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	<h1>Degradation Notebook</h1>		<h1>Degradation Notebook</h1>
-	<h5> All of the following has been conducted and written up by Huey-Ru (Debra) Tsai </he>	+	<h5> All of the following has been conducted and written up by Huey-Ru (Debra) Tsai </h5>
	<br>		<br>
	<font size="+2"><a name="6_22_12">June 22, 2012</a></font>		<font size="+2"><a name="6_22_12">June 22, 2012</a></font>

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Revision as of 22:39, 3 October 2012

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Degradation Notebook

All of the following has been conducted and written up by Huey-Ru (Debra) Tsai

June 22, 2012
Created a spreadsheet detailing various possible bacterial strains and plasmids to be used for complex polymer degradation
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June 25 - 29, 2012
Sent out requests for bacterial strains and plasmids based on spreadsheet
Emailed Dr. Jared Leadbetter asking if he has strains + protocol for lignocellulose plates
Made carb. R plates
Made minimal media agar plates, bottom layer of overlay plates
Met with Professor Leadbetter to discuss difficulties with creating enrichment plates and finding bacterial samples
Will be following up on some of his suggestions

Notes from Meeting with Professor Jared Leadbetter from June 28th

Overlay Plate Options
- Top layer with minimal media, although either minimal media or just water + agarose should work
- Embed bacteria into top layer mix
- Use filter paper made of chosen carbon sources

Bacterial Strains
- Ponds around campus
- Beach
- Teredinibacter turnerae gen: helps degrade wood in shipworms (http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/52/6/2261.abstract)

May also choose a different host organism for transformation
- Instead of using E. coli can try using yeast (simplifies problem to only of degradation, and not also ethanol synthesis)
- Can also try bacteria found by Aztecs to make alcohol (Zymomonas mobilis)

Emailed for samples of nitrocellulose, latex, and teflon membranes.
Researched Z. mobilis.
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July 2-6, 2012
Researched zymomonas mobilis, narrowed down focus to strain ZM4
Gathered more information on protocols specific to that strain.

Looked up additional information about potential vectors to use to transform z. mobilis
Requested p42-0119 plasmid for expression z. mobilis from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Made 20% glucose solution stock and RM plates for Z. mobilis
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July 9-13, 2012
Ordered strains from the ATCC.
Discussed Biolog plates idea

Research z mobilis degradation 5 and 6 carbon sugars

Researched for genetic sequences for sugar degradation enzymes.

Sent in request for oligos sequences for alpha-gluctosidase gene (can degrade maltose)
Made tetracycline plates
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July 16-20, 2012
The pMQ30 is a deletion plasmid. We are using this plasmid to knock out expression of NADH dehydrogenase. According to the paper ''Respiratory chain analysis of high ethanol producing Zymomonas mobilis mutants,'' a mutant strain of Z. mobilis lacking NADH dehydrogenase had increased ethanol production. However, pMQ30 has gentamicin resistance, and Zymomonas is already resistant to gentamicin, so we are replacing it with tetracycline resistance from vector backbone pSB1T3.

The pLAFR5 plasmid is being used for conjugation from E. coli into Z. mobilis.
DKN79 (DH5alpha + pLAFR5) has been plated to grow more copies of pLAFR5.
DKN1005 (BW20427 [WM3064] + pLAFR5) has been plated to be used for testing conjugation into Z. mobilis ZM4.
The pMQ95 and pMQ97 plasmids are to be expressed in Zymomonas; however they contain antibiotic resistance genes that Z. mobilis is already naturally resistant to. So, we will need to switch out the resistances on the plasmids to tetracycline.

Electroporated pSB1T3 into competent E coli cells, incubated in LB for an hour, and streaked transformants onto tetra plates
Streaked DH5alpha + pMQ30 onto a gentamicin 20 ug/mL plate
Streaked Z. mobilis ZM4 from ATCC onto a RM plate and liquid culture.
Streaked out DKN79 (DH5alpha + pLAFR5) onto a tetracycline plate
Streaked out DKN1005 (BW20427 [WM3064] + pLAFR5) onto a tetracycline plate
Made LB media

No growth with pSB1T3 transformants, so retransformed and plated E coli + pSB1T3
Kept a liquid culture of E coli + pSB1T3
Ordered primers as part of switching out the pSB1T3 plasmid's resistance to tetracycline
Z. mobilis plate has no growth
Sent DNAWorks requests for als genes (alsBACE)
Re-streaked out DH5alpha + pMQ30 because first plate's growth was poor
Streaked out pMQ95 and pMQ97

There was no growth on the pSB1T3 plates. I kept a liquid culture of the electroporated cells that were left over after plating the on the tetra plates, and the tube looked very cloudy. The liquid culture did not have any antibiotics, but the plates had tetracycline. So it is possible that the gene is broken or its the wrong part or something. We decided to get the tetra resistance gene from a different source on the registry plates. So, I transformed BBa_K274002 and BBa_K274003 into E. coli from 2012 Kit Plate 3 12B, 2012 Kit Plate 4 20D, and 2012 Kit Plate 3 22D. I was originally trying to use BBa_J04450 from Plate 1, well 7A.
I was able to liquid cultures of pMQ30, pMQ95, pMQ97, DKN79 (DH5alpha + pLAFR5), and DKN1005 (BW20427 [WM3064] + pLAFR5). There has been no growth on the Z. mobilis plates yet. There seems to be growth in the Z. mobilis liquid culture, but not enough to make a glycerol stock. I designed primers for switching out resistance on pMQ95 or pMQ97 and for getting the tet resistance gene from the plated electroporated cells.

Growth has appeared on the Z. mobilis plates!!
Cleaned out the lab space
Made glycerol stock of Z. mobilis (one without gentamicin, one with gent)
Made liquid cultures of DKN1005 (BW20427 [WM3064] + pLAFR5), part from 2012 registry plate 1 7A, and 2012 registry part from plate 4 20A
Made glycerol stocks from liquid cultures of DKN1005 (BW20427 [WM3064] + pLAFR5) and part from plate 1 7A
Made more LB + tetracycline plates

Z. mobilis liquid cultures currently growing:
1. original (only Rich Media)
2. RM + amp (taken from original)
3. RM + amp (taken from original)
4. RM + gent (taken from plate)

Ordered primers for amplifying out the desired products from the plasmids (tetracycline gene from pSB1T3 and everything but the antibiotics gene from pMQ30, pMQ95, and pMQ97)
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July 23-27, 2012
Made liquid cultures of strains carrying pMQ30, pMQ95, pMQ97, and pSB1T3

Made Rich Media + tetracycline (25ug/mL) plates
Mini prep'ed the plasmids from the liquid cultures
Ran PCR on the mini preps

Ran a gel of the PCR products -> indicated that the plasmid backbones did not PCR correctly
Had another PCR run -> gel indicated that the correct plasmid backbones were produced

Constructing plasmids to be expressed in Z. mobilis ZM4
There are three plasmids that we worked on synthesizing this week. We would like to use pMQ30, pMQ97, and pMQ95 in Z. mobilis. These plasmids carry gene resistances that Z. mobilis is already resistant. Therefore, we need to switch out the resistances to tetracycline. For the first two plasmids, we used Gibson assembly. Plasmid pMQ95 was altered by using yeast to assemble the fragments together. We could not use Gibson assembly for pMQ95 because the primers used for PCR amplification of the various DNA fragments would interfere with the promoter region for the new gene for tetracycline resistance.

Purified the PCR products with QIAquick PCR purification kit of the tet gene DNA insert from pSB1T3 into the plasmid pMQ30 (i30), the tet gene DNA insert from pSB1T3 into the plasmid pMQ95 (i95), the backbone of pMQ30 (bb30), the backbone of pMQ97 (bb97), and the backbone of pMQ95 (bb95)
Digested i30 and bb95 with restriction enzyme DpnI and purified these products again
Ran gibson to build two plasmids: one made of bb30 and i30, and the other made of bb97 and i30
These plasmids were electroporated into E. coli and plated on tetracycline plates
Synthesized a plasmid made from bb95 and i95 in yeast
Made a liquid culture of DKN1005, which is the donor conjugation strain carrying pLAFR5

Tested conjugation of pLAFR5 into Z. mobilis ZM4 from DKN1005, set to incubate at 30C, on the bench for a day, and on the bench overnight, and plate
Electroporated E. coli cells with pMQ30 and pMQ97 did not grow -> Plated a new set of electroporated cells with pMQ30 and pMQ97

Saturday:
Check up on electroporated cells -> success!
Plated the overnight-incubation conjugation cells
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July 30 - August 3, 2012
Ran colony PCR on e. coli and yeast colonies carrying the new plasmids made from last week
Obtained mixed results from the gel of the PCR products
Inoculated overnight cultures of samples of the e coli and yeast colonies

Made liquid cultures with tet from pMQ30 and pMQ97 from e coli
Mini prep'ed two samples each from pMQ30 and pMQ97 from e coli
Made RM and LB
Made Z. mobilis liquid cultures
Made glycerol stocks of the liquid cultures of the pMQ30 and pMQ97 e coli samples
Designed primers for integrating the allose operon into pMQ97, a three step gibson to create a biobrick plasmid backbone that can be expressed in many organisms, and a primer with for integrating RFP into pMQ97 to check the promoter for the plasmid with the allose operon

Prep'ed an overnight culture of WM3064 (This strain will be used as the donor strain for conjugation with Z. mobilis)
Electroporated pMQ97-tet into the prepared WM3064
Plated transformed WM3064 on LB + tet + DAP plates
Made a glycerol stock of WM3064
Started another liquid culture of Z. mobilis
Made LB + tet plates

Made new RM and sterile 20% glucose solution
Started 3 new ZM4 liquid cultures + 1 negative control
Restreaked WM3064 on LB + tet + DAP plates because growth was too high on original plates
Plated contaminants from old ZM4 liquid cultures and old RM
Looked at contaminated cultures under a microscope (very cool!!)
Restreaked growth on conjugation plates -> may be contaminated
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August 6 - 10, 2012
Sunday: Start liquid cultures of pMQ95 + tet transformants

Liquid cultures from Sunday did not grow
Made ZM4, Top10 e. coli pMQ95 + tet, and DH5alpha + pLAFR5 liquid cultures in preparation to test conjugation
Finished designing primers

Made glycerol stocks of ZM4
Top10 e. coli pMQ95 + tet liquid cultures did not grow
Started biobricks culture with Z. mobilis
Tested new conjugation protocol using DH5alpha + pLAFR5 as donor strain and ZM4 as receiver

Re-electroporated pMQ95 + tet into Top10 e. coli
Re-streaked Top10 e. coli + pMQ97 + tet from glycerol stock on LB + tet plate
Made a liquid culture of Top10 e. coli + (pMQ97 + tet)
Made a liquid culture of WM3064 + pLAFR5
Made a liquid culture of ZM4, ZM4 + amp (50 ug/mL), and ZM4 + chlor (17 ug/mL)

Minipreped plasmid pMQ97 from the e. coli liquid culture started the day before to electroporate the plasmid into ZM4 at 1 5kv/cm
Conjugated ZM4 with WB3064 + pLAFR5
Made amp 50 tet 25 plates
Made liquid culture Top10 - pMQ97+ tet and ZM4
Streaked a plate from the glycerol stock of ZM4 made the day before

Friday: conjugate pMQ97 + tet from Top10 e. coli carrying plasmid into ZM4
Run pcr reactions to build pMQ97 + tet + alsBACEK (alsBACEK will be amplified from e. coli genome)
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