Team:Westminster/Overview

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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Westminster" class="navlink">Home</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Westminster/Team" class="navlink">Team</a></li>
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<li class="submenu-button"><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Westminster/Protocols"class="navlink">Protocols</a></li>
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<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Westminster">
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/ae/Logo-white.png" alt="iSTEM - intelligent synthetic tumour eliminating machine" width="172" height="66" title="iSTEM - intelligent synthetic tumour eliminating machine" />
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<h1>Background</h>
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<p>Cancer recurrence is one of the fears that almost every patient undergoing chemotherapy develops. Recent findings suggest that only a small fraction of the tumor cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) are able to drive the growth of the tumor. CSC also show an increased drug resistance, and could remain unaffected after chemotherapy, eventually resulting in the formation of a new tumor.</p>
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<h2>The Cancer Stem Cell Theory</h2>
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<p>Many tumours contain a sub-population of self-renewing and expanding stem cells known as cancer stem cells whose symmetric division result in tumour growth. These cancer stem cells can be identified using molecular determinants or markers which have properties such as self-renewal, clonogenicity, multipotentiality, and longevity. Recent studies have increasingly implied the importance of Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme as a marker for cancer stem cells owing to their ability to detoxify potential cytotoxins, thus making them resistant to chemotherapy.  </p>
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<h2>Our Project</h2>
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<p>Cancer recurrence is one of the fears that almost every patient undergoing chemotherapy develops. Recent findings suggest that only a small fraction of the tumor cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) are able to drive the growth of the tumor. CSC also show an increased drug resistance, and could remain unaffected after chemotherapy, eventually resulting in the formation of a new tumor.</p>
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<p>Our iGEM project taps into the cancer stem cell theory. We have set out to synthesise a genetic construct that can identify, isolate and destroy cancer stem cells. Three different genetic constructs which serve different purposes are to be synthesised. A number of isoforms of ALDH exist, and three of the most common occurring form in cancer will be isolated. The isoforms selected are ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3 and ALDH3A1. These isoforms show increased activity in recurrent forms of cancer. We have also identified ALDH2, which will be used as the control isoform, as this form is involved in ethanol metabolism and it will be easily induced by the addition of ethanol. </p>
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<div class="centered"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4d/Westminster_team.png" /></div>
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<p>The second part of our project was to create constructs to selectively isolate cancer stem cells in a range of cancer cell lines. This will provide a powerful tool for researchers in the field of cancer Biology. <p>
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<h2>Assembly System</h2>
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<p> We have opted to use the Plug and Play system of assembly created by DTU-Denmark for the 2011 iGEM competition. In addition, we have designed our final constructs to conform to biobrick standard parts. We feel that this could offer an opportunity to incorporate Plug-n-Play to the Biobrick system.<p>
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<p> Due to the scarcity of available mammalian in the registry, we had to source parts from outside the parts registry. We were fortunate to obtain parts from DTU-Denmark which they had made in 2011. These parts were not available in the Parts Registry. We also contacted Serrano labs and were fortunate to receive some mammalian biobrick parts from them.  </p>
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Latest revision as of 03:10, 27 September 2012

Overview

Background

The Cancer Stem Cell Theory

Many tumours contain a sub-population of self-renewing and expanding stem cells known as cancer stem cells whose symmetric division result in tumour growth. These cancer stem cells can be identified using molecular determinants or markers which have properties such as self-renewal, clonogenicity, multipotentiality, and longevity. Recent studies have increasingly implied the importance of Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme as a marker for cancer stem cells owing to their ability to detoxify potential cytotoxins, thus making them resistant to chemotherapy.

Our Project

Our iGEM project taps into the cancer stem cell theory. We have set out to synthesise a genetic construct that can identify, isolate and destroy cancer stem cells. Three different genetic constructs which serve different purposes are to be synthesised. A number of isoforms of ALDH exist, and three of the most common occurring form in cancer will be isolated. The isoforms selected are ALDH1A1, ALDH1A3 and ALDH3A1. These isoforms show increased activity in recurrent forms of cancer. We have also identified ALDH2, which will be used as the control isoform, as this form is involved in ethanol metabolism and it will be easily induced by the addition of ethanol.

The second part of our project was to create constructs to selectively isolate cancer stem cells in a range of cancer cell lines. This will provide a powerful tool for researchers in the field of cancer Biology.

Assembly System

We have opted to use the Plug and Play system of assembly created by DTU-Denmark for the 2011 iGEM competition. In addition, we have designed our final constructs to conform to biobrick standard parts. We feel that this could offer an opportunity to incorporate Plug-n-Play to the Biobrick system.

Due to the scarcity of available mammalian in the registry, we had to source parts from outside the parts registry. We were fortunate to obtain parts from DTU-Denmark which they had made in 2011. These parts were not available in the Parts Registry. We also contacted Serrano labs and were fortunate to receive some mammalian biobrick parts from them.

Retrieved from "http://2012.igem.org/Team:Westminster/Overview"