRs</b>, of which about <b>half</b> are the <b>olfactory receptors</b> that allow us to distinguish thousands of different aromas. This basic molecular mechanism of <b>olfactory receptor activation is conserved evolutionarily from yeast to humans</b>.Drawing inspiration from the <b>sniffer rats</b> which can be trained to sniff out <b>unexploded landmines</b> and <b>tuberculosis</b>, as part of this year’s iGEM competition we are aiming to use this molecular mechanism to develop a <b>universal olfactory system</b> for the purpose of <b>characterization of volatile compounds</b>, by  introducing olfactory <b>receptor gene fusions</b> into <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and <b>linking</b> these receptors to a <b>transcription response</b>.
 
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<center><p style="color:#2ab117; background-color:gold;" ><strong> Advanced to the World Championship Jamboree!! </strong></p></center>
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<h2><i>Snifferomyces</i>: A Tuberculosis Screening Automaton</h2>
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<p>The 2012 project of the TU Delft iGEM team, draws inspiration from the sniffer rats which can be trained to sniff out unexploded landmines and tuberculosis. Tuberculosis infects around 8 million people a year and kills approximately 2 million. Drugs to treat tuberculosis have been around for a long time, so a rapid diagnosis system can help curb the spread of the disease. This year our team takes the first steps to make for this problem a screening olfactory automation!</p>
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<ul><li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1"> Localization of receptor NR1 using FLAG </a></li>
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<ul><li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1"> Localization of a Niacin receptor into the membrane </a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#P7"> Activation of receptor NR1 by the ligand niacin </a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#P7"> Activation of the Niacin receptor by the ligand niacin </a></li>
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part2#A2"> Activation of the reporter by the native ligand alpha pheromone</a></li>
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part2#A2"> Activation of the reporter by the native ligand alpha pheromone</a></li>
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#P8"> Providing a platform to swap receptors, promoters and terminators more easy</a></li>
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#P8"> Providing a platform to swap receptors, promoters and terminators more easy</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Modeling/Diffusion">Device design for yeast olfactory detector</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Modeling/StructuralModeling#youtube">Prediction of a ligand-binding niche with the niacin receptor</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Snifferometer">Prototype version of a yeast olfactory detector device: The Sniffer-o-meter</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Modeling/SingleCellModel">Deterministic and stochastic simulations of pathway model</a></li>
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Modeling/SingleCellModel">Data fitting for deterministic pathway model</a></li>
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Modeling/SingleCellModel">Data fitting for deterministic pathway model</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Modeling/StructuralModeling#A1">Prediction of a ligand-binding niche within the human niacin receptor 1 with Molecular Dynamics simulations </a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/HumanOutreach">To get public awareness we presented our project to a large audience by participating in several events like Llowlab (~20.000 people!) and the Floriade.</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/HumanOutreach">To find stake holders and create awareness among our project, we presented our project to a very large audience by participating in several events like Llowlab on Lowlands and the Floriade.</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/HP">Case study on implementing the snifferometer as diagnostic tool for tuberculosis in developing countries</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/HP">Our main goal is to innovate a diagnostic tool for tuberculosis, one of the major health issues in the world</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Collaboration">We collaborated with teams to educate, innovate and share knowledge!</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/Collaboration">We have provided the iGEM Paris 2012 team two Biobricks. Together with the Amsterdam team we were able to organize a crash course on the area of synthetic biology and we were honored to attend the LIFE-symposium with the Cambrigde 2010-team.</a></li>
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<h2>Project Abstract</h2>
 
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<p>The aim of this year’s iGEM project will be the synthesis of <b>an olfactory device for the purpose of characterization of volatile compound</b>. Here, the aim is to introduce <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#A3">olfactory receptor gene fusions</a> into Saccharomyces cerevisiae and linking these receptors to a <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part2#A3">transcription response</a>. Aims:
 
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<li>The diagnostics of the presence of tuberculosis bacteria in the lungs by sensing chemical compound methyl nicotinate by S. cerevisiae. For diagnostics, the response to these molecules is light, generated by the Lux proteins (visible blue light) or <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part2">GFP (fluorescent green)</a>.</li>
 
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#A3">Introducing receptors</a> for sensing the presence of banana-smell (iso-amyl acetate). This is done to see whether communication between S. cerevisiae and E. coli is possible by this volatile intermediate.</li>
 
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<li>Supplying a toolkit which allows scientists to <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/part1#A3">introduce olfactory receptors</a> in yeast with minimal effort. Further we want to characterize the receptor parts submitted by the <a href="https://2009.igem.org/Team:HKU-HKBU">2009 Hongkong university</a>.</li>
 
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<h5>Yes! We are at the <em>National News</em>!!! You can read the article from <b>NRC Handelsblad</b> <a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/igem.org/c/c7/ZomerrepoNRC7aug.pdf">here</a>! <br/>
 
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But this is not enough. We really need your enhancement in order to succeed to our effort. Please help us improve our world! You can find more information in our <b><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:TU-Delft/crowdfunding">Crowdfunding Page</a></b></h5>
 
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<h6>You can also find us on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/TudelftIgem2012">facebook</a>! </h6>
 
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Latest revision as of 03:47, 27 October 2012

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Snifferomyces

Snifferomyces is a modular system, used in the detection of volatile compounds. It has in the membrane a G-protein–coupled receptor that can bind to a specific signal, once bound it then switches on a signaling machinery which transmits this information over the plasma membrane and through the cell to produce a Quantitative response in the form of fluorescence. Using the Snifferomyces, our aim is to develop a universal olfactory system which allows scientists to introduce olfactory receptors in yeast with minimal effort.

G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the most important classes of proteins in living organisms that allows transmission of a wide variety of signals over the cell membrane, between cells and over long distances in the human body, thus acting as both the gatekeepers and molecular messengers of the cell. The importance of these receptors is emphasized by the Nobel prize awarded in 2004 for the discoveries of "odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system" and in 2012 for "studies of G-protein–coupled receptors".

We wanted to use the Snifferomyces to address a real life challenge affecting several lives. Lack of diagnostic capacity has been a crucial barrier preventing an effective response to the challenges of Tuberculosis in low- and middle-income countries where, standard TB diagnostic tools that need to be used in a lab setting pose major barriers for screening due to the costs and time involved in the process. We aim to address this problem by constructing a diagnosis system for the presence of tuberculosis bacteria in the lungs via sensing of a chemical compound methyl nicotinate.


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