http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Contributions/Yliac&feed=atom&limit=50&target=Yliac&year=&month=2012.igem.org - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T15:45:49ZFrom 2012.igem.orgMediaWiki 1.16.0http://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/InterviewTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Interview2012-09-27T02:18:35Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Interview</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview"><<< Back to Human Practice Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Background</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Last year, the HKUST iGEM team collaborated with IDC and Biofaction to conduct a survey to examine the Hong Kong public's perception of synthetic biology and the key factors that influenced their impressions of it. The results revealed that while most participants had a neutral to positive preconception about synthetic biology, there were not a lot of participants who understood what synthetic biology actually was. Because of this, the reliability of certain results obtained from the survey were cast into doubt, and it became hard to generate much constructive advice in the way of promoting awareness of synthetic biology to the public.</p><br />
<br />
<p> This led us to become aware of how the previous survey at times relied heavily on the assumption that participants already knew what synthetic biology was about, and thus was flawed. As such, we decided to replace surveys with interviews this year, in part so that we can supply relevant background information about synthetic biology to the interviewees during the process to ensure the quality of our results. The intimacy of individual interviews also gave us the opportunity to pursue topics of interest in greater depth and detail, providing us with more comprehensive data.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Purpose of Our Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <u>To obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of people's attitudes toward synthetic biology.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>One of the main disadvantages of using surveys for data collection is the limited number of choices provided to participants for each question. This often over-simplifies opinions, and might also create unintentional bias towards particular answers. Poorly worded questions or participants' lack of background knowledge could also reduce the credibility of results obtained from such surveys. </p><br />
<br />
<p>The use of interviews in this case would help overcome most of these problems, as it does not restrict interviewees to a set of answers. Interviews also provide flexibility for interviewers to rephrase and adapt questions to suit particular interviewees. This helps keep interviewees in the same context as interviewers so that reliable information can be collected. At the same time, deeper insights may also be gained as interviewers can guide the interviewees with follow-up questions to encourage interviewees to consider issues in greater detail.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br>2. <u>To serve as a foundation for future interviews.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>While there have been many efforts made by iGEM teams throughout the years to gather public opinion of synthetic biology, the interview method remains one of the less popular ones. We hope that our efforts this year can contribute to existing methodologies for interviews and encourage more future iGEM teams to consider using interviews to gather more comprehensive information for their human practice.<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <u>To serve as a stepping stone for future surveys.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>As mentioned previously, we hope to reach deeper levels of understanding of people's attitudes towards synthetic biology via individual interviews. By targeting people from different social circles, we hope to eventually collect sufficient information regarding HK people's level of understanding of synthetic biology and their major concerns. With this, we further hope that we can create improved versions of the previous survey to probe into specific topics of social interest regarding synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Methods</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><u>The Interviewees.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>For this pilot test, we approached four individuals in different fields who may be directly or indirectly affected by developments in the field of synthetic biology: a politician, a journalist, a university student and a secondary school student.<br><br />
<br />
<br><u>The Questions.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>There were two focus points for the interview: 1) Interactivity – While the majority of the interview followed the standard ‘asking and answering’ approach, we also took time to answer questions and present information about synthetic biology to interviewees when they appeared to have confusions about it; (2) Flexibility – Specific questions were deliberately modified each time to adjust to the interviewee's level of understanding of the topic, as well as their area of insight.<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Summary of the Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <em>The Politician</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The politician we interviewed – Mr. Shum – is a local community officer of the Democratic Party of Hong Kong. He professed he knew little about synthetic biology prior to the interview.</p><br />
<br />
<p>In order to warm Mr. Shum up, we first asked him about his perspectives on new technology in general. Mr. Shum praised the conveniences brought by introducing new technology to the society. Then we moved stepwise towards synthetic biology by first enquiring his perspectives on genetically-modified (GM) food. In order to get deeper insight, we offered him a hypothetical situation where a group of people complained to him that GM food was unethical because humans did not have the right to ‘play God’. To this scenario, Mr. Shum expressed that while some people would emphasize the ‘playing God’ side of the issue; he believed that the inclination of the majority and the development of the society would be the true determinants of the resolution. </p><br />
<br />
<p>Later, we presented a brief introduction of synthetic biology and our project to Mr. Shum, to which he did not evaluate synthetic biology by its ideologies, but instead emphasized on its influence on the society and on people. Comprehending his focus of the issue, we provided him with several imaginary situations and asked for his response. For example, we asked him “<i>The scientific world has its own criteria related to animal rights protection, but it may not be enough for some animal rights advocates. If we conducted animal tests with the synthetic bacteria we made, and some animal lovers protested about these experiments, what would you do?</i>” and “<i>Suppose our medication bacteria had passed all the safety tests and animal experiments, and some patients had registered for the human trial. However, no visible results could be achieved. If one such patient complained to you and attacked the credibility of synthetic biology, what would you do?</i>” Mr. Shum gave us a deep insight into the factors a local politician would consider most. He held the view that he would be a responsible listener for people's complaints, but the decision made on synthetic biology should be guided by the majority opinion of the people. He said that he would not interfere with the development of synthetic biology by expressing his personal views. <br><br />
<p align="center"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6f/Cosmos_Politician.JPG" width="60%" /></p><br><br />
<br />
<br>2. <em>The Journalist</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The journalist we interviewed – Ms. Leung – works for a local magazine in Hong Kong. She had heard of synthetic biology, thanks to having previously worked as an administrator in an institute of higher education.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Since Ms. Leung already had some ideas of what synthetic biology was, we decided to gauge how much she knew so as to adjust our next questions. We learned from her that while synthetic biology information is not commonly promoted in mainstream media, the public still has some interest in learning it. Developing from this topic, a question was put forward regarding whether the public should know more about synthetic biology. Her response was affirmative, because she believed that understanding was crucial, especially for countering false and misleading advertisements.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Later, we elucidated our project to Ms. Leung. To our surprise, her first response was not to evaluate our project, but to give us advice on how to promote our project to the public. She suggested that we use brief and concise methods like animations to promote our project and synthetic biology. Afterwards, she expressed her personal perspectives on the relationship between synthetic biology and the media. She said that the main obstacle in promoting it in Hong Kong was the lack of platforms. Also, the attractiveness of the promotion and its relevance to the masses were also factors that affected this sort of promotion. Ms. Leung expressed worries about what could happen when the public begins to engage in synthetic biology promotion: immoral merchants might mislead people for profit, or lay people might exaggerate certain aspects of the science unintentionally. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After listening to all the valuable perspectives Ms. Leung provided, at the very last, we asked her for her views on the prospects of synthetic biology. She speculated that the future would be bright and the public would want to actively learn about it. Nevertheless, controversies, for example animal testing and ethical dilemmas, might hinder its progress.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <em>The University Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The university student - Mr. Au – has just completed his freshman year in university. He is interested in biology and life science, but was a little bit confused about the definition of synthetic biology.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Like what we did with the politician, we initiated the interview by asking him about his attitudes towards technology. He responded by acknowledging the significance of technological advances as well as sharing some of his thoughts on the public level of knowledge regarding technology in Hong Kong, and his peers' interests in technology.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Next, Mr. Au was asked for his perspectives on genetic engineering, which is a topic he learned in high school. While he expressed his astonishment at the novelty of this technology, he still found it frightening. His concerns were mainly based on the knowledge he learned in high school. Mr. Au expressed that gene modification may introduce imbalances in the eco-system, and he saw the generation of such imbalances as a serious threat. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After this, we went on to explain the exact definition and concepts of synthetic biology to him, and asked about his immediate thoughts on this technology. He expressed his fear that the technology might go extreme and could be dangerous. Then, some of the pros and cons of synthetic biology were given to him, to which he acknowledged that with this technology human beings could do more things with less resources. However, he saw the ecological and biological experiments associated with synthetic biology as too complicated to be totally predictable. Small mistakes could lead to great problems later on. In order to evaluate the level of concern he had for synthetic biology, we asked him to envision a scenario in which the prevalence of synthetic biology had risen to that of computer technology. He made the comparison that if something went terribly wrong in the computer environment it would still be confined to that environment, but a severe issue in the biological environment would have direct influence on all of us.</p><br />
<br />
<p> At the end, we explained our project to him, and asked for his perspectives on animal testing. Mr. Au personally disliked this kind of test, but he would not object to it because without it, human beings would be the ones to take the risks.<br><br />
<br />
<br>4. <em>The Secondary School Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The secondary school student we interviewed – Mr. Siu – has just finished his freshmen year in high school. Biology, chemistry and physics are his choices of electives. Despite his interests in science, he claimed that he still had not learned much about science subjects.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Similar to the other three interviews, we started our conversation by asking him some general questions about technology, such as “Do you welcome the latest technology?”, “Will you talk about technologies with your friends?” etc. We found that he would embrace the latest technology, but he quickly acknowledged that new technology, like everything, always has good and bad sides. As for his daily conversation with his friends, he told us they hardly ever discuss technology with the reason being he and his peers have little knowledge in this area.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Then we asked him about genetic engineering and genetically modified foods. Mr. Siu had not heard of these two, but he speculated that this technology might be related to Dolly, the cloned sheep. Based on this, we surmised that he had not covered the related topics in school yet, and that later questions should be adjusted according to his current level of understanding. Later, we asked whether he thought genetic engineering was mostly good or mostly bad. Initially, he said that it could raise the productivity of society, so it was good. But later, after we introduced certain concerns about this technology to him, he hesitated a little and expressed his agreement to those concerns. In general, however, he maintained that everything had a dual nature. But while proper assessment and regulation from the government are crucial, development of technology could not be hindered.</p><br />
<br />
<p> We then moved beyond genetic engineering and presented to him the definition of synthetic biology. His perspective was simple, that it was quite amazing to be able to design organisms, but quite strange too. Later, we introduced the potential benefits of synthetic biology to him, such as engineering an organism to complete specific tasks, while also covering some of the possible risks, like introducing uncertainties into the eco-system. His view was that everything should be tested and confirmed first before being permitted for widespread use. Although it could be convenient and of help to society's progress, such ‘live’ constructs could affect us directly and might cause huge troubles. Nevertheless, he still thought this technology was good. At the end of our interviews, we explained our project details to him, and asked for his comments. He simply said that animal tests were a key part of testing, and that the safety of any new treatment should always be confirmed.</p><br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></p>Achievements and Future Work</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p> First and foremost, <b>we believe we managed to obtain a deeper understanding of our interviewees' perception of synthetic biology</b>. From the four interviews we summarized in the preceding sections, we can appreciate that the <b>flexibility</b> of interviews helps us mine for <b>more specific and deeper insight into people's attitudes</b>. For example, in the politician's case, after comprehending that he emphasized more on the social aspect of this technology, we used case studies to investigate his viewpoints. And for the journalist, we gathered some personal perspectives of the relationship between media and synthetic biology in addition to her general view of synthetic biology. </p><br />
<br />
<p>While our four interviews in this pilot test <b>provided a foundation for future interviews, we hope that the range and number of the interviewees can be widened in the future</b> so that a more comprehensive view of Hong Kong people's attitude and understanding of synthetic biology can be obtained.</p><br />
<br />
<p>During the course of the four interviews, we realized that <b>keeping questions within the context of the interviewee's level of understanding was more difficult than expected</b>. Thus, if any future iGEM team plans to use a similar approach, we highly suggest that training be conducted for all the interviewers so that they know how to react in the dynamic environment of an interview. iGEM teams who are interested in knowing more can check out a short guide we created for this purpose (see Appendix II).</p><br />
<br />
<p> Lastly, the <b>insights gained through the interviews will enable us to increase the diversity of questions which can be asked in a survey, thus expanding our resource pool for future survey designs</b>. The in-depth questions we asked during the interviews allowed us to observe and appreciate the variety of opinions people had. Most importantly, they allowed us to glimpse at the thought processes and priorities different people have that influence their ultimate stance on synthetic biology. This particular insight will be very useful for future survey designs as it provides us another angle from which to gather information on people's perceptions.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear:both"><br><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/64/Interview_Appendix_I_The_record_of_four_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix I: The Record of our Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/82/Interview_Appendix_II_About_future_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix II: Future Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<div id="Sitemap"><br />
<div id="Sitemap_Home" align="center"><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><b>Home</b></a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Team</b><p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Project</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Target Binding Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Regulation and Control Module</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Wet Lab</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Overview</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Construction">Construction</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Assembly">Assembly</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Logbook">Logbook</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Protocol">Protocol</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Human Practice</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Extras</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#Sitemap{<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c0/HKUST_Campus.jpg');<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-top:5px;<br />
padding-left:4px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
.Sitemap_Content{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:173px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#Sitemap_Home{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:940px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/InterviewTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Interview2012-09-27T02:16:23Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Interview</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview"><<< Back to Human Practice Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Background</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Last year, the HKUST iGEM team collaborated with IDC and Biofaction to conduct a survey to examine the Hong Kong public's perception of synthetic biology and the key factors that influenced their impressions of it. The results revealed that while most participants had a neutral to positive preconception about synthetic biology, there were not a lot of participants who understood what synthetic biology actually was. Because of this, the reliability of certain results obtained from the survey were cast into doubt, and it became hard to generate much constructive advice in the way of promoting awareness of synthetic biology to the public.</p><br />
<br />
<p> This led us to become aware of how the previous survey at times relied heavily on the assumption that participants already knew what synthetic biology was about, and thus was flawed. As such, we decided to replace surveys with interviews this year, in part so that we can supply relevant background information about synthetic biology to the interviewees during the process to ensure the quality of our results. The intimacy of individual interviews also gave us the opportunity to pursue topics of interest in greater depth and detail, providing us with more comprehensive data.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Purpose of Our Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <u>To obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of people's attitudes toward synthetic biology.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>One of the main disadvantages of using surveys for data collection is the limited number of choices provided to participants for each question. This often over-simplifies opinions, and might also create unintentional bias towards particular answers. Poorly worded questions or participants' lack of background knowledge could also reduce the credibility of results obtained from such surveys. </p><br />
<br />
<p>The use of interviews in this case would help overcome most of these problems, as it does not restrict interviewees to a set of answers. Interviews also provide flexibility for interviewers to rephrase and adapt questions to suit particular interviewees. This helps keep interviewees in the same context as interviewers so that reliable information can be collected. At the same time, deeper insights may also be gained as interviewers can guide the interviewees with follow-up questions to encourage interviewees to consider issues in greater detail.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br>2. <u>To serve as a foundation for future interviews.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>While there have been many efforts made by iGEM teams throughout the years to gather public opinion of synthetic biology, the interview method remains one of the less popular ones. We hope that our efforts this year can contribute to existing methodologies for interviews and encourage more future iGEM teams to consider using interviews to gather more comprehensive information for their human practice.<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <u>To serve as a stepping stone for future surveys.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>As mentioned previously, we hope to reach deeper levels of understanding of people's attitudes towards synthetic biology via individual interviews. By targeting people from different social circles, we hope to eventually collect sufficient information regarding HK people's level of understanding of synthetic biology and their major concerns. With this, we further hope that we can create improved versions of the previous survey to probe into specific topics of social interest regarding synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Methods</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><u>The Interviewees.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>For this pilot test, we approached four individuals in different fields who may be directly or indirectly affected by developments in the field of synthetic biology: a politician, a journalist, a university student and a secondary school student.<br><br />
<br />
<br><u>The Questions.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>There were two focus points for the interview: 1) Interactivity – While the majority of the interview followed the standard ‘asking and answering’ approach, we also took time to answer questions and present information about synthetic biology to interviewees when they appeared to have confusions about it; (2) Flexibility – Specific questions were deliberately modified each time to adjust to the interviewee's level of understanding of the topic, as well as their area of insight.<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Summary of the Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <em>The Politician</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The politician we interviewed – Mr. Shum – is a local community officer of the Democratic Party of Hong Kong. He professed he knew little about synthetic biology prior to the interview.</p><br />
<br />
<p>In order to warm Mr. Shum up, we first asked him about his perspectives on new technology in general. Mr. Shum praised the conveniences brought by introducing new technology to the society. Then we moved stepwise towards synthetic biology by first enquiring his perspectives on genetically-modified (GM) food. In order to get deeper insight, we offered him a hypothetical situation where a group of people complained to him that GM food was unethical because humans did not have the right to ‘play God’. To this scenario, Mr. Shum expressed that while some people would emphasize the ‘playing God’ side of the issue; he believed that the inclination of the majority and the development of the society would be the true determinants of the resolution. </p><br />
<br />
<p>Later, we presented a brief introduction of synthetic biology and our project to Mr. Shum, to which he did not evaluate synthetic biology by its ideologies, but instead emphasized on its influence on the society and on people. Comprehending his focus of the issue, we provided him with several imaginary situations and asked for his response. For example, we asked him “<i>The scientific world has its own criteria related to animal rights protection, but it may not be enough for some animal rights advocates. If we conducted animal tests with the synthetic bacteria we made, and some animal lovers protested about these experiments, what would you do?</i>” and “<i>Suppose our medication bacteria had passed all the safety tests and animal experiments, and some patients had registered for the human trial. However, no visible results could be achieved. If one such patient complained to you and attacked the credibility of synthetic biology, what would you do?</i>” Mr. Shum gave us a deep insight into the factors a local politician would consider most. He held the view that he would be a responsible listener for people's complaints, but the decision made on synthetic biology should be guided by the majority opinion of the people. He said that he would not interfere with the development of synthetic biology by expressing his personal views. <br><br />
<p align="center"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6f/Cosmos_Politician.JPG" width="60%" /></p><br><br />
<br />
<br>2. <em>The Journalist</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The journalist we interviewed – Ms. Leung – works for a local magazine in Hong Kong. She had heard of synthetic biology, thanks to having previously worked as an administrator in an institute of higher education.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Since Ms. Leung already had some ideas of what synthetic biology was, we decided to gauge how much she knew so as to adjust our next questions. We learned from her that while synthetic biology information is not commonly promoted in mainstream media, the public still has some interest in learning it. Developing from this topic, a question was put forward regarding whether the public should know more about synthetic biology. Her response was affirmative, because she believed that understanding was crucial, especially for countering false and misleading advertisements.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Later, we elucidated our project to Ms. Leung. To our surprise, her first response was not to evaluate our project, but to give us advice on how to promote our project to the public. She suggested that we use brief and concise methods like animations to promote our project and synthetic biology. Afterwards, she expressed her personal perspectives on the relationship between synthetic biology and the media. She said that the main obstacle in promoting it in Hong Kong was the lack of platforms. Also, the attractiveness of the promotion and its relevance to the masses were also factors that affected this sort of promotion. Ms. Leung expressed worries about what could happen when the public begins to engage in synthetic biology promotion: immoral merchants might mislead people for profit, or lay people might exaggerate certain aspects of the science unintentionally. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After listening to all the valuable perspectives Ms. Leung provided, at the very last, we asked her for her views on the prospects of synthetic biology. She speculated that the future would be bright and the public would want to actively learn about it. Nevertheless, controversies, for example animal testing and ethical dilemmas, might hinder its progress.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <em>The University Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The university student - Mr. Au – has just completed his freshman year in university. He is interested in biology and life science, but was a little bit confused about the definition of synthetic biology.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Like what we did with the politician, we initiated the interview by asking him about his attitudes towards technology. He responded by acknowledging the significance of technological advances as well as sharing some of his thoughts on the public level of knowledge regarding technology in Hong Kong, and his peers' interests in technology.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Next, Mr. Au was asked for his perspectives on genetic engineering, which is a topic he learned in high school. While he expressed his astonishment at the novelty of this technology, he still found it frightening. His concerns were mainly based on the knowledge he learned in high school. Mr. Au expressed that gene modification may introduce imbalances in the eco-system, and he saw the generation of such imbalances as a serious threat. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After this, we went on to explain the exact definition and concepts of synthetic biology to him, and asked about his immediate thoughts on this technology. He expressed his fear that the technology might go extreme and could be dangerous. Then, some of the pros and cons of synthetic biology were given to him, to which he acknowledged that with this technology human beings could do more things with less resources. However, he saw the ecological and biological experiments associated with synthetic biology as too complicated to be totally predictable. Small mistakes could lead to great problems later on. In order to evaluate the level of concern he had for synthetic biology, we asked him to envision a scenario in which the prevalence of synthetic biology had risen to that of computer technology. He made the comparison that if something went terribly wrong in the computer environment it would still be confined to that environment, but a severe issue in the biological environment would have direct influence on all of us.</p><br />
<br />
<p> At the end, we explained our project to him, and asked for his perspectives on animal testing. Mr. Au personally disliked this kind of test, but he would not object to it because without it, human beings would be the ones to take the risks.<br><br />
<br />
<br>4. <em>The Secondary School Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The secondary school student we interviewed – Mr. Siu – has just finished his freshmen year in high school. Biology, chemistry and physics are his choices of electives. Despite his interests in science, he claimed that he still had not learned much about science subjects.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Similar to the other three interviews, we started our conversation by asking him some general questions about technology, such as “Do you welcome the latest technology?”, “Will you talk about technologies with your friends?” etc. We found that he would embrace the latest technology, but he quickly acknowledged that new technology, like everything, always has good and bad sides. As for his daily conversation with his friends, he told us they hardly ever discuss technology with the reason being he and his peers have little knowledge in this area.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Then we asked him about genetic engineering and genetically modified foods. Mr. Siu had not heard of these two, but he speculated that this technology might be related to Dolly, the cloned sheep. Based on this, we surmised that he had not covered the related topics in school yet, and that later questions should be adjusted according to his current level of understanding. Later, we asked whether he thought genetic engineering was mostly good or mostly bad. Initially, he said that it could raise the productivity of society, so it was good. But later, after we introduced certain concerns about this technology to him, he hesitated a little and expressed his agreement to those concerns. In general, however, he maintained that everything had a dual nature. But while proper assessment and regulation from the government are crucial, development of technology could not be hindered.</p><br />
<br />
<p> We then moved beyond genetic engineering and presented to him the definition of synthetic biology. His perspective was simple, that it was quite amazing to be able to design organisms, but quite strange too. Later, we introduced the potential benefits of synthetic biology to him, such as engineering an organism to complete specific tasks, while also covering some of the possible risks, like introducing uncertainties into the eco-system. His view was that everything should be tested and confirmed first before being permitted for widespread use. Although it could be convenient and of help to society’s progress, such ‘live’ constructs could affect us directly and might cause huge troubles. Nevertheless, he still thought this technology was good. At the end of our interviews, we explained our project details to him, and asked for his comments. He simply said that animal tests were a key part of testing, and that the safety of any new treatment should always be confirmed.</p><br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></p>Achievements and Future Work</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p> First and foremost, <b>we believe we managed to obtain a deeper understanding of our interviewees' perception of synthetic biology</b>. From the four interviews we summarized in the preceding sections, we can appreciate that the <b>flexibility</b> of interviews helps us mine for <b>more specific and deeper insight into people's attitudes</b>. For example, in the politician’s case, after comprehending that he emphasized more on the social aspect of this technology, we used case studies to investigate his viewpoints. And for the journalist, we gathered some personal perspectives of the relationship between media and synthetic biology in addition to her general view of synthetic biology. </p><br />
<br />
<p>While our four interviews in this pilot test <b>provided a foundation for future interviews, we hope that the range and number of the interviewees can be widened in the future</b> so that a more comprehensive view of Hong Kong people's attitude and understanding of synthetic biology can be obtained.</p><br />
<br />
<p>During the course of the four interviews, we realized that <b>keeping questions within the context of the interviewee's level of understanding was more difficult than expected</b>. Thus, if any future iGEM team plans to use a similar approach, we highly suggest that training be conducted for all the interviewers so that they know how to react in the dynamic environment of an interview. iGEM teams who are interested in knowing more can check out a short guide we created for this purpose (see Appendix II).</p><br />
<br />
<p> Lastly, the <b>insights gained through the interviews will enable us to increase the diversity of questions which can be asked in a survey, thus expanding our resource pool for future survey designs</b>. The in-depth questions we asked during the interviews allowed us to observe and appreciate the variety of opinions people had. Most importantly, they allowed us to glimpse at the thought processes and priorities different people have that influence their ultimate stance on synthetic biology. This particular insight will be very useful for future survey designs as it provides us another angle from which to gather information on people's perceptions.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear:both"><br><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/64/Interview_Appendix_I_The_record_of_four_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix I: The Record of our Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/82/Interview_Appendix_II_About_future_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix II: Future Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<div id="Sitemap"><br />
<div id="Sitemap_Home" align="center"><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><b>Home</b></a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Team</b><p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Project</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Target Binding Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Regulation and Control Module</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Wet Lab</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Overview</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Construction">Construction</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Assembly">Assembly</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Logbook">Logbook</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Protocol">Protocol</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Human Practice</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Extras</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#Sitemap{<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c0/HKUST_Campus.jpg');<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-top:5px;<br />
padding-left:4px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
.Sitemap_Content{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:173px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#Sitemap_Home{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:940px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/InterviewTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Interview2012-09-27T02:14:36Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Interview</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview"><<< Back to Human Practice Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Background</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Last year, the HKUST iGEM team collaborated with IDC and Biofaction to conduct a survey to examine the Hong Kong public's perception of synthetic biology and the key factors that influenced their impressions of it. The results revealed that while most participants had a neutral to positive preconception about synthetic biology, there were not a lot of participants who understood what synthetic biology actually was. Because of this, the reliability of certain results obtained from the survey were cast into doubt, and it became hard to generate much constructive advice in the way of promoting awareness of synthetic biology to the public.</p><br />
<br />
<p> This led us to become aware of how the previous survey at times relied heavily on the assumption that participants already knew what synthetic biology was about, and thus was flawed. As such, we decided to replace surveys with interviews this year, in part so that we can supply relevant background information about synthetic biology to the interviewees during the process to ensure the quality of our results. The intimacy of individual interviews also gave us the opportunity to pursue topics of interest in greater depth and detail, providing us with more comprehensive data.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Purpose of Our Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <u>To obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of people’s attitudes toward synthetic biology.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>One of the main disadvantages of using surveys for data collection is the limited number of choices provided to participants for each question. This often over-simplifies opinions, and might also create unintentional bias towards particular answers. Poorly worded questions or participants' lack of background knowledge could also reduce the credibility of results obtained from such surveys. </p><br />
<br />
<p>The use of interviews in this case would help overcome most of these problems, as it does not restrict interviewees to a set of answers. Interviews also provide flexibility for interviewers to rephrase and adapt questions to suit particular interviewees. This helps keep interviewees in the same context as interviewers so that reliable information can be collected. At the same time, deeper insights may also be gained as interviewers can guide the interviewees with follow-up questions to encourage interviewees to consider issues in greater detail.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br>2. <u>To serve as a foundation for future interviews.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>While there have been many efforts made by iGEM teams throughout the years to gather public opinion of synthetic biology, the interview method remains one of the less popular ones. We hope that our efforts this year can contribute to existing methodologies for interviews and encourage more future iGEM teams to consider using interviews to gather more comprehensive information for their human practice.<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <u>To serve as a stepping stone for future surveys.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>As mentioned previously, we hope to reach deeper levels of understanding of people’s attitudes towards synthetic biology via individual interviews. By targeting people from different social circles, we hope to eventually collect sufficient information regarding HK people’s level of understanding of synthetic biology and their major concerns. With this, we further hope that we can create improved versions of the previous survey to probe into specific topics of social interest regarding synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Methods</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><u>The Interviewees.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>For this pilot test, we approached four individuals in different fields who may be directly or indirectly affected by developments in the field of synthetic biology: a politician, a journalist, a university student and a secondary school student.<br><br />
<br />
<br><u>The Questions.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>There were two focus points for the interview: 1) Interactivity – While the majority of the interview followed the standard ‘asking and answering’ approach, we also took time to answer questions and present information about synthetic biology to interviewees when they appeared to have confusions about it; (2) Flexibility – Specific questions were deliberately modified each time to adjust to the interviewee's level of understanding of the topic, as well as their area of insight.<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Summary of the Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <em>The Politician</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The politician we interviewed – Mr. Shum – is a local community officer of the Democratic Party of Hong Kong. He professed he knew little about synthetic biology prior to the interview.</p><br />
<br />
<p>In order to warm Mr. Shum up, we first asked him about his perspectives on new technology in general. Mr. Shum praised the conveniences brought by introducing new technology to the society. Then we moved stepwise towards synthetic biology by first enquiring his perspectives on genetically-modified (GM) food. In order to get deeper insight, we offered him a hypothetical situation where a group of people complained to him that GM food was unethical because humans did not have the right to ‘play God’. To this scenario, Mr. Shum expressed that while some people would emphasize the ‘playing God’ side of the issue; he believed that the inclination of the majority and the development of the society would be the true determinants of the resolution. </p><br />
<br />
<p>Later, we presented a brief introduction of synthetic biology and our project to Mr. Shum, to which he did not evaluate synthetic biology by its ideologies, but instead emphasized on its influence on the society and on people. Comprehending his focus of the issue, we provided him with several imaginary situations and asked for his response. For example, we asked him “<i>The scientific world has its own criteria related to animal rights protection, but it may not be enough for some animal rights advocates. If we conducted animal tests with the synthetic bacteria we made, and some animal lovers protested about these experiments, what would you do?</i>” and “<i>Suppose our medication bacteria had passed all the safety tests and animal experiments, and some patients had registered for the human trial. However, no visible results could be achieved. If one such patient complained to you and attacked the credibility of synthetic biology, what would you do?</i>” Mr. Shum gave us a deep insight into the factors a local politician would consider most. He held the view that he would be a responsible listener for people’s complaints, but the decision made on synthetic biology should be guided by the majority opinion of the people. He said that he would not interfere with the development of synthetic biology by expressing his personal views. <br><br />
<p align="center"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6f/Cosmos_Politician.JPG" width="60%" /></p><br><br />
<br />
<br>2. <em>The Journalist</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The journalist we interviewed – Ms. Leung – works for a local magazine in Hong Kong. She had heard of synthetic biology, thanks to having previously worked as an administrator in an institute of higher education.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Since Ms. Leung already had some ideas of what synthetic biology was, we decided to gauge how much she knew so as to adjust our next questions. We learned from her that while synthetic biology information is not commonly promoted in mainstream media, the public still has some interest in learning it. Developing from this topic, a question was put forward regarding whether the public should know more about synthetic biology. Her response was affirmative, because she believed that understanding was crucial, especially for countering false and misleading advertisements.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Later, we elucidated our project to Ms. Leung. To our surprise, her first response was not to evaluate our project, but to give us advice on how to promote our project to the public. She suggested that we use brief and concise methods like animations to promote our project and synthetic biology. Afterwards, she expressed her personal perspectives on the relationship between synthetic biology and the media. She said that the main obstacle in promoting it in Hong Kong was the lack of platforms. Also, the attractiveness of the promotion and its relevance to the masses were also factors that affected this sort of promotion. Ms. Leung expressed worries about what could happen when the public begins to engage in synthetic biology promotion: immoral merchants might mislead people for profit, or lay people might exaggerate certain aspects of the science unintentionally. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After listening to all the valuable perspectives Ms. Leung provided, at the very last, we asked her for her views on the prospects of synthetic biology. She speculated that the future would be bright and the public would want to actively learn about it. Nevertheless, controversies, for example animal testing and ethical dilemmas, might hinder its progress.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <em>The University Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The university student - Mr. Au – has just completed his freshman year in university. He is interested in biology and life science, but was a little bit confused about the definition of synthetic biology.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Like what we did with the politician, we initiated the interview by asking him about his attitudes towards technology. He responded by acknowledging the significance of technological advances as well as sharing some of his thoughts on the public level of knowledge regarding technology in Hong Kong, and his peers' interests in technology.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Next, Mr. Au was asked for his perspectives on genetic engineering, which is a topic he learned in high school. While he expressed his astonishment at the novelty of this technology, he still found it frightening. His concerns were mainly based on the knowledge he learned in high school. Mr. Au expressed that gene modification may introduce imbalances in the eco-system, and he saw the generation of such imbalances as a serious threat. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After this, we went on to explain the exact definition and concepts of synthetic biology to him, and asked about his immediate thoughts on this technology. He expressed his fear that the technology might go extreme and could be dangerous. Then, some of the pros and cons of synthetic biology were given to him, to which he acknowledged that with this technology human beings could do more things with less resources. However, he saw the ecological and biological experiments associated with synthetic biology as too complicated to be totally predictable. Small mistakes could lead to great problems later on. In order to evaluate the level of concern he had for synthetic biology, we asked him to envision a scenario in which the prevalence of synthetic biology had risen to that of computer technology. He made the comparison that if something went terribly wrong in the computer environment it would still be confined to that environment, but a severe issue in the biological environment would have direct influence on all of us.</p><br />
<br />
<p> At the end, we explained our project to him, and asked for his perspectives on animal testing. Mr. Au personally disliked this kind of test, but he would not object to it because without it, human beings would be the ones to take the risks.<br><br />
<br />
<br>4. <em>The Secondary School Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The secondary school student we interviewed – Mr. Siu – has just finished his freshmen year in high school. Biology, chemistry and physics are his choices of electives. Despite his interests in science, he claimed that he still had not learned much about science subjects.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Similar to the other three interviews, we started our conversation by asking him some general questions about technology, such as “Do you welcome the latest technology?”, “Will you talk about technologies with your friends?” etc. We found that he would embrace the latest technology, but he quickly acknowledged that new technology, like everything, always has good and bad sides. As for his daily conversation with his friends, he told us they hardly ever discuss technology with the reason being he and his peers have little knowledge in this area.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Then we asked him about genetic engineering and genetically modified foods. Mr. Siu had not heard of these two, but he speculated that this technology might be related to Dolly, the cloned sheep. Based on this, we surmised that he had not covered the related topics in school yet, and that later questions should be adjusted according to his current level of understanding. Later, we asked whether he thought genetic engineering was mostly good or mostly bad. Initially, he said that it could raise the productivity of society, so it was good. But later, after we introduced certain concerns about this technology to him, he hesitated a little and expressed his agreement to those concerns. In general, however, he maintained that everything had a dual nature. But while proper assessment and regulation from the government are crucial, development of technology could not be hindered.</p><br />
<br />
<p> We then moved beyond genetic engineering and presented to him the definition of synthetic biology. His perspective was simple, that it was quite amazing to be able to design organisms, but quite strange too. Later, we introduced the potential benefits of synthetic biology to him, such as engineering an organism to complete specific tasks, while also covering some of the possible risks, like introducing uncertainties into the eco-system. His view was that everything should be tested and confirmed first before being permitted for widespread use. Although it could be convenient and of help to society’s progress, such ‘live’ constructs could affect us directly and might cause huge troubles. Nevertheless, he still thought this technology was good. At the end of our interviews, we explained our project details to him, and asked for his comments. He simply said that animal tests were a key part of testing, and that the safety of any new treatment should always be confirmed.</p><br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></p>Achievements and Future Work</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p> First and foremost, <b>we believe we managed to obtain a deeper understanding of our interviewees’ perception of synthetic biology</b>. From the four interviews we summarized in the preceding sections, we can appreciate that the <b>flexibility</b> of interviews helps us mine for <b>more specific and deeper insight into people's attitudes</b>. For example, in the politician’s case, after comprehending that he emphasized more on the social aspect of this technology, we used case studies to investigate his viewpoints. And for the journalist, we gathered some personal perspectives of the relationship between media and synthetic biology in addition to her general view of synthetic biology. </p><br />
<br />
<p>While our four interviews in this pilot test <b>provided a foundation for future interviews, we hope that the range and number of the interviewees can be widened in the future</b> so that a more comprehensive view of Hong Kong people's attitude and understanding of synthetic biology can be obtained.</p><br />
<br />
<p>During the course of the four interviews, we realized that <b>keeping questions within the context of the interviewee’s level of understanding was more difficult than expected</b>. Thus, if any future iGEM team plans to use a similar approach, we highly suggest that training be conducted for all the interviewers so that they know how to react in the dynamic environment of an interview. iGEM teams who are interested in knowing more can check out a short guide we created for this purpose (see Appendix II).</p><br />
<br />
<p> Lastly, the <b>insights gained through the interviews will enable us to increase the diversity of questions which can be asked in a survey, thus expanding our resource pool for future survey designs</b>. The in-depth questions we asked during the interviews allowed us to observe and appreciate the variety of opinions people had. Most importantly, they allowed us to glimpse at the thought processes and priorities different people have that influence their ultimate stance on synthetic biology. This particular insight will be very useful for future survey designs as it provides us another angle from which to gather information on people’s perceptions.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear:both"><br><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/64/Interview_Appendix_I_The_record_of_four_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix I: The Record of our Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/82/Interview_Appendix_II_About_future_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix II: Future Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<div id="Sitemap"><br />
<div id="Sitemap_Home" align="center"><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><b>Home</b></a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Team</b><p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Project</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Target Binding Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Regulation and Control Module</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Wet Lab</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Overview</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Construction">Construction</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Assembly">Assembly</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Logbook">Logbook</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Protocol">Protocol</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Human Practice</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Extras</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#Sitemap{<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c0/HKUST_Campus.jpg');<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-top:5px;<br />
padding-left:4px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
.Sitemap_Content{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:173px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#Sitemap_Home{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:940px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/InterviewTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Interview2012-09-27T02:12:27Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Interview</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview"><<< Back to Human Practice Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Background</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Last year, the HKUST iGEM team collaborated with IDC and Biofaction to conduct a survey to examine the Hong Kong public's perception of synthetic biology and the key factors that influenced their impressions of it. The results revealed that while most participants had a neutral to positive preconception about synthetic biology, there were not a lot of participants who understood what synthetic biology actually was. Because of this, the reliability of certain results obtained from the survey were cast into doubt, and it became hard to generate much constructive advice in the way of promoting awareness of synthetic biology to the public.</p><br />
<br />
<p> This led us to become aware of how the previous survey at times relied heavily on the assumption that participants already knew what synthetic biology was about, and thus was flawed. As such, we decided to replace surveys with interviews this year, in part so that we can supply relevant background information about synthetic biology to the interviewees during the process to ensure the quality of our results. The intimacy of individual interviews also gave us the opportunity to pursue topics of interest in greater depth and detail, providing us with more comprehensive data.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Purpose of Our Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <u>To obtain a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of people’s attitudes toward synthetic biology.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>One of the main disadvantages of using surveys for data collection is the limited number of choices provided to participants for each question. This often over-simplifies opinions, and might also create unintentional bias towards particular answers. Poorly worded questions or participants' lack of background knowledge could also reduce the credibility of results obtained from such surveys. </p><br />
<br />
<p>The use of interviews in this case would help overcome most of these problems, as it does not restrict interviewees to a set of answers. Interviews also provide flexibility for interviewers to rephrase and adapt questions to suit particular interviewees. This helps keep interviewees in the same context as interviewers so that reliable information can be collected. At the same time, deeper insights may also be gained as interviewers can guide the interviewees with follow-up questions to encourage interviewees to consider issues in greater detail.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br>2. <u>To serve as a foundation for future interviews.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>While there have been many efforts made by iGEM teams throughout the years to gather public opinion of synthetic biology, the interview method remains one of the less popular ones. We hope that our efforts this year can contribute to existing methodologies for interviews and encourage more future iGEM teams to consider using interviews to gather more comprehensive information for their human practice.<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <u>To serve as a stepping stone for future surveys.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>As mentioned previously, we hope to reach deeper levels of understanding of people’s attitudes towards synthetic biology via individual interviews. By targeting people from different social circles, we hope to eventually collect sufficient information regarding HK people’s level of understanding of synthetic biology and their major concerns. With this, we further hope that we can create improved versions of the previous survey to probe into specific topics of social interest regarding synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Methods</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><u>The Interviewees.</u></p> <br />
<br />
<p>For this pilot test, we approached four individuals in different fields who may be directly or indirectly affected by developments in the field of synthetic biology: a politician, a journalist, a university student and a secondary school student.<br><br />
<br />
<br><u>The Questions.</u></p><br />
<br />
<p>There were two focus points for the interview: 1) Interactivity – While the majority of the interview followed the standard ‘asking and answering’ approach, we also took time to answer questions and present information about synthetic biology to interviewees when they appeared to have confusions about it; (2) Flexibility – Specific questions were deliberately modified each time to adjust to the interviewee’s level of understanding of the topic, as well as their area of insight.<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p>Summary of the Interviews</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p>1. <em>The Politician</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The politician we interviewed – Mr. Shum – is a local community officer of the Democratic Party of Hong Kong. He professed he knew little about synthetic biology prior to the interview.</p><br />
<br />
<p>In order to warm Mr. Shum up, we first asked him about his perspectives on new technology in general. Mr. Shum praised the conveniences brought by introducing new technology to the society. Then we moved stepwise towards synthetic biology by first enquiring his perspectives on genetically-modified (GM) food. In order to get deeper insight, we offered him a hypothetical situation where a group of people complained to him that GM food was unethical because humans did not have the right to ‘play God’. To this scenario, Mr. Shum expressed that while some people would emphasize the ‘playing God’ side of the issue; he believed that the inclination of the majority and the development of the society would be the true determinants of the resolution. </p><br />
<br />
<p>Later, we presented a brief introduction of synthetic biology and our project to Mr. Shum, to which he did not evaluate synthetic biology by its ideologies, but instead emphasized on its influence on the society and on people. Comprehending his focus of the issue, we provided him with several imaginary situations and asked for his response. For example, we asked him “<i>The scientific world has its own criteria related to animal rights protection, but it may not be enough for some animal rights advocates. If we conducted animal tests with the synthetic bacteria we made, and some animal lovers protested about these experiments, what would you do?</i>” and “<i>Suppose our medication bacteria had passed all the safety tests and animal experiments, and some patients had registered for the human trial. However, no visible results could be achieved. If one such patient complained to you and attacked the credibility of synthetic biology, what would you do?</i>” Mr. Shum gave us a deep insight into the factors a local politician would consider most. He held the view that he would be a responsible listener for people’s complaints, but the decision made on synthetic biology should be guided by the majority opinion of the people. He said that he would not interfere with the development of synthetic biology by expressing his personal views. <br><br />
<p align="center"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6f/Cosmos_Politician.JPG" width="60%" /></p><br><br />
<br />
<br>2. <em>The Journalist</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The journalist we interviewed – Ms. Leung – works for a local magazine in Hong Kong. She had heard of synthetic biology, thanks to having previously worked as an administrator in an institute of higher education.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Since Ms. Leung already had some ideas of what synthetic biology was, we decided to gauge how much she knew so as to adjust our next questions. We learned from her that while synthetic biology information is not commonly promoted in mainstream media, the public still has some interest in learning it. Developing from this topic, a question was put forward regarding whether the public should know more about synthetic biology. Her response was affirmative, because she believed that understanding was crucial, especially for countering false and misleading advertisements.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Later, we elucidated our project to Ms. Leung. To our surprise, her first response was not to evaluate our project, but to give us advice on how to promote our project to the public. She suggested that we use brief and concise methods like animations to promote our project and synthetic biology. Afterwards, she expressed her personal perspectives on the relationship between synthetic biology and the media. She said that the main obstacle in promoting it in Hong Kong was the lack of platforms. Also, the attractiveness of the promotion and its relevance to the masses were also factors that affected this sort of promotion. Ms. Leung expressed worries about what could happen when the public begins to engage in synthetic biology promotion: immoral merchants might mislead people for profit, or lay people might exaggerate certain aspects of the science unintentionally. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After listening to all the valuable perspectives Ms. Leung provided, at the very last, we asked her for her views on the prospects of synthetic biology. She speculated that the future would be bright and the public would want to actively learn about it. Nevertheless, controversies, for example animal testing and ethical dilemmas, might hinder its progress.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br>3. <em>The University Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The university student - Mr. Au – has just completed his freshman year in university. He is interested in biology and life science, but was a little bit confused about the definition of synthetic biology.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Like what we did with the politician, we initiated the interview by asking him about his attitudes towards technology. He responded by acknowledging the significance of technological advances as well as sharing some of his thoughts on the public level of knowledge regarding technology in Hong Kong, and his peers’ interests in technology.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Next, Mr. Au was asked for his perspectives on genetic engineering, which is a topic he learned in high school. While he expressed his astonishment at the novelty of this technology, he still found it frightening. His concerns were mainly based on the knowledge he learned in high school. Mr. Au expressed that gene modification may introduce imbalances in the eco-system, and he saw the generation of such imbalances as a serious threat. </p><br />
<br />
<p> After this, we went on to explain the exact definition and concepts of synthetic biology to him, and asked about his immediate thoughts on this technology. He expressed his fear that the technology might go extreme and could be dangerous. Then, some of the pros and cons of synthetic biology were given to him, to which he acknowledged that with this technology human beings could do more things with less resources. However, he saw the ecological and biological experiments associated with synthetic biology as too complicated to be totally predictable. Small mistakes could lead to great problems later on. In order to evaluate the level of concern he had for synthetic biology, we asked him to envision a scenario in which the prevalence of synthetic biology had risen to that of computer technology. He made the comparison that if something went terribly wrong in the computer environment it would still be confined to that environment, but a severe issue in the biological environment would have direct influence on all of us.</p><br />
<br />
<p> At the end, we explained our project to him, and asked for his perspectives on animal testing. Mr. Au personally disliked this kind of test, but he would not object to it because without it, human beings would be the ones to take the risks.<br><br />
<br />
<br>4. <em>The Secondary School Student</em></p><br />
<br />
<p>The secondary school student we interviewed – Mr. Siu – has just finished his freshmen year in high school. Biology, chemistry and physics are his choices of electives. Despite his interests in science, he claimed that he still had not learned much about science subjects.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Similar to the other three interviews, we started our conversation by asking him some general questions about technology, such as “Do you welcome the latest technology?”, “Will you talk about technologies with your friends?” etc. We found that he would embrace the latest technology, but he quickly acknowledged that new technology, like everything, always has good and bad sides. As for his daily conversation with his friends, he told us they hardly ever discuss technology with the reason being he and his peers have little knowledge in this area.</p><br />
<br />
<p> Then we asked him about genetic engineering and genetically modified foods. Mr. Siu had not heard of these two, but he speculated that this technology might be related to Dolly, the cloned sheep. Based on this, we surmised that he had not covered the related topics in school yet, and that later questions should be adjusted according to his current level of understanding. Later, we asked whether he thought genetic engineering was mostly good or mostly bad. Initially, he said that it could raise the productivity of society, so it was good. But later, after we introduced certain concerns about this technology to him, he hesitated a little and expressed his agreement to those concerns. In general, however, he maintained that everything had a dual nature. But while proper assessment and regulation from the government are crucial, development of technology could not be hindered.</p><br />
<br />
<p> We then moved beyond genetic engineering and presented to him the definition of synthetic biology. His perspective was simple, that it was quite amazing to be able to design organisms, but quite strange too. Later, we introduced the potential benefits of synthetic biology to him, such as engineering an organism to complete specific tasks, while also covering some of the possible risks, like introducing uncertainties into the eco-system. His view was that everything should be tested and confirmed first before being permitted for widespread use. Although it could be convenient and of help to society’s progress, such ‘live’ constructs could affect us directly and might cause huge troubles. Nevertheless, he still thought this technology was good. At the end of our interviews, we explained our project details to him, and asked for his comments. He simply said that animal tests were a key part of testing, and that the safety of any new treatment should always be confirmed.</p><br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></p>Achievements and Future Work</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p> First and foremost, <b>we believe we managed to obtain a deeper understanding of our interviewees’ perception of synthetic biology</b>. From the four interviews we summarized in the preceding sections, we can appreciate that the <b>flexibility</b> of interviews helps us mine for <b>more specific and deeper insight into people’s attitudes</b>. For example, in the politician’s case, after comprehending that he emphasized more on the social aspect of this technology, we used case studies to investigate his viewpoints. And for the journalist, we gathered some personal perspectives of the relationship between media and synthetic biology in addition to her general view of synthetic biology. </p><br />
<br />
<p>While our four interviews in this pilot test <b>provided a foundation for future interviews, we hope that the range and number of the interviewees can be widened in the future</b> so that a more comprehensive view of Hong Kong people’s attitude and understanding of synthetic biology can be obtained.</p><br />
<br />
<p>During the course of the four interviews, we realized that <b>keeping questions within the context of the interviewee’s level of understanding was more difficult than expected</b>. Thus, if any future iGEM team plans to use a similar approach, we highly suggest that training be conducted for all the interviewers so that they know how to react in the dynamic environment of an interview. iGEM teams who are interested in knowing more can check out a short guide we created for this purpose (see Appendix II).</p><br />
<br />
<p> Lastly, the <b>insights gained through the interviews will enable us to increase the diversity of questions which can be asked in a survey, thus expanding our resource pool for future survey designs</b>. The in-depth questions we asked during the interviews allowed us to observe and appreciate the variety of opinions people had. Most importantly, they allowed us to glimpse at the thought processes and priorities different people have that influence their ultimate stance on synthetic biology. This particular insight will be very useful for future survey designs as it provides us another angle from which to gather information on people’s perceptions.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="clear:both"><br><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/64/Interview_Appendix_I_The_record_of_four_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix I: The Record of our Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<div><p><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/82/Interview_Appendix_II_About_future_interviews.pdf"><font size="3">***Interview Appendix II: Future Interviews***</font></a></p></div><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<div id="Sitemap"><br />
<div id="Sitemap_Home" align="center"><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><b>Home</b></a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Team</b><p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Project</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Target Binding Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Regulation and Control Module</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Wet Lab</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Overview</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Construction">Construction</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Assembly">Assembly</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Logbook">Logbook</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Protocol">Protocol</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Human Practice</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Extras</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#Sitemap{<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c0/HKUST_Campus.jpg');<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-top:5px;<br />
padding-left:4px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
.Sitemap_Content{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:173px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#Sitemap_Home{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:940px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/MembersTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Members2012-09-27T00:29:28Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Members</font></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>SUN Fei (Sara)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/e7/Sara_HKUST_NEW.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>My name is Sun Fei but many of my colleagues usually refer to me as Sara. I am currently a year 2 biology student. For me, iGEM is just like a canvas for a painter. It is a place where great ideas can be sketched on and further colorized. It is the place where beauty of accidents and findings come together. It is the place where I can use my hands to create my world.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Sean CARIM</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/0/09/Sean.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>Life fascinates me. So as an opportunity to do work related to controlling and engineering life, iGEM was too strong a temptation to resist. I feel fortunate to be working alongside a group of dedicated students who share my interests. As a year 2 Biology major I consider the technical aspects of iGEM a refreshing chance to observe science and engineering operating in parallel. I also appreciate it as a rigorous team activity allowing us to improve our understanding both on what it is to be human as well as the dynamics of the bacteria we manipulate. Over the past months I have joined my sub-group members in building our cell wall expression construct and have conducted interviews in accordance with our human practices plans.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>CHAN Yak Nok (Cola)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/ea/Cola.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>My name is Chan Yat Nok Cola, a year 2 student majoring in biochemistry. For me, synthetic biology is an amazing field full of possibilities, mysteries and creativity. It always gives us lots of surprises and inspirations, not to mention the sense of achievement. Thanks to iGEM for providing a chance to work along with a group of people who all have one goal, and for creating a platform to learn with pain and fun. iGEM is really “beautiful” in nature.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Ka Chun MOK</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8a/Mokka.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>I am Ka Chun Mok, a year 2 student studying Molecular Biomedical Sciences in HKUST. In retrospect, I am attracted by the fancy world of biology when I was a high school student. During that time, GM food research was standing in the front line of the scientific field. I was inspired by the magic of synthetic biology that can make many new strains of organisms which are beneficial for the community. After I joined HKUST, I finally have the chance to taste the beauty of synthetic biology by joining then iGEM team. Frankly speaking, doing iGEM is not just being a part of a competition, but also about enjoying the process of doing synthetic biology. Thanks to that, I am glad to be involved in such a meaningful activity.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>SHI Tianxing</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Shi_tianxin.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Shi Tianxing, a year 2 biology student in HKUST. I have always been looking forward to understand more about the life sciences, especially with a group of biology lovers. That’s why I am here in iGEM team to help carry out the whole project. Our sub-group has been working on the recognition and binding of <i> B. subtilis </i> to colon cancer cells throughout the summer months, and I have been deeply involved in the building of our sub-group’s constructs from the first day. I appreciate that iGEM provides us, science beginners, a great opportunity to explore the world of genetic engineering and to share our experience with our friends, family, and other members of society all over the world.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph6" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Carson LAM</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1b/Lam_Ka_Shing.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>Carson is currently a year 2 student under the Molecular Biomedical Sciences program. He participated as a member of the Target Binding Module sub-group.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph7" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>LAI Ka On (Sapphire)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f9/Sapphire.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>Sapphire is currently a year 2 student pursuing a Biochemistry major. She participated as a member of the Target Binding Module sub-group.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph8" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>YU Lai Cheong (Chris)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/dd/Chris.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Yu Lai Cheong. My major is Molecular Biomedical Sciences. I am a year 2 student. Thanks to iGEM, I have received a lot of opportunities to organize things, do research, and deal with problems.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph9" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Chelsilia TANZIL</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/87/Chelsi_new.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>My name is Chelsi, currently in my second year in HKUST studying biochemistry. Joining iGEM as a freshman has given me lots of experience and knowledge, which I probably will never get in any class. Throughout the summer I worked with Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module sub- group to work on constructs which can secrete BMP2, helped with characterization of <i>Ptms</i>, and was in charge of the completion of 2012 HKUST iGEM Poster.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph10" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Christopher LEE</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/7c/Christopher_HKUST.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Christopher Lee. I study Molecular Biomedical Sciences, and am currently a year 2 student. I would like to join iGEM because it is a golden opportunity for me to decide which experiments to conduct on which particular purpose. It helps me to think carefully and to learn how to convince others with the results obtained. How to think is much more important than how to do. It is easy to know how to do since lots of protocols are available. But iGEM provides me with an opportunity to learn how to think and how to design experiments so that the results of our experiments can convince others. That is a critical skill for all scientists. As an iGEM team member, I am responsible for protein characterization.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph11" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>Ilona Christy UNARTA</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/56/Ilona.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am a future Chemist, who is currently still a year 2 student. Joining iGEM team does not only teach me about what synthetic biology is, but also how powerful synthetic biology can be. Through iGEM, I learnt that synthetic biology could be used in many different ways to solve a lot of world problems; just like our project, which focuses on targeting colon cancer. In the HKUST iGEM team, I worked along with Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module sub-group’s members to construct the plasmid consisting of DNA sequence coding for signaling peptide of <i> B. subtilis </i> and <i>Bmp2</i>. I am also helping in the poster design team.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph12" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>LI Yiming (Eric)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b3/Eric_hkust.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Li Yiming. I am currently a second year biochemistry student. I wish to earn the experience in lab work and enjoy the teamwork when doing iGEM. In this project, I collaborated with my teammates to get <i> B. subtilis </i> synthesize and secrete the protein BMP2. Although we came across many unexpected difficulties, we always persisted in our goal together. Spending all my efforts in lab will be the most wonderful memory in my life.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph13" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>WANG Yuqi</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/42/Cosmos_hkust.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Wang Yuqi but in an English speaking community like HKUST, they usually call me Cosmos. As a freshman of biochemistry in the university, I have to swallow a bunch of new information this summer. However, iGEM is about teamwork, and the whole HKUST iGEM team creates a cheerful atmosphere. It allows me, along with other members, to learn, grow and shine.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph14" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>GU Bida</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/78/Gu_Bida.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Bida Gu, currently a second year student in Division of Life Science, HKUST. Starting as a freshman, I have benefited greatly from our iGEM team. What I learned was not only lab techniques but also skills of management and communication. During the past several months, I have helped to build one promoter and characterize two promoters for our team. I hope that in the future I will be able to contribute more to the HKUST iGEM team so that more students will be able to appreciate the beauty of synthetic biology.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph15" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>QI Yi</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/17/Qi_Yi.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Qi Yi. I am a biochemistry majoring student, currently in the second year of my study. I joined iGEM to learn how to do research and biological lab work. Throughout the summer I helped my teammates to work on the construction of BBa_K733009 and the characterization procedures of Regulation and Control Module sub-group</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph16" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>YU Xiaoying (Susie)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b5/Yu.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Yu Xiaoying, a year 1 Biochemistry student. My colleagues usually call me Susie. I was an iGEM Asia Jamboree helper last year. The two-day competition was exciting. I listened to several presentations and got the chance to communicate with other teams’ members. I was attracted by iGEM and decided to participate in it. The whole process is tough but fun. I learned a lot through the months of lab work and human practice work. It was the first time that I spent my days in the lab, planning and carrying out experiments. As an iGEMer you may have the same experience---after weeks of failure, a construct was finally made and confirmed to work. For me that is the most fascinating part of iGEM, of science. I worked on the construction of BBa_K733009, promoters-- <i>Pveg</i>, <i>Ptms</i>, <i>Pxyl</i>, device containing ydcD/ydcE, and human practice. I really enjoy working with my team and best wishes for our team in 2012 iGEM competition! </p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph17" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Leon LEE</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Leon_Lee.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Leon Lee, a second year Electronic Engineering student. Well, sometimes I feel like a freak in the team. After all, how could it be possible that an Electronic student mess around with a bunch of biologists? Well, the reason is that they need someone to write their Wiki page. Programming has always been one of my interests, and it is a great pleasure for me to design our Wiki page. </p></div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph6{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph7{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph8{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph9{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph10{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph11{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph12{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph13{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph14{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph15{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph16{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph17{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<div id="Sitemap"><br />
<div id="Sitemap_Home" align="center"><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><b>Home</b></a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Team</b><p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Project</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Target Binding Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Regulation and Control Module</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Wet Lab</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Overview</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Construction">Construction</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Assembly">Assembly</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Logbook">Logbook</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Protocol">Protocol</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Human Practice</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Extras</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#Sitemap{<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c0/HKUST_Campus.jpg');<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-top:5px;<br />
padding-left:4px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
.Sitemap_Content{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:173px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#Sitemap_Home{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:940px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/MembersTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Members2012-09-27T00:21:14Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Members</font></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>SUN Fei (Sara)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/e7/Sara_HKUST_NEW.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>My name is Sun Fei but many of my colleagues usually refer to me as Sara. I am currently a year 2 biology student. For me, iGEM is just like a canvas for a painter. It is a place where great ideas can be sketched on and further colorized. It is the place where beauty of accidents and findings come together. It is the place where I can use my hands to create my world.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Sean CARIM</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/0/09/Sean.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>Life fascinates me. So as an opportunity to do work related to controlling and engineering life, iGEM was too strong a temptation to resist. I feel fortunate to be working alongside a group of dedicated students who share my interests. As a year 2 Biology major I consider the technical aspects of iGEM a refreshing chance to observe science and engineering operating in parallel. I also appreciate it as a rigorous team activity allowing us to improve our understanding both on what it is to be human as well as the dynamics of the bacteria we manipulate. Over the past months I have joined my sub-group members in building our cell wall expression construct and have conducted interviews in accordance with our human practices plans.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>CHAN Yak Nok (Cola)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/ea/Cola.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>My name is Chan Yat Nok Cola, a year 2 student majoring in biochemistry. For me, synthetic biology is an amazing field full of possibilities, mysteries and creativity. It always gives us lots of surprises and inspirations, not to mention the sense of achievement. Thanks to iGEM for providing a chance to work along with a group of people who all have one goal, and for creating a platform to learn with pain and fun. iGEM is really “beautiful” in nature.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Ka Chun MOK</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8a/Mokka.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>I am Ka Chun Mok, a year 2 student studying Molecular Biomedical Sciences in HKUST. In retrospect, I am attracted by the fancy world of biology when I was a high school student. During that time, GM food research was standing in the front line of the scientific field. I was inspired by the magic of synthetic biology that can make many new strains of organisms which are beneficial for the community. After I joined HKUST, I finally have the chance to taste the beauty of synthetic biology by joining then iGEM team. Frankly speaking, doing iGEM is not just being a part of a competition, but also about enjoying the process of doing synthetic biology. Thanks to that, I am glad to be involved in such a meaningful activity.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>SHI Tianxing</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Shi_tianxin.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Shi Tianxing, a year 2 biology student in HKUST. I have always been looking forward to understand more about the life sciences, especially with a group of biology lovers. That’s why I am here in iGEM team to help carry out the whole project. Our sub-group has been working on the recognition and binding of <i> B. subtilis </i> to colon cancer cells throughout the summer months, and I have been deeply involved in the building of our sub-group’s constructs from the first day. I appreciate that iGEM provides us, science beginners, a great opportunity to explore the world of genetic engineering and to share our experience with our friends, family, and other members of society all over the world.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph6" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Carson LAM</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1b/Lam_Ka_Shing.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>Carson is currently a year 2 student under the Molecular Biomedical Sciences program. He participated as a member of the Target Binding Module sub-group.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph7" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>LAI Ka On (Sapphire)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f9/Sapphire.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>Sapphire is currently a year 2 student pursuing a Biochemistry major. She participated as a member of the Target Binding Module sub-group.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph8" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>YU Lai Cheong (Chris)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/dd/Chris.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Yu Lai Cheong. My major is Molecular Biomedical Sciences. I am a year 2 student. Thanks to iGEM, I have received a lot of opportunities to organize things, do research, and deal with problems.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph9" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Chelsilia TANZIL</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/87/Chelsi_new.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><p>My name is Chelsi, currently in my second year in HKUST studying biochemistry. Joining iGEM as a freshman has given me lots of experience and knowledge, which I probably will never get in any class. Throughout the summer I worked with Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module sub- group to work on constructs which can secrete BMP2, helped with characterization of <i>Ptms</i>, and was in charge of the completion of 2012 HKUST iGEM Poster.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph10" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Christopher LEE</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/7c/Christopher_HKUST.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Christopher Lee. I study Molecular Biomedical Sciences, and am currently a year 2 student. I would like to join iGEM because it is a golden opportunity for me to decide which experiments to conduct on which particular purpose. It helps me to think carefully and to learn how to convince others with the results obtained. How to think is much more important than how to do. It is easy to know how to do since lots of protocols are available. But iGEM provides me with an opportunity to learn how to think and how to design experiments so that the results of our experiments can convince others. That is a critical skill for all scientists. As an iGEM team member, I am responsible for protein characterization.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph11" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>Ilona Christy UNARTA</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/56/Ilona.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am a future Chemist, who is currently still a year 2 student. Joining iGEM team does not only teach me about what synthetic biology is, but also how powerful synthetic biology can be. Through iGEM, I learnt that synthetic biology could be used in many different ways to solve a lot of world problems; just like our project, which focuses on targeting colon cancer. In the HKUST iGEM team, I worked along with Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module sub-group’s members to construct the plasmid consisting of DNA sequence coding for signaling peptide of <i> B. subtilis </i> and <i>Bmp2</i>. I am also helping in the poster design team.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph12" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>LI Yiming (Eric)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b3/Eric_hkust.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Li Yiming. I am currently a second year biochemistry student. I wish to earn the experience in lab work and enjoy the teamwork when doing iGEM. In this project, I collaborated with my teammates to get <i> B. subtilis </i> synthesize and secrete the protein BMP2. Although we came across many unexpected difficulties, we carried on together. We felt no regret about spending all our efforts in lab, which will be the most wonderful memories in our life.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph13" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>WANG Yuqi</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/42/Cosmos_hkust.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Wang Yuqi but in an English speaking community like HKUST, they usually call me Cosmos. As a freshman of biochemistry in the university, I have to swallow a bunch of new information this summer. However, iGEM is about teamwork, and the whole HKUST iGEM team creates a cheerful atmosphere. It allows me, along with other members, to learn, grow and shine.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph14" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>GU Bida</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/78/Gu_Bida.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Bida Gu, currently a second year student in Division of Life Science, HKUST. Starting as a freshman, I have benefited greatly from our iGEM team. What I learned was not only lab techniques but also skills of management and communication. During the past several months, I have helped to build one promoter and characterize two promoters for our team. I hope that in the future I will be able to contribute more to the HKUST iGEM team so that more students will be able to appreciate the beauty of synthetic biology.</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph15" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>QI Yi</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/17/Qi_Yi.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Qi Yi. I am a biochemistry majoring student, currently in the second year of my study. I joined iGEM to learn how to do research and biological lab work. Throughout the summer I helped my teammates to work on the construction of BBa_K733009 and the characterization procedures of Regulation and Control Module sub-group</p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph16" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>YU Xiaoying (Susie)</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b5/Yu.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>I am Yu Xiaoying, a year 1 Biochemistry student. My colleagues usually call me Susie. I was an iGEM Asia Jamboree helper last year. The two-day competition was exciting. I listened to several presentations and got the chance to communicate with other teams’ members. I was attracted by iGEM and decided to participate in it. The whole process is tough but fun. I learned a lot through the months of lab work and human practice work. It was the first time that I spent my days in the lab, planning and carrying out experiments. As an iGEMer you may have the same experience---after weeks of failure, a construct was finally made and confirmed to work. For me that is the most fascinating part of iGEM, of science. I worked on the construction of BBa_K733009, promoters-- <i>Pveg</i>, <i>Ptms</i>, <i>Pxyl</i>, device containing ydcD/ydcE, and human practice. I really enjoy working with my team and best wishes for our team in 2012 iGEM competition! </p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph17" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Leon LEE</h1><br />
</div><div style="float:left;background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Leon_Lee.jpg'); height:200px;width:200px;"></div><br />
<div style="float:right;width:720px;"><br />
<p>My name is Leon Lee, a second year Electronic Engineering student. Well, sometimes I feel like a freak in the team. After all, how could it be possible that an Electronic student mess around with a bunch of biologists? Well, the reason is that they need someone to write their Wiki page. Programming has always been one of my interests, and it is a great pleasure for me to design our Wiki page. </p></div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph6{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph7{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph8{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph9{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph10{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph11{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph12{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph13{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph14{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph15{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph16{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph17{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<div id="Sitemap"><br />
<div id="Sitemap_Home" align="center"><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><b>Home</b></a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Team</b><p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Project</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Target Binding Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Regulation and Control Module</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Wet Lab</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Overview</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Construction">Construction</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Assembly">Assembly</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></li><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Logbook">Logbook</a></p><br />
<p>-- <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook/Protocol">Protocol</a></p><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Human Practice</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Sitemap_Content"><br />
<li><p><b>Extras</b></p><ol><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></li><br />
<li><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></li></ol><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#Sitemap{<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c0/HKUST_Campus.jpg');<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-top:5px;<br />
padding-left:4px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
.Sitemap_Content{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:173px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#Sitemap_Home{<br />
background-color:#ffffff;<br />
opacity:0.8;<br />
width:940px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin:1px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/MembersTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Members2012-09-26T14:36:47Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Members</font></p></div><br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>SUN Fei (Sara)</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Sun Fei but many of my colleagues usually refer to me as Sara. I am currently a year 2 biology student. For me, iGEM is just like a canvas for painter. It is a place where great ideas can be sketched on and further colorized. It is the place where beauty of accident and finding come together. It is the place where I can use my hands to create my world.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Sean CARIM</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Life fascinates me. So as an opportunity to do work related to controlling and engineering life, iGEM was too strong a temptation to resist. I feel fortunate to be working alongside a group of dedicated students who share my interests. As a year 2 Biology major I consider the technical aspects of iGEM a refreshing chance to observe science and engineering operating in parallel. I also appreciate it as a rigorous team activity allowing us to improve our understanding both on what it is to be human as well as the dynamics of the bacteria we manipulate. Over the past months I have joined my sub-group members in building our cell wall expression construct and have conducted interviews in accordance with our human practices plans.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>CHAN Yak Nok (Cola)</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Chan Yat Nok Cola, a year 2 student who is majoring in biochemistry. For me, synthetic biology is an amazing field full of possibilities, mysteries and creativity. It always gives us lots of surprises and inspirations and not to mention the sense of achievement. Thanks to iGEM for providing a chance to work along with group of people who have one goal, and as a platform to learn with pain and fun. iGEM is really “beautiful” in nature.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph4" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Ka Chun MOK</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am Ka Chun Mok, a year 1 student studying Molecular Biomedical Sciences in HKUST along with my iGEM teammates. In retrospect, I am attracted by the fancy world of biology when I was a high school student. During that time, GM food research was standing in the front line of the scientific field. I was inspired by the magic of synthetic biology that can make many new strains of organisms, which is beneficial for the whole community. After I joined HKUST, I finally have the chance to taste the beauty of synthetic biology by joining then iGEM competition. Frankly speaking, doing iGEM is not just being a part of a competition but enjoying the process of doing synthetic biology. Thanks to that, I am glad to be involved in such a meaningful activity.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph5" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>SHI Tianxing</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am Shi Tianxing, a year 1 biology student in HKUST. I have always been looking forward to understand more about life science, especially with a group of biology lovers. That’s why I am here in iGEM team to help carry out the whole project. Our sub-group has been working on the recognition and binding of <i> B. subtilis </i> to colon cancer cells throughout the months, and I have been deeply involved in the building of our sub-group’s constructs from the first day. I appreciate that iGEM provides us, science beginners, a great opportunity to explore the world of genetic engineering and to share our experience with our friends, family, and other members of society all over the world.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph6" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Carson LAM</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Carson is currently a year 2 student studying under the Molecular Biomedical Sciences program. He participated as a member of the Cell Wall Binding System wet lab sub-group.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph7" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>LAI Ka On (Sapphire)</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Sapphire is currently a year 2 student pursuing a Biochemistry major. She participated as a member of the Cell Wall Binding System wet lab sub-group.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph8" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>YU Lai Cheong (Chris)</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am Yu Lai Cheong. My major is Molecular Biomedical Sciences. I am a year 2 student. Thanks to iGEM, it gave me the opportunity to organize things, do research and deal with problem.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph9" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Chelsilia TANZIL</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Chelsi, currently in my second year in HKUST studying biochemistry. Joining iGEM as a freshman has given me lots of experiences and knowledge, which I will not be able to get in any class. Throughout the summer I worked with Protein Synthesis group to work on constructs which can secrete BMP-2, helped with characterization of pTms and responsible for the completion of 2012 HKUST iGEM Poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph10" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>Christopher LEE</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am Christopher Lee. I study Molecular Biomedical Sciences, and currently a year 2 student. I would like to join iGEM because it is a golden opportunity for me to decide which experiments to conduct on which particular purpose. It helps me to think carefully and to learn how to convince others with the results obtained. How to think is much more important than how to do. It is easy to know how to do since there are lots of protocols. But iGEM provides me with an opportunity to learn how to think and how to design experiments so that the results of our experiments can convince others. That is a critical skill for all scientists. Mainly I am responsible for protein characterization.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph11" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>Ilona Christy UNARTA</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am a future Chemist, who is currently a year 2 student. Joining iGEM team does not only teach me about what synthetic biology is, but also how powerful synthetic biology can be. Through iGEM, I learnt that synthetic biology could be used in many different ways to solve a lot of world problems, just like our project, which focuses on targeting colon cancer drug. In the HKUST iGEM team, I worked along with protein synthesis group’s members to construct the plasmid consisting of signaling peptide of <i> B. subtilis </i> and BMP-2 (anti-tumor chemokine) gene. I am also helping in the poster design team.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph12" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>LI Yiming (Eric)</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Li Yiming. I am currently a second year biochemistry student. I wish to earn the experience in lab work and enjoy the teamwork when doing iGEM. In this project, I collaborated with my teammates to get <i> B. subtilis </i> synthesize and secrete out the protein BMP-2. Although we came across many unexpected problems, we carried on together. We felt no regret about spending all our efforts in lab, which will be the most wonderful memories in our life.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph13" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>WANG Yuqi</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am Wang Yuqi but in English speaking community like HKUST, they usually call me Cosmos. As a freshman of biochemistry in the university, I have to swallow a bunch of new information this summer. However, iGEM is about teamwork, and the whole HKUST iGEM team creates a cheerful atmosphere. It allows me along with other members to learn, grow and shine together.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph14" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>GU Bida</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Bida Gu, currently a second year student in Division of Life Science, HKUST. Starting as a freshman, I have benefited greatly from our iGEM team. What I learned was not only lab techniques but also skills of management and communication. During the past several months, I have helped to build one promoter and characterize two promoters for our team. I hope that in the future I will be able to contribute more to the HKUST iGEM team so that more students will be able to appreciate the beauty of synthetic biology.</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph15" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="right"><br />
<h1>QI Yi</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Qi Yi. I am a biochemistry majoring student, who is currently in the second year of my study. I joined iGEM to learn how to do research and biological lab work. Throughout the summer I helped my teammates to work on RBS+GFP+Terminator construct, including the characterization procedures with cell death group</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph16" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="center"><br />
<h1>YU Xiaoying (Susie)</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>I am Yu Xiaoying, a year 1 Biochemistry student. My colleagues usually call me Susie. I was an iGEM Asia Jamboree helper last year. The two-day competition was exciting. I listened to several presentations and got the chance to communicate with other teams’ members. I was attracted by iGEM and decided to participate in it. The whole process is tough but fun. I learned a lot through the months of lab work and human practice work. It was the first time that I spent day by day in the lab, planned and carried out some experiment. As an iGEMer you may have the same experience---after weeks of failure, a construct was finally made out and confirmed work. For me that is the most fascinating part of iGEM, of science. I was working on RBS+GFP+terminator construct, promoters-- pVeg, pTms, pXyl, operon contains ydcD/ydcE and human practice part. I really enjoy working with my team and best wishes for our team in 2012 iGEM competition! </p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph17" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Leon LEE</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>My name is Leon Lee, a second year Electronic Engineering student. Well, sometimes I feel like a freak in the team. After all, what is an Electronic student messing up around with a bunch of biologist? Well, the reason is that they need someone to write their Wiki page. Programming has always been one of my interests, and it is a great pleasure for me to design our Wiki page. </p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph4{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph5{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph6{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph7{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph8{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph9{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph10{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph11{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph12{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph13{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph14{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph15{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph16{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph17{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T13:32:59Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. There is few case that human beings are infected by <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possesses low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only for its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em>, but also its advantages in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissues can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is preferred because of its high ability in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane, only with a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we are aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Without the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall binding modules from cell wall bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying serves as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut either. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T13:26:54Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. There is few case that human beings are infected by <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possesses low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only for its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em>, but also its advantages in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissues can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is preferred because of its high ability in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane, only with a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we are aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Without the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall binding modules from cell wall bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying serves as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T13:12:29Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. There is few case that human beings are infected by <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possesses low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only for its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em>, but also its advantages in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissues can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T13:06:52Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. There is few case that human beings are infected by <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possesses low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only for its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em>, but also its advantages in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T13:03:04Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. There is few case that human beings are infected by <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possesses low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only because of its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em> but also because of its advantage in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T12:58:05Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. There is few case that human beings are infected by <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In the other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possess low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only because of its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em> but also because of its advantage in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T12:50:04Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part of normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. Rarely has infection case in human been revealed resulting from <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In the other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possess low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only because of its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em> but also because of its advantage in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T12:47:25Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize the biohazardous effect involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. Rarely has infection case in human been revealed resulting from <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In the other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possess low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only because of its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em> but also because of its advantage in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Design Chassis2012-09-26T12:34:57Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:270px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/HKUST_Logo_Final.jpg');<br />
background-size:270px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:right;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_iGEM_Logl{<br />
width:114px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg');<br />
background-size:104px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Side_Bar{<br />
clear:both;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:750px;<br />
background-color:#CCFFCC;<br />
float:right;<br />
border:3px solid #99FF99;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Bar{<br />
background-color:#FFDDDD;<br />
border:3px solid #FF9999;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
width:265px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
padding-bottom:10px;<br />
margin-bottom:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#News_Content{<br />
border:1px solid #FF9999;<br />
width:250px;<br />
height:200px;<br />
overflow:auto;<br />
border-radius:6px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:6px;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</head><br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Main_Page"><img id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png"></a><br />
<a href="http://www.ust.hk"><img id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src=""></a><br />
<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong"><img id="HKUST_iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/43/295197_446935765350523_472857901_n.jpg"></a><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Overview">Design - Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Module">Design - Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Design_Chassis">Design - Chassis</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Future_Work">Future Work</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Medal_Requirements">Medal Requirements</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Attribution">Attribution</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">Design - Chassis</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize biohazards involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. Rarely has infection case in human been revealed resulting from <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In the other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possess low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only because of its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em> but also because of its advantage in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of <i>BMP2</i> gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collin and Gibson 1999) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza et al. 1992). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>References: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg,S.C.. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley H. M., Merchante R. and Karamata D.. 1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. <em>Microb. Drug Resist</em>.2:9–15.<br /><br />
Collins M. D. and Gibson G. R.. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. <i>Am. J. Clin. Nutr.</i> 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza G.R., Benati G., Strocchi A., Sorge M. &amp; Gasbarrini G.. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/ModuleTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Module2012-09-24T16:31:27Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaiton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Device</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">MODULE</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p align=center>Target Binding Module</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>YOURWIKITEXT</p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph2" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p align=center>Anti-tumor Molecule Secretion Module</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>As our team objective is to provide a specific and efficient drug for Colon cancer, the way of drug synthesis and releasing is a significant part of our whole project. Hence this module is focusing on the production and delivery of anti-tumor drug......<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumor">click to see more</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="paragraph3" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1><p align=center>Regulation and Control Module</p></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Our module aims at regulating our synthetic bacteria B. hercules. We first introduce a xylose inducible promoter, which can help us control the timing of BMP-2 expression. Our choice of xylose as an inducer stems from its induction efficiency, its little existence and low absorption rate in colon......<a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">click here to see more</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph2{<br />
background-color:#FFEDFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFA1FF;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
#paragraph3{<br />
background-color:#FFFFDD;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFA1;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
<br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/AchievementTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Achievement2012-09-24T16:03:29Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">ACHIEVEMENT</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>From the day when our project was first proposed in mid-March to the day when we stop wet lab work in mid-September, we, our 2012 HKUST iGEM team have been working on our project for almost six months. In our six-month iGEM life, we spent three month in wet lab. <br /><br />
We are proud to say that within the three months, we have achieved the following:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Successfully constructing the parts for displaying recognition peptide, RPMrel, on the cell wall of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. (BBa_733007)</li><br />
<li>Successfully constructing two parts for BMP2 synthesis and excretion using signaling peptide ybdN and ydjM respectively. (BBa_733016, BBa_K733017)</li><br />
<li>Successfully constructing cell growth inhibitory device for regulating BMP2 production (BBa_K733012)</li><br />
<li>Successfully characterize the low efficiency promoter pTms which used to drive the expression of antitoxin ydcD. (BBa_K733009, BBa_K733018)</li><br />
<li>Successfully characterize xylose inducible promoter which used to control the expression of BMP2 and toxin ydcE.</li><br />
<li>Successfully characterize cell growth inhibition device.</li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_DeviceTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Parts and Device2012-09-24T16:01:03Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">PROJECT AND DEVICES</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1>Parts and devices overview</h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>The 2012 HKUST iGEM team has submitted 18 biobricks in total. A full list of biobricks has been attached with this page.<br /><br />
For the target binding module, two biobrick are built to display the colon tumor recognition peptide, RPMrel, on the cell wall of <i>B. subtilis</i>. In anti-tumor molecule synthesis module, two biobricks are built for BMP2 synthesis and secretion whiel the other five were built to facilitate the accomplishment of BMP2 synthesis. 11 Biobricks are built for cell growth inhibitory module. They are mainly used to driven the toxin-antitoxin system and control the expression of BMP2.<u> They are sorted by module as shown in this page.</u><br /><br />
Among all 18 parts, three of them are well characterized. They are BBa_K733009, a GFP generator driven by pTms promoter; BBa_K733018, a GFP generator driven by xylose inducible promoter and BBa_K733012, the cell growth inhibitory device.<u> For detailed characterization data please refer to the information of these three biobricks or our characterization section on wiki.</u><br /><br />
To convenient the future igem team in using and searching for biobricks, we also sorted our biobricks based on their type. <u>Detailed information please refer to here.</u></p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/ExpectationTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Expectation2012-09-24T15:59:53Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">EXPECTATION</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Through assembly of the target binding module, anti-tumor drug synthesis module and regulatory module, we would to introduce our genetically engineered <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, B. hercules, as an anti-colon-tumor agent to provide direct tumoricidal effect during cancer therapy. It is applied as<u> oral medicine</u> which retains viability through digestive tract and executes anti-tumor activity when and only when it is binding to colon cancer cell. </p><br />
<p>Driven by pVeg constitutive promoter, RPMrel, the colon-tumor specific peptide will be displayed on the cell wall of B. hercules under the facilitation of LytC cell wall displaying system before it is orally intake. When B. Hercules is taken orally by patient, it is expected to reach colon after <strong>8 hours</strong> without retaining or colonizing in gastrointestinal tract. However, once it reaches colon, it will be held up around colon tumor cells and colonize around them, waiting for signal to produce anti-tumor molecule, BMP2 to the local environment. <br /><br />
Since the expression of BMP2 is controlled by xylose inducible promoter and no xylose is present in colon, xylose is taken orally or injected from anus to induce the production of BMP2 when B. Hercules has successfully localized around colon tumor. The locally concentrated BMP2 is expected to suppress colon tumor grow and trigger the apoptosis of tumor while the low level BMP2 in colon introduces as little adverse effect as possible to normal colon tissues. <br /><br />
When BMP2 is intensively produced under the inducing from xylose, controlling by the same promoter, the expression of toxin ydcE will overwhelm the protection threshold from antitoxin ydcD. The overexpression of toxin with BMP2 production is to cause the suicide of B. hurcules and prevent any adverse effect from BMP overdose.</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/ChassisTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Chassis2012-09-24T15:58:31Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">CHASSIS</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>Considering the requirements of our project, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, a Gram-positive model organism in lab study, is chosen to be the chassis in our project. Its ideality can be illustrated in the following aspects: </p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Safety</li><br />
<br />
<p>Safety issues concerning synthetic biology are always challenged, especially when it comes to the area of medical treatment. From bacteria hosts to biowastes, the public has never ceased to raise worries. To ease concerns from the public, researchers try their best to minimize biohazards involved in every step of their experiments. Regarding safety issues, we, 2012 HKUST iGEM team, therefore chose to use <em>B. subtilis</em>, a non-pathogenic chassis.</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>Low degree of virulence:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Inhabiting gut as a part normal flora, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is considered to be a non-pathogenic organism to human. Rarely has infection case in human been revealed resulting from <em>B. subtilis</em>. According to Edberg (Edberg, 1991), <em>B. subtilis</em> does not produce significant quantities of extracellular enzymes or possess other virulence factors that would predispose it to cause infection. In the other word, <em>B. subtilis</em> possess low virulence to human and presents low risk of adverse effects to human health. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Establishment of Integration vectors:</li><br />
<br />
<p align="left">The discovery of natural integration in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> raised great attention in the field of molecular genetics in 1978. Due to its natural integration, a series of integration vectors for <em>B. subtilis</em> were designed later for different purposes. In our project, we employed an integration vector not only because of its stability in <em>B. subtilis</em> but also because of its advantage in safety. The employment of integration vector to some extent minimizes the risk of antibiotic resistance spreading within the normal flora in gut. In addition, since the exposure of BMP2 to normal tissue can induce adverse effect, integrating target genes into genome can reduce the chance of spreading of BMP2 gene through horizontal gene transfer and avoid non-specific drug release in gut. </p></ol><br />
<br />
<li>Protein secretion:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Comparing with <em>E. coli</em>, another commonly used chassis in iGEM, <em>Bacillus subtili</em>s is preferred because of its high capacity in secreting proteins to extracellular environment. As a Gram-positive eubacteria, <em>B. subtilis</em> lacks an outer membrane and only a layer of 10 to 50nm peptidoglycan outside cytoplasmic membrane. Thus <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> can secrete proteins directly into the extracellular environment. Since we were aiming for bacterial secretion of BMP2 out to the colon, this property suits our purposes well. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Peptide displaying:</li><br />
<br />
<p>Lacking the outer membrane, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> is ideal for peptide displaying. The cell wall of <em>B. subtilis</em> is the surface of the bacterium and contains approximately 9% of the total protein. The discovery and study in cell wall-binding modules from cell wall-bound proteins provides an attractive tool for surface display of peptide. (Pooley et al. 1996) Aiming to display the tumor-binding peptide, RPMrel, on bacteria surface, we decided to take advantage of the cell wall displaying system, LytC, in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. Thus, the ease of peptide displaying served as one of our reasons to choose <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis. </p><br />
<br />
<li>Normal flora in gut:</li><br />
<br />
<p><em>B. subtilis</em> not only exists widely in the nature, but also contributes to part of the normal flora in gut. (Collon M.D. &amp; Gibson G.R.) Regarded as a probiotic, it has been proved to have positive effects on patients suffering from gaseous symptom (Corazza1 et al). Using <em>B. subtilis</em> as our chassis, in theory, will not introduce any exotic species into gut as well. </p></ol><br />
<p><strong>Reference: </strong><br /><br />
Edberg, S.C. 1991. US EPA human health assessment: <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>. Unpublished, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.<br /><br />
Pooley, H. M., R. Merchante, and D. Karamata.<strong> </strong>1996. Overall protein content and induced enzyme components of the periplasm of <em>Bacillus</em> <em>subtilis</em>. Microb. <em>Drug Resist</em>. <strong>2:</strong>9–15.<br /><br />
Collins, M. D., and G. R. Gibson. 1999. Probiotics, prebioticsand synbiotics: Approaches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69:1052S–1057S<br /><br />
Corazza1 G.R., G. Benati, A. Strocchi, M. Sorge &amp; G. Gasbarrini. 1992. Treatment with <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces intestinal hydrogen production in patients with gaseous symptoms. <em>Current therapeutic research. </em>52.1: 144-151</p><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumorTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Module/Anti tumor2012-09-24T15:56:40Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">DRUG SYNTHESIZING MODULE</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>As our team objective is to provide a specific and efficient drug for Colon cancer, the way of drug synthesis and release is a significant part of our whole project. Hence this module is focusing on the production and delivery of anti-tumor drug. Synthesis of the drug is achieved by engineering bacteriawhich is able to produce and secrete anti-tumor molecule. Release of anti-tumor molecule to extracellular system is attained by secretion of recombinant gene product under the facilitation of signaling peptide. </p><br><br />
<p>Among hundreds of studied anti-tumor chemokine, BMP-2, Bone morphogenetic protein 2 has caught our attention as the &ldquo;drug&rdquo; of our project. BMP-2 is a signaling molecule in BMP pathway, which belongs to the TGF-β superfamily. One function of BMP pathway is to induce cell differentiation, especially in the development of bone and cartilage. BMP stimulates the formation of bone by inducing the cell differentiation of bone cells. On the other hand, BMP-2 has also been suggested to have high apoptotic activity towards colon cancer cells (Beck <em>et al.,</em> 2005). According to Beck <em>et al.</em>, Colon cancers which are treated with 100 ng/mL BMP-2 for 48 hours show significant decrease in cell growth. Hence, it is a potential drug to fight colon cancer. Therefore, we incorporate mature BMP-2 gene in our construct and transform it into our chosen bacterial vector. </p><br><p>Furthermore, choice of chassis also has important role to ensure the secretion BMP-2. <em>B. subtilis,</em> which is a probiotic, is chosen as the chassis because of its harmless activity towards human, and high secretory activity which is important for delivery of BMP-2 to the environment. To mimic the secretory activity of <em>B.subtilis</em>, we add signaling peptide type I gene, which works mostly through secretory pathway, at the upstream of BMP-2 in our construct (Tjalsma <em>et al, </em>2000). That way, signaling peptide is translated together with BMP-2 as a whole peptide, and delivered to the cell membrane. Once it reaches cell membrane, BMP-2 is separated from signaling peptide by signal peptidase (Spase). BMP-2 is then transferred outside the cell and fold into its native conformation, while signal peptide is degraded by signal peptide peptidase (SPPases) (Tjalsma <em>et al, </em>2000). </p><br><br />
<p>However, among hundreds of signaling peptide, we need to choose signaling peptide that allows the secretion of correct mature BMP-2 in appropriate amount. Therefore we choose YbdN, which is the highest efficiency signaling peptide and YdjM, the signaling peptide whichsupport accurate cleavage from Spase. . We had not been able to choose between the two choices until we construct two constructs consisting of YdjM or YbdN gene at the upstream of BMP-2 gene and characterize both signaling peptide. </p><br><br />
<p>Although research has shown E.coli can produce BMP-2 (Yuvaraj et al, 2012). No one has made a recombinant protein BMP-2 in B. <em>subtilis</em>. We need to test the function of BMP-2 produced from B. <em>subtilis</em>. This is also the achievement of our group.</p><br><br />
<p>&nbsp;</p><br />
<p>References <br /><br />
Beck, S. E., Jung, B. H., Fiorino, A., Gomez, J., Del Rosario, E., Cabrera, B. L., Huang, S. C., Chow, J. Y. C., &amp; Carethers J.M. (2006). Bone morphogenetic protein signaling and growth suppression in colon cancer.&nbsp;<em>The American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology</em>,&nbsp;<em>291</em>(1), G135-G145.</p><br />
<p>Ernesto, C. (2000). &ldquo;Skeletal Growth Factors&rdquo;. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS&amp;WILKINS.</p><br />
<p>Hardwick,J.C., Van Den Brink,G.R., Bleuming,S.A., Ballester,I., Van Den<br /><br />
Brande,J.M., Keller,J.J., Offerhaus,G.J., Van Deventer,S.J., Peppelenbosch,M.P., 2004.<br /><br />
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 is expressed by, and acts upon, mature epithelial cells in<br /><br />
the colon. Gastroenterology 2004. Jan. ;126. (1):111. -21. 126, 111-121. </p><br />
<p>Saravanan Yuvaraj, Sa&rsquo;ad H. Al-Lahham, Rajesh Somasundaram, Patrick A. Figaroa, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch, and Nicolaas A. Bos, <em>E. coli</em>-Produced BMP-2 as a Chemopreventive Strategy for Colon Cancer: A Proof-of-Concept Study.&nbsp;<em>Gastroenterology Research and Practice</em>, vol. 2012, Article ID 895462, 6 pages, 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/895462</p><br />
<p>Tjalsma, H., Bolhuis, A., Jongbloed, J. D. H., Bron, S., &amp; Dijl, J. M. V. (2000). Signal peptide-dependent protein transport in <i>bacillus subtilis</i>: a genome-based survey of the secretome.&nbsp;<em>Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews</em>,&nbsp;<em>64</em>(3), 515-547.</p><br />
</div><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Last Module</a></p><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Next Module</a></p><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_controlTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Module/Regulation and control2012-09-24T15:56:05Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">REGULATION AND CONTROL MODULE</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p><strong>Overview:</strong><br /><br />
Our module aims at regulating our synthetic bacteria <em>B. hercules. </em>We first introduce a xylose inducible promoter, which can help us control the timing of BMP-2 expression. Our choice of xylose as an inducer stems from its induction efficiency, its little existence and low absorption rate in colon.<a href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title="" id="_ftnref1"> </a>(Yuasa et al., 1997) Besides the timing regulation, we introduce a cell growth inhibition device to prevent the overexpression of BMP-2. This device is achieved by a balance between a toxin and antitoxin pair ydcE and ydcD. By these two regulation systems, our <em>B. hercules</em> can produce more reliable and controllable performance.</p><br />
<p><strong>Objective:</strong></p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>To regulate the expression of BMP-2 by a xylose inducible promoter. (Timing regulation)</li><br />
<li>To control the overexpression of BMP-2. (Dosage regulation)</li><br />
</ol><br />
<p><strong>Our Module in <em>B. hercules:</em></strong></p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><em>The inducible promoter.</em></li><br />
<p>In the consideration of our <em>B. hercules</em>, one of our concerns is that our bacteria secrete BMP-2 before its binding with colon cancer cells. As a growth factor, while BMP-2 triggers the apoptosis of colon cancer cell, it can also stimulate the proliferation of normal epithelial cells in digestive tract. <a href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title="" id="_ftnref2"> </a>(Zhang et al., 2012) Thus, we intend to introduce a timing regulatory system into our <em>B. hercules</em>, which can be achieved by an inducible promoter.<br /><br /><br />
Admittedly, there are various kinds of induction systems in <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. However, to achieve the induction when our <em>B. hercules</em> is inside human colon, two conditions are required: first, the condition should not occur normally <em>in vivo</em>, but can be created in human colon; secondly, the inducer should not vitiate the healthy state of an individual. Besides, the efficiency of the induction is not required, but will be considerably helpful.<br /><br /><br />
With those questions in mind, xylose is chosen as our inducer for <em>B. hercules.</em> It is the main building block for hemicellulose, which can only be found in plant. Largely absorbed in jejunum before reaching colon, xylose is not present in colon.1(Yuasa et al., 1997) Besides, the absorption rate of xylose in colon is low. Thus, well scheduled diet and medication can prevent the interaction of xylose and <em>B. hercules</em> before intestine and induction can therefore achieved by xylose delivered in enteric capsule or from anus. . <br /><br /><br />
Besides its rare existence in the human colon, xylose is an efficient inducer as for PxylA promoter. When ligated with gene <em>bgaB</em>, 200-fold induction was achieved 30 minutes after the induction of xylose.<a href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title="" id="_ftnref3"> </a> (Kim, L. et al. 1996)<br /><br /><br />
</p><br />
<li><em>The Cell Growth Inhibition Device.</em></li><br />
<p> Considering the unexpected proliferation of normal colon cells caused by over-dose BMP-2, a regulatory system is necessary for the dosage control of BMP-2 expression.2 (Zhang et al., 2012)<br /><br /><br />
In order to build this system, we came up with a cell growth inhibition device to regulate. Understanding that toxin-antitoxin operons exist abundantly in bacteria, we intend to link the expression of BMP-2 with a toxin gene. However, the only existence of the toxin gene is not enough. Stabilization, to a certain extent, is necessary, so that our <em>B. hercules</em> will not die after a low level of BMP-2 expression.<br /><br /><br />
In order to implement the ideas above, a toxin-antitoxin pair – ydcE and ydcD – is used. ydcE can encode an endoribonuclease – EndoA, which can cause cell growth inhibition. (For specific information, please click<u> here</u>) On the other hand, ydcD can encode YdcD, counteracting the effect of EndoA. <a href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title="" id="_ftnref4"> </a>(Pellegrini, O. et al. 2005) By linking ydcE immediately after BMP-2 gene, and put ydcD after pTms promoter, a relatively low efficient constitutive promoter, EndoA can be expressed simultaneously with the expression of BMP-2 under the control of xylose inducible promoter, and cell growth inhibition will not occur until the produced EndoA outweighs the effect of accumulated YdcD.</p></ol><br />
<div><br><br><br />
<p>Reference:</p><br />
<div id="ftn1"><br />
<a href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title="" id="_ftn1"> </a> Yuasa, H., Kuno, C., &amp; Watanabe, J. (1997). Comparative assessment of D-xylose absorption between small intestine and large intestine..&nbsp;<em>The journal of pharmacy and pharmocology</em>,<em>49</em>, 26-29. </div><br />
<div id="ftn2"><br />
<p><a href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title="" id="_ftn2"> </a> Zhang J, Ge Y, Sun L, Cao J, Wu Q, Guo L, Wang Z. Effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells.&nbsp;<em>Int J Med Sci</em>&nbsp;2012; 9(2):184-192. </p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="ftn3"><br />
<p><a href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title="" id="_ftn3"> </a> Kim, L., Mogk, A., &amp; Schumann, W. (1996). A xylose-inducible <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> integration vector and its application.&nbsp;<em>Gene</em>,&nbsp;<em>181</em>(1-2), 71-76. </p><br />
</div><br />
<div id="ftn4"><br />
<p><a href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title="" id="_ftn4"> </a> Pellegrini, O., Mathy, N., Gogos, A., Shapiro, L., &amp; Condon, C. (2005). The <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> ydcDE operon encodes an endoribonuclease of the MazFPemK family and its inhibitor.<em>Molecular Microbiology</em>,&nbsp;<em>56</em>(5), 1139-1148. </p><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Anti_tumorTeam:HKUST-Hong Kong/Module/Anti tumor2012-09-24T15:54:42Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div><html><br />
<head><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js"></script><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(document).ready(function(){<br />
$('#Team').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Team').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Project').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"10px 10px 10px #222222", top:"-5px", left:"-5px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#Extras').stop(true,false).animate({boxShadow:"0px 0px 0px #222222", top:"0px", left:"0px"},100);<br />
});<br />
$('#Team').click(function(){<br />
$('#Team_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Project').click(function(){<br />
$('#Project_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Wet_lab').click(function(){<br />
$('#Wet_lab_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Human_practice').click(function(){<br />
$('#Human_practice_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#Extras').click(function(){<br />
$('#Extras_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseover(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"0px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').mouseleave(function(){<br />
$('#menubar.right-menu').stop().animate({top:"-40px"},500);<br />
});<br />
$('#News_Click').click(function(){<br />
$('#News_Content').slideToggle("slow");<br />
});<br />
});<br />
<br />
</script><br />
<br />
<title>Team:HKUST-Hong Kong - 2012.igem.org</title><br />
<br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
.firstHeading {<br />
height:0px;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
}<br />
#content {<br />
border-left-width:1px;<br />
border-right-width:1px;<br />
width:965px;<br />
}<br />
#top-section { <br />
background-position: center center; <br />
background-repeat: no-repeat; <br />
background-color: #92d2ff;<br />
border-width:0px;<br />
height:0;<br />
}<br />
#siteSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#contentSub {<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
#search-controls {<br />
margin-top:14px;<br />
}<br />
#menubar { <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
top: -4px;<br />
width: 488px;<br />
height:40px;<br />
position:absolute;<br />
top:-40px;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar ul li a { <br />
color: #007da6;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#menubar.right-menu{<br />
positon:relative;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.right-menu li a { <br />
color: #007da6; <br />
background-color: #000000;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#search-controls{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Notebook_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#FFDDFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#Modeling_Content{<br />
width:200px;<br />
margin-left:10px;<br />
margin-right:10px;<br />
background-color:#DDFFFF;<br />
display:none;<br />
height:auto;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#topHeader{<br />
width:965px;<br />
height:320px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.firstHeading{<br />
width:950px;<br />
alignment-adjust:right;<br />
visibility:hidden;<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#contentSub{<br />
display:none;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#globalWrapper{<br />
background-color:#999;<br />
}<br />
<br />
#content {<br />
background-color: #FFF;<br />
border-left-color:#FFF;<br />
border-right-color:#FFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
#Navigation_top{<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
width:971px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
background-color: #FFBB55;<br />
float:left;<br />
border-left:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-right:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
border-bottom:3px solid #FF8A00;<br />
position:relative;<br />
background-image:url('http://www.anders.bennehag.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/hkust2.jpg');<br />
top:-20px;<br />
left:-6px;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons{<br />
width:168px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
position:relative;<br />
float:left;<br />
background-color:#333333;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons#Team{<br />
clear:both;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Buttons h3 p{<br />
color:#FFFFFF;<br />
}<br />
<br />
div.Navigation_Content{<br />
width:950px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
margin:7px;<br />
display:none;<br />
float:left;<br />
opacity:0.6;<br />
background-color:#555555;<br />
border:3px solid #000000;<br />
border-radius:10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Navigation_Content#Home_Content{<br />
position:inherit;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons{<br />
width:164px;<br />
height:50px;<br />
margin:10px;<br />
background-color:#000000;<br />
padding-top:20px;<br />
opacity:1.0;<br />
position:relative;<br />
text-align:center;<br />
vertical-align:middle;<br />
float:left;<br />
border:3px solid #FFFFFF;<br />
border-radius:7px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:7px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Content_Buttons p a{<br />
color:#33DDFF;<br />
text-decoration:none;<br />
size:10px;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#iGEM_Logo{<br />
width:100px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/32/Igem-logo.png');<br />
background-size:100px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
<br />
.Upper_Logos#HKUST_Logo{<br />
width:80px;<br />
height:80px;<br />
background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/UCL-Igem.png');<br />
background-size:70px 80px;<br />
background-repeat:no-repeat;<br />
float:left;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</head><br />
<br />
<body><br />
<div id="Navigation_top"><br />
<div id="iGEM_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div id="HKUST_Logo" class="Upper_Logos"></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Team" align="center"><h3><p>TEAM</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Project" align="center"><h3><p>PROJECT</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Wet_lab" align="center"><h3><p>WET LAB</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Human_practice" align="center"><h3><p>HUMAN PRACTICE</p></h3></div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Buttons" id="Extras" align="center"><h3><p>EXTRAS</p></h3></div><br />
<br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Team_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Introduction">Introduction</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Supervisor">Supervisor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Instructor">Instructor</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Members">Members</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Advisors">Advisors</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons""><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Acknowledgement">Acknowledgement</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Project_Content"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project_Abstraction">Project Abstract</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Background_and_Motive">Background and<br> Motive</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Project">Project Description</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module">Module</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Chassis">Chassis</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Safety">Safety</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Expectation">Expectation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Potential_Application">Potential applicaton</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Wet_lab_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Parts_and_Device">Parts and Devices</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Notebook">Notebook</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Characterization">Characterization</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Achievement">Achievement</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Prospect">Prospect</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Human_practice_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Overview">Overview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Interview">Interview</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Presentation">Presentation</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Calendar">Calendar</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="Navigation_Content" id="Extras_Content" align="center"><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Glossary">Glossary</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Site_Map">Site Map</a></p></div><br />
<div class="Content_Buttons"><p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Photo_Gallery">Photo Gallery</a></p></div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div><p align="center"><font size="20">DRUG SYNTHESIZING MODULE</font></p></div><br />
<br />
<div id="paragraph1" class="bodyParagraphs"><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<h1></h1><br />
</div><br />
<p>As our team objective is to provide a specific and efficient drug for Colon cancer, the way of drug synthesis and release is a significant part of our whole project. Hence this module is focusing on the production and delivery of anti-tumor drug. Synthesis of the drug is achieved by engineering bacteriawhich is able to produce and secrete anti-tumor molecule. Release of anti-tumor molecule to extracellular system is attained by secretion of recombinant gene product under the facilitation of signaling peptide. </p><br><br />
<p>Among hundreds of studied anti-tumor chemokine, BMP-2, Bone morphogenetic protein 2 has caught our attention as the &ldquo;drug&rdquo; of our project. BMP-2 is a signaling molecule in BMP pathway, which belongs to the TGF-β superfamily. One function of BMP pathway is to induce cell differentiation, especially in the development of bone and cartilage. BMP stimulates the formation of bone by inducing the cell differentiation of bone cells. On the other hand, BMP-2 has also been suggested to have high apoptotic activity towards colon cancer cells (Beck <em>et al.,</em> 2005). According to Beck <em>et al.</em>, Colon cancers which are treated with 100 ng/mL BMP-2 for 48 hours show significant decrease in cell growth. Hence, it is a potential drug to fight colon cancer. Therefore, we incorporate mature BMP-2 gene in our construct and transform it into our chosen bacterial vector. </p><br><p>Furthermore, choice of chassis also has important role to ensure the secretion BMP-2. <em>B. subtilis,</em> which is a probiotic, is chosen as the chassis because of its harmless activity towards human, and high secretory activity which is important for delivery of BMP-2 to the environment. To mimic the secretory activity of <em>B.subtilis</em>, we add signaling peptide type I gene, which works mostly through secretory pathway, at the upstream of BMP-2 in our construct (Tjalsma <em>et al, </em>2000). That way, signaling peptide is translated together with BMP-2 as a whole peptide, and delivered to the cell membrane. Once it reaches cell membrane, BMP-2 is separated from signaling peptide by signal peptidase (Spase). BMP-2 is then transferred outside the cell and fold into its native conformation, while signal peptide is degraded by signal peptide peptidase (SPPases) (Tjalsma <em>et al, </em>2000). </p><br><br />
<p>However, among hundreds of signaling peptide, we need to choose signaling peptide that allows the secretion of correct mature BMP-2 in appropriate amount. Therefore we choose YbdN, which is the highest efficiency signaling peptide and YdjM, the signaling peptide whichsupport accurate cleavage from Spase. . We had not been able to choose between the two choices until we construct two constructs consisting of YdjM or YbdN gene at the upstream of BMP-2 gene and characterize both signaling peptide. </p><br><br />
<p>Although research has shown E.coli can produce BMP-2 (Yuvaraj et al, 2012). No one has made a recombinant protein BMP-2 in B. <em>subtilis</em>. We need to test the function of BMP-2 produced from B. <em>subtilis</em>. This is also the achievement of our group.</p><br><br />
<p>&nbsp;</p><br />
<p>References <br /><br />
Beck, S. E., Jung, B. H., Fiorino, A., Gomez, J., Del Rosario, E., Cabrera, B. L., Huang, S. C., Chow, J. Y. C., &amp; Carethers J.M. (2006). Bone morphogenetic protein signaling and growth suppression in colon cancer.&nbsp;<em>The American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology</em>,&nbsp;<em>291</em>(1), G135-G145.</p><br />
<p>Ernesto, C. (2000). &ldquo;Skeletal Growth Factors&rdquo;. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS&amp;WILKINS.</p><br />
<p>Hardwick,J.C., Van Den Brink,G.R., Bleuming,S.A., Ballester,I., Van Den<br /><br />
Brande,J.M., Keller,J.J., Offerhaus,G.J., Van Deventer,S.J., Peppelenbosch,M.P., 2004.<br /><br />
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 is expressed by, and acts upon, mature epithelial cells in<br /><br />
the colon. Gastroenterology 2004. Jan. ;126. (1):111. -21. 126, 111-121. </p><br />
<p>Saravanan Yuvaraj, Sa&rsquo;ad H. Al-Lahham, Rajesh Somasundaram, Patrick A. Figaroa, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch, and Nicolaas A. Bos, <em>E. coli</em>-Produced BMP-2 as a Chemopreventive Strategy for Colon Cancer: A Proof-of-Concept Study.&nbsp;<em>Gastroenterology Research and Practice</em>, vol. 2012, Article ID 895462, 6 pages, 2012. doi:10.1155/2012/895462</p><br />
<p>Tjalsma, H., Bolhuis, A., Jongbloed, J. D. H., Bron, S., &amp; Dijl, J. M. V. (2000). Signal peptide-dependent protein transport in <i>bacillus subtilis<i>: a genome-based survey of the secretome.&nbsp;<em>Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews</em>,&nbsp;<em>64</em>(3), 515-547.</p><br />
</div><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Target_binding">Last Module</a></p><br />
<p><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:HKUST-Hong_Kong/Module/Regulation_and_control">Next Module</a></p><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
<br />
#paragraph1{<br />
background-color:#EDFFFF;<br />
width:955px;<br />
height:auto;<br />
float:left;<br />
padding-bottom:5px;<br />
padding-left:5px;<br />
margin-top:5px;<br />
margin-bottom:5px;<br />
border:3px solid #A1FFFF;<br />
border-radius: 10px;<br />
-moz-border-radius:10px;<br />
}<br />
</style><br />
</body><br />
</html></div>Yliachttp://2012.igem.org/File:Human_Practice_Overview.pdfFile:Human Practice Overview.pdf2012-09-24T15:39:04Z<p>Yliac: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Yliac