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Bioreactor Construction
For our project, we made a custom illumination device to test different light conditions for LovTAP activation and for use with the melanopsin channel pathway.
Calculations
In Strickland's 2008 paper, it's mentioned that they used 8000 mcd LEDs from theledlight.com, with 20º viewing angle and 468 nm at 3.4 V. We bought the same sort of LED from ledstar.ch.
Strickland et al mention also that LovTAP saturates at 20 mW/cm², and our model agrees with it.
The viewing angle of our LEDs is 20º, what means a solid angle of 2 π (1 - cos(20)) = 0.378 steradians. According to the definition of candela (yes, I found it in Wikipedia), our 9 cd LEDs should be providing some 40 mW of radiant energy. In order to get 20 mW/cm², we need to spread them over 2 cm². We can then use a 24 well plate, with 1.86 cm² per well.
Now, at what distance from the plates should the LEDs be? If we take the plates with 1.86 cm² the well, or 1.54 cm in diameter, the distance from LED to well bottom should be around 4.4 cm for getting a 20º LED to cover the whole well. The height of the plates is 22 mm, so we can stack two of them: one with the cell cultures and a second one on top with the LEDs inserted in the lid, one per well.
Testing and Programming the Arduino
The first step was to get the Arduino microcontroller up and running, load some simple programs and test out a few circuits on a breadboard. You can find out more about the Arduino open-source electronics prototyping platform and download the Arduino development environment here.
Preparing the Components
We painted the frame holding the LEDs black to prevent light from one row leaking into another.
Soldering and Assembly
Here we are creating a permanent version of the circuit on a breadboard with some solder.
And now the Arduino is connected to the device.
Testing
The device works!
This is a video of our device lighting up some LEDs assigned by us with a simple program.
