Team:HKU HongKong/Data/Bio Bricks.html

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<span style="font-weight: 400; text-decoration:underline">
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<font face="Trebuchet MS" size="6">Abstract</font></span></h2>
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<font face="Trebuchet MS" size="6">Bio-bricks:</font></span></h2>
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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&nbsp;</p>
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&nbsp;</p>
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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HKU’s iGEM team aims to introduce
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an acyl homoerine lactone (AHL)-degrading genetic system into the non-biolfilm-forming
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1)</span><span style="color: rgb(35, 35, 35); font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none; ">
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and non-virulent BL21 Escherichia coli strain. PvdQ, an enzyme naturally
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</span><font face="Tahoma" size="2">Constitutive Promoter (J23119) + Ribosomal
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produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is an acylase that functions to
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Binding Site (B0034) + pvdQ Gene + Double Terminator (B0015)</font></h2>
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degrade long chain AHLs that bacteria like Pseudomonas putida or
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aeruginosa itself utilize for biofilm formation. Biofilms are population
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<img border="0" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/27/1_biobrick.jpg" width="676" height="157"></p>
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density-dependent structures formed by quorum sensing bacteria that
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produce and secrete auto-inducers, which signal selective gene
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&nbsp;</p>
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transcription. These signaling molecules, namely the AHLs, are
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<h2 style="text-align: left"><font face="Tahoma" size="2" color="#232323">
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responsible for most bacterial pathogenicity including the opportunistic
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<span style="font-weight: 400">This biobrick was constructed to test the
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respiratory infections caused by P.aeuroginosa in immunocompromised
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expression of the pvdQ gene amplified by PCR from genomic DNA of Pseudomonas
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patients. </p>
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aeruginosa. It is an uncontrollable, standard biobrick that can later be used as
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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a baseline reference to test whether our future biobricks result in an
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As a step towards combating these infections, E.coli can be effectively
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improvement in pvdQ expression level.&nbsp; The biobrick is a composite part
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used as a protein factory to maximize pvdQ yield in vitro or ex vivo.
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consisting of the already prevalent Constitutive Promoter [2006 Berkley], along
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Our most preliminary biobrick is a constitutive promoter that drives
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with the newly inserted pvdQ gene. It is also composed of a strong RBS and a
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baseline, exponential expression of pvdQ. This genetic pathway is
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transcription double terminator.&nbsp;</span></font></h2>
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advantageous because the pvdQ gene is constitutively transcribed
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<h2 style="text-align: left"><font color="#232323">
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regardless of environmental and endogenous factors.&nbsp; </p>
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<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma">Constitutive Promoter
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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(J23119):</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma; font-weight: 400">  
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<font color="#232323">&nbsp;This synthetic genetic pathway is an auto-inductive system where pvdQ
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This promoter biobrick is the consensus sequence and therefore results in the
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protein production will specifically depend on the presence of N-dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine
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idealized transcription scenario. Since it is a strong promoter and is
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lactone and its coupling to the LuxR protein. Furthermore, several
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constitutively expressed, it complies with our preliminary goal of testing
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derivatives of the genetic system design can desirably optimize pvdQ  
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transcription and translation of the pvdQ gene in an AHL-independent manner<br>
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yield. For instance, implementation of a positive feedback loop will
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<br>
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upregulate luxR production by the simple placement of the luxR gene
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<br>
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downstream of PluxR Larger amounts of luxR will therefore bind a greater
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</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma">2) </span></font>
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number of AHL molecules secreted by P.aeuroginosa biofilms, thereby
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<font color="#232323" size="2" face="Tahoma">LacI Promoter, RBS, LuxR Gene,
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activating the acylase gene’s expression at a low cell density. Hence,
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Double Terminator, LuxR Promoter, &amp; RBS (K137076) + pvdQ Gene + Double
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the final biobrick produced by iGEM HKU is an AHL-inducible acylase
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Terminator (B0015) </font></h2>
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system. </font> </p>
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<p style="text-align: left">
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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<img border="0" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/0/0a/2_biobrick.jpg" width="935" height="182"></p>
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&nbsp;Although the synthetic E.coli cannot be introduced into infected humans
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left">
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or soil and water (sources of P.aueroginosa) itself, it can be used to
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<font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#232323">This biobrick was constructed to
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mass-produce pvdQ which can then be packaged into small protein-delivery
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test the expression of the pvdQ gene in an environment containing the 3OC<sub>12</sub>-HSL
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bores. These structures can be stimulated to efficiently release pvdQ at
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substrate. However, the synthesis of pvdQ is not exclusively dependent on AHL.
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the desired location, mimicking conventional drug-delivery systems.
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This is because the LacI+pI promoter that initiates transcription of the LuxR
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While the mechanism of pvdQ delivery will not be addressed, it can be
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gene can be effectively induced by IPTG. Moreover, the LuxR promoter is also
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regarded as a potential implication of HKU’s iGEM project.
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expressed well in the absence of LuxR and AHL. The biobrick is composed part of
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the already existing K137076 [2008 Caltech] as well as the pvdQ gene and double
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">
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terminator sequence. The first 1,096bp of the K237076 biobrick containing the
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&nbsp;<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph">
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LacI and LuxR promoters, two RBS, and the LuxR gene was amplified using the
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<u><font face="Trebuchet MS">
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standard Prefix primer and a newly designed Suffix primer. </font></p>
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<b><font size="6" color="#232323">M</font></b><font size="6" color="#232323">aterials
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left">
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&amp; </font></font><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="6" color="#232323">
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<font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#232323">&nbsp;We chose the biobrick K137076 to
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Methods</font></u></p>
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ligate to the pvdQ gene for the following reasons: </font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph">
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<ul>
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<i>
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<li>
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<font color="#232323">Cloning and expressing pvdQ in E. coli</font></i></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left">
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">pvdQ was amplified from genomic DNA of Pseudomonas
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<font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#232323">&nbsp;</font><font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#232323">K137076
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Aeruginosa. A functional biobrick is constructed by combining pvdQ and
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consists of a strong, continually expressed promoter (R0011) that can,
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some regulatory elements (such as promoter and terminator). The
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however, be further induced by IPTG. Such a promoter allows us to control
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regulatory components are obtained from the iGEM Distribution Kit 2012.
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the expression of the LuxR protein. &nbsp;<br>
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As a result, a variety of pvdQ regulatory systems can be established.
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&nbsp;</font></li>
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Among the various regulation systems, the luxR regulation system is most
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<li>
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concerned. luxR is a gene that can encode LuxR which binds with AHLs and
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left">
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upregulates the luxRp. As a result, in our biobrick model, the
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<font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#232323">The complex formed when two
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expression of pvdQ will be upregulated. Increase in production of pvdQ
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molecules of LuxR bind to two molecules of AHL, attaches to a palindromic
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indicates an increase in acylase activity, which further degrades AHLs.
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site on the pLuxR to transcribe the pvdQ gene.This pLuxR promoter however
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The product biobrick will be a AHL-inducible acylase system. PvdQ will
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causes leaky expression of pvdQ as it can be induced even in the absence of
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only be produced w</font></font><font size="2" color="#232323">hen AHL is present.</font></font></p>
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LuxR and AHL. </font></li>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph">
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</ul>
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<font color="#232323"><i>Testing the inhibitory effect</i></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left">
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<p style="text-align: left; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Lato, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px">The growth rate of monospecies biofilm of <i>
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<font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#232323">&nbsp;</font></p>
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Pseudomonas putida</i> is used to reflect the inhibitory effect of
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<h2 style="text-align: left"><font color="#232323">
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engineered <i>Escherichia coli</i>. This is because the major AHLs
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<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma"><br>
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secreted by it involve 3-oxo-C12, which is a AHL that can be degraded by
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&nbsp;</span></font></h2>
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PvdQ and is also the major AHL produced in Pseudomonas areuginosa, the
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<p style="text-align: left">&nbsp;</p>
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pathogenic microorganism. <i>pvdQ</i> expressing E. coli will be mixed
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<h2 style="margin:0.7em 0px; text-align: left; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Gentium Basic; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; padding: 0px; clear:left">
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with Pseudomonas putida and grown on agar plate. The reduction in
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&nbsp;</h2>
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biofilm formation will be assayed by crystal violet assay. The next part
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<h2 style="margin:0.7em 0px; text-align: left; font-variant: normal; vertical-align: baseline; color: #232323; font-family: Gentium Basic; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 19.5px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px none; padding: 0px; clear:left">
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of the experiment is to add engineered E. coli to different
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&nbsp;</h2>
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phases of biofilm to validate the role of AHLs in biofilm formation.</font></p>
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Team:HKU Hong Kong - 2012

Team:HKU HK

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