Team:KAIT Japan/Project

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<P>[[File:KAIT_Japan2012_logo.png|left|link=Team:KAIT_Japan]][[File:KAIT_Japan2012_Sub.png|right|link=http://www.kait.jp/index2.php]][[File:Kaitjapan_iGEM_official.logo.png‎|right|link=http://ung.igem.org/Main_Page]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan.home.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan|Home]]
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You are provided with this team page template with which to start the iGEM season. You may choose to personalize it to fit your team but keep the same "look." Or you may choose to take your team wiki to a different level and design your own wiki.  You can find some examples <a href="https://2008.igem.org/Help:Template/Examples">HERE</a>.
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_project.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Project]]
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You <strong>MUST</strong> have all of the pages listed in the menu below with the names specified.  PLEASE keep all of your pages within your teams namespace. 
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Project|Project]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_parts.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Parts]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Parts|Parts]]
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{|style="background:#99F; margin:0.1em"
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan|Home]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_protocol.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Protocol]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Team|Team]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Protocol|Protocol]]
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!align="center"|[https://igem.org/Team.cgi?year=2012&team_name=KAIT_Japan Official Team Profile]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Project|Project]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Parts|Parts Submitted to the Registry]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Modeling|Modeling]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_notebook.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Notebook]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Notebook|Notebook]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Notebook|Notebook]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Safety|Safety]]
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!align="center"|[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Attributions|Attributions]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_results.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Results]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Results|Results]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_safety.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Safety]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Safety|Safety]]
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!align="center"|[[File:Kaitjapan_human_practice.png|link=Team:KAIT_Japan/Human_Practice]]
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[[Team:KAIT_Japan/Human_Practice|Human Practice]]
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__NOTOC__
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https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/19/KAIT_Japan_Chara2.png
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='''E.coli which kill cancer cells.'''=
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http://partsregistry.org/wiki/images/1/1d/Biosafety_Level1.png Biosafety Level 1
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== '''Overall project''' ==
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<big>'''1.Overview'''</big>
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:The cancer is top of the cause of death in Japan. And the number of death by cancer are increasing over the world. Even though reseachers study the treatment of cancer strenuously, there are no critical method. We still need early detection and treatment of cancer.  
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:So,we would like to be help treatment of cancer through this project.
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=== project ===
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We have three ideas now.<br>
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We have not determined our project yet.  But,we will choose our project from those three ideas.<br>
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<br>
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We show you three ideas briefly below.<br>
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<br>
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'''1. We will make ''E.coli'' which has ability to destroy a cancer cell.'''<br>
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We will give following functions to ''E.coli''.<br>
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① a function to ''E.coli'' with the chemotaxis to cancer cell.<br>
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② a function to ''E.coli'' to combine with a cancer cell.<br>
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③ a function to ''E.coli'' to release azurin to cancer cell.<br>
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The azurin make cancer cell death with apoptosis.<br>
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<br>
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'''2. We got interested in the paper that lactic acid bacteria become a vaccine.'''<br>
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However, there was a fault that this vaccine had weak effect.<br>
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We thought that utilization was approached by improving this fault.<br>
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<br>
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'''3.We will place the deodorizing microorganism in soap.'''<br>
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<br>
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We will determine our project on '''July 19'''.<br>
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== Project Details==
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<big>'''2.The immune system to cancer cells'''</big>
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[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-06.png|right|366px]]
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:Our immune system have an ability to kill cancer cells with complex process. The system is called immunological surveillance. Cancer cells make cancer-associated antigen which was not expressed by nomal cells. If the antigen is expressed with MHC classⅠ, killer T cells eliminate cancer cells by recognizing MHC classⅠ.
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:However cancer cells attract regulatory T cells to avoid lymphocytes attacking.Regulatory T cells have receptor called CCR4 which accept chemokine 22(CCL22) which was secreted by cancer cells.
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:When CCR4 combine with CCL22, regulatory T cells move to cancer cells. and attracted regulatory T cells inactivate helper T cells and killer T cells.
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:Such a mechanism make lose the capital components of immune response towards tumor compromise.(Fig1)
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:Natural killer cell is a kind of immune cells participating in an immune system. NK cells have some receptor on the membrane surface, and one of those is the membrane protein called NKG2D. NKG2D can receive stress protein which is called MICA. MICA express the membrane of cancer cells.
 +
:NKG2D is a receptor of MICA which is a stress protein. MICA exist on the surface of the membrane cancer cells.
 +
:We thought that E.coli could be combined with a cancer cell by recombinant NKG2D in E.coli.
 +
:We make use of these mechanisms. We constructed a stain of E.coli which has cancer killer ability.The design of the experiment was described below.
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=== Part 2 ===
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<big>'''3.The details of our project'''</big>
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:'''3-1,Chemotaxis to CCL22'''
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::The signal transduction mechanism of prokaryote and eukaryote about chemotaxis is radically different.
 +
::CCR4 is G protein?coupled receptor (GPCR) from human. E.coli don’t have chemotaxis to CCL22 even though we make E.coli express CCR4 because of diffrent of signal transduction. So, we focus on aspartate receptor (Tar). Tar is chemotaxis receptor of E.coli. which cause chemotaxis to aspartic acid. We design the part which consist of transmembrane (Helical1~7) of CCR4  and cytoplasmic of tar. We call this part CCR4-Tar. When this part combine CCL22, E.coli go to cancer cells.(Fig2,3,4)
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::<p>[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-04.png|left|366px]]
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[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-05.png|center|367px]]</p>
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[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-07.png|right|366px]]
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=== The Experiments ===
 
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:'''3-2.Combination with cancer cells'''
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::Membrane protein NKG2D expression in E.coli is receptive MICA.MICA is a material that is produced by tumor specifically. And the signal induce production azurin,and tumor is destroyed by azurin!
 +
::Human NK cell express NKG2D, and can receptive MICB etc.
 +
::However cancer cell have protective system against immunity, for example human NK cell.
 +
::For that reason NK cell can’t destroy effectively cancer.
 +
:'''3-3 When MICA is recepted by NKG2D , How E.coli product Azurin?'''
 +
::Membrane protein EnvZ cascade, E.coli has it orijinall, as a osmolality sensor was used for the system what product Azurin by a signal for NKG2D.
 +
::EnvZ perceive osmolality shift, and control expression of membrane protein OmpF and OmpC on the gene level.(Fig5,6)
 +
::Histidine which intracellular part of EnvZ is phosphorylated by ATP when the factor of osmolality shift is receptived to EnvZ. Then OmpR that is activator enhance OmpC.
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=== Part 3 ===
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::We applied the cascade to produce Azurin.
 +
::We designed that azurin is produced by converting OmpC part to gene of azurin when MICA bond with NKG2D-EnvZ(Fig7).
 +
::<p>[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-01.png|left|366px]]
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[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-02.png|center|366px]]</p>
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[[file:KAIT_JAPAN-Project-emvz-03.png|right|366px]]
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:'''3-4 The system of destroying cancer by Azurin'''
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== Results ==
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::Azuirn is water solubility copper protein that is isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
 +
::And 14kDa molecular weight.
 +
::This protein forms a complex p53 that is transcription activation factor relate apoptosis, and suppress degradation of p53.
 +
::The reaction induce DNA fragmentation.

Latest revision as of 07:43, 25 October 2012

KAIT Japan2012 logo.png
KAIT Japan2012 Sub.png
Kaitjapan iGEM official.logo.png


Kaitjapan.home.png

Home

Kaitjapan project.png

Project

Kaitjapan parts.png

Parts

Kaitjapan protocol.png

Protocol

Kaitjapan notebook.png

Notebook

Kaitjapan results.png

Results

Kaitjapan safety.png

Safety

Kaitjapan human practice.png

Human Practice

Kaitjapan team.png

Team

KAIT_Japan_Chara2.png

E.coli which kill cancer cells.

http://partsregistry.org/wiki/images/1/1d/Biosafety_Level1.png Biosafety Level 1


1.Overview

The cancer is top of the cause of death in Japan. And the number of death by cancer are increasing over the world. Even though reseachers study the treatment of cancer strenuously, there are no critical method. We still need early detection and treatment of cancer.
So,we would like to be help treatment of cancer through this project.


2.The immune system to cancer cells

KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-06.png
Our immune system have an ability to kill cancer cells with complex process. The system is called immunological surveillance. Cancer cells make cancer-associated antigen which was not expressed by nomal cells. If the antigen is expressed with MHC classⅠ, killer T cells eliminate cancer cells by recognizing MHC classⅠ.
However cancer cells attract regulatory T cells to avoid lymphocytes attacking.Regulatory T cells have receptor called CCR4 which accept chemokine 22(CCL22) which was secreted by cancer cells.
When CCR4 combine with CCL22, regulatory T cells move to cancer cells. and attracted regulatory T cells inactivate helper T cells and killer T cells.
Such a mechanism make lose the capital components of immune response towards tumor compromise.(Fig1)
Natural killer cell is a kind of immune cells participating in an immune system. NK cells have some receptor on the membrane surface, and one of those is the membrane protein called NKG2D. NKG2D can receive stress protein which is called MICA. MICA express the membrane of cancer cells.
NKG2D is a receptor of MICA which is a stress protein. MICA exist on the surface of the membrane cancer cells.
We thought that E.coli could be combined with a cancer cell by recombinant NKG2D in E.coli.
We make use of these mechanisms. We constructed a stain of E.coli which has cancer killer ability.The design of the experiment was described below.


3.The details of our project

3-1,Chemotaxis to CCL22
The signal transduction mechanism of prokaryote and eukaryote about chemotaxis is radically different.
CCR4 is G protein?coupled receptor (GPCR) from human. E.coli don’t have chemotaxis to CCL22 even though we make E.coli express CCR4 because of diffrent of signal transduction. So, we focus on aspartate receptor (Tar). Tar is chemotaxis receptor of E.coli. which cause chemotaxis to aspartic acid. We design the part which consist of transmembrane (Helical1~7) of CCR4 and cytoplasmic of tar. We call this part CCR4-Tar. When this part combine CCL22, E.coli go to cancer cells.(Fig2,3,4)

KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-04.png
KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-05.png


KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-07.png


3-2.Combination with cancer cells
Membrane protein NKG2D expression in E.coli is receptive MICA.MICA is a material that is produced by tumor specifically. And the signal induce production azurin,and tumor is destroyed by azurin!
Human NK cell express NKG2D, and can receptive MICB etc.
However cancer cell have protective system against immunity, for example human NK cell.
For that reason NK cell can’t destroy effectively cancer.
3-3 When MICA is recepted by NKG2D , How E.coli product Azurin?
Membrane protein EnvZ cascade, E.coli has it orijinall, as a osmolality sensor was used for the system what product Azurin by a signal for NKG2D.
EnvZ perceive osmolality shift, and control expression of membrane protein OmpF and OmpC on the gene level.(Fig5,6)
Histidine which intracellular part of EnvZ is phosphorylated by ATP when the factor of osmolality shift is receptived to EnvZ. Then OmpR that is activator enhance OmpC.
We applied the cascade to produce Azurin.
We designed that azurin is produced by converting OmpC part to gene of azurin when MICA bond with NKG2D-EnvZ(Fig7).

KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-01.png
KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-02.png

KAIT JAPAN-Project-emvz-03.png
3-4 The system of destroying cancer by Azurin
Azuirn is water solubility copper protein that is isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
And 14kDa molecular weight.
This protein forms a complex p53 that is transcription activation factor relate apoptosis, and suppress degradation of p53.
The reaction induce DNA fragmentation.