Team:University College London/Module 1

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Latest revision as of 18:16, 26 September 2012

Description

The Detection Module enables our bacteria to detect plastic and respond by upregulating adhesive fibrins for the aggregation of plastic fragments. Our Aggregation module requires the Detection module because our adhesive proteins (curli fibrins) exhibit non-specific binding, and require a separate module to ensure that curlis are produced only when plastic is present. Without linking curli production in some way to the presence of plastic, there would be erroneous binding (to non-plastics), which would reduce the efficiency of our system.

As there is no fully characterised gene or sequence for a plastic receptor, the direct detection of plastics is complicated, and hence an indirect system will be utilised. Our Detection system relies on detecting a particular subgroup of organic molecules that harbour the tendency to adhere to plastic surfaces. These molecules are called Organic Pollutants (OPs). As they adhere to the surface of plastic, they can be used as an indicator. Collision of our bacteria with a plastic fragment will bring it into contact with the adhered OPs, and trigger the apparatus for adhering to plastic.

The same property that binds OPs to plastic, hydrophobicity, also allows them to pass through the bacterial cell membrane. Within, our bacteria will be carrying a genetic circuit, which encodes genes for detecting and reacting to the presence of OPs. Detecting will be achieved by constitutively expressing the regulator NahR, which transcriptionally activates synthesis of the curli operon through the pSal inducible promoter.

In the absence of a receptor for plastic itself we have determined this to be the best possible way we have designed to detect plastic, and regulate the production of curlis.

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 == Description ==
+The '''Detection Module''' enables our bacteria to '''detect''' plastic and '''respond''' by upregulating '''adhesive fibrins''' for the aggregation of plastic fragments. Our Aggregation module requires the Detection module because our adhesive proteins (curli fibrins) exhibit <span class="footnote" title="Curlinonspec">non-specific binding</span>, and require a separate module to ensure that curlis are produced only when plastic is present. Without linking curli production in some way to the presence of plastic, there would be erroneous binding (to non-plastics), which would reduce the efficiency of our system.
+As there is no fully characterised gene or sequence for a plastic receptor, the direct detection of plastics is complicated, and hence an indirect system will be utilised. Our Detection system relies on detecting a particular subgroup of organic molecules that harbour the tendency to adhere to plastic surfaces. These molecules are called '''Organic Pollutants''' (OPs). As they adhere to the surface of plastic, they can be used as an indicator. Collision of our bacteria with a plastic fragment will bring it into contact with the adhered OPs, and trigger the apparatus for adhering to plastic.
-The Detection Module is a means of allowing our bacteria to detect if plastic is in the immediate vicinity. It is necessary to do this to regulate the production of our adhesive – Curli (Module 2). Curlis are non specific in the surfaces they bind. Without linking Curli production in some way to the presence of plastic, there would be erroneous binding (to non-plastics), which would reduce the efficiency of our system.
+The same property that binds OPs to plastic, '''hydrophobicity''', also allows them to pass through the bacterial cell membrane. Within, our bacteria will be carrying a genetic circuit, which encodes genes for detecting and reacting to the presence of OPs.  Detecting will be achieved by constitutively expressing the regulator '''NahR''', which transcriptionally activates synthesis of the curli operon through the '''pSal''' inducible promoter.
-As there is no fully characterised gene or sequence for a plastic receptor, we cannot transform our bacteria with a gene to detect plastic directly.
-However, it is possible to detect plastic indirectly. Our Detection system relies on detecting a particular subgroup of organic molecules that harbour the tendency to adhere to plastic surfaces. These molecules are called Persistant Organic Pollutants (POPs). As they adhere to the surface of plastic, they can be used as an indicator. Collision of our bacteria with a plastic fragment will bring it into contact with the adhered POPs, and trigger the apparatus for adhering to plastic.
-The same property that binds POPs to plastic – hydrophobicity – also allows them to pass through the bacterial cell membrane. Within, our bacteria will be carrying a genetic circuit, which encodes genes for detecting and reacting to the presence of POPs.  Detecting will be achieved by constitutively expressing the regulator NahR, transcriptionally activates synthesis of the curli operon through P(sal).
-In the absence of a receptor for plastic itself this is the best possible way we have designed to detect plastic, and regulate the production of Curli.
+In the absence of a receptor for plastic itself we have determined this to be the best possible way we have designed to detect plastic, and regulate the production of curlis.
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