We produced a Heme Oxygenase BioBrick that was codon optimized for E. coli. The Gibson assembly of the T7 promoter containing Heme Oxygenase was successful. The transformation was successful with numerous colonies grown using Chloramphenicol as the selecting agent. Six colonies were selected and then they were sequenced before digestion with EcoR1 and Spe1. The sequencing suggested that all of the colonies contained the plasmid with a Heme oxygenase identical to the original protein sequence. The gel containing the digested Heme Oxygenase bearing plasmid can be seen in Figure 1.

Figure 1: The restriction digest showing the linearised plasmid backbone (Black Box) and the heme oxygenese gene (Green Box). We used a 1kb ladder.

The plasmid was sequencing using the forward and reverse primers for the BioBricks. We performed Blastx pipeline to determine if there was a significant change in the protein sequence.

Given that this was the source of our gene, we proposed that the sequencing result was accurate. We then compared to the original gBlock sequence and determined that the sequencing was accurate and confirmed the identity of the plasmid.

The T7 bearing Heme Oxygenase produced was characterised to determine if it was functional. BL21 E. coli was transformed with the plasmid, selected for using chloramphenicol and a culture was inoculated. The culture was then induced with ALA (d-aminolevulinic acid) for the heme pathway and IPTG to promote protein production. They were incubated overnight and the cells were spun down. We observed a functional Heme Oxygenase and the cells appeared a vibrant green after induction by ALA and IPTG. We observed this as well in our assembled switch. The image below demonstrates the green produced compared to uninduced Heme Oxygenase and the Bacteriophytochrome. Need to insert image

Like the Heme Oxygenase, the bacteriophytochromes from Deinococcus radiodurans and Agrobacterium tumefaciens were optimised for use in E. Coli. The identity of the plasmid was determined by sequencing and by digestion.

The digest above appears to only show one band for the Agro + T7 digest, however- the length of the vector and the bacteriophytochrome are similar. As such it is difficult to resolve the two bands. For the Agro and T7 digest the undigested plasmid cannot be seen which provides evidence that the bacteriophytochrome component was introduced and synthesized correctly.

The first Agro with no T7 lane shows undigested plasmid. This was useful for determining that the digestion had proceeded for the other plasmids as this band was no longer visible.

The Blastx pipeline suggested that there was a near identical match to the orginal source for almost all of the sequencing performed. Blastn were run to determine the deviance from the theoretical sequence. The Blastn searches produced indicated that the sequences were nearly identical. The changed bases were examined on the CHECK NAME electropherogram and determined to be possible misreads.

Two of the BioBricks produced were ligated together to produce the light switch. We demonstrated that the switch was produced by inspecting a gel following ligation and then digestion. The gel can be seen below.

Gel 1: We have run against a Heme Oxygenase standard (Lane 1). The gel contains digested fragments from our composite BioBrick (Heme Oxygenase and Agro). The upper band (Black Box) is the Heme Oxygenase with the bacteriophytochrome and the bottom band (blue) is the plasmid backbone.

This provided the evidence that the product had been successfully ligated.

An SDS page gel was run of the ligation products to observe if the heme oxygenase was able to produce biliverdin and then to determine if it was binding with the bacteriophytochrome. The biliverdin binds to a specific site in the bacteriophytochrome. As biliverdin is IR active this coupling can be ovbserved under infrared (IR) light.

A positive result for the self assembly of our switch would be an IR active band in the SDS PAGE gel, this was observed at the expected molecular weight,