Team:SUSTC-Shenzhen-B/algorithm

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                <h2>Programme</h2>
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<p>In 2007, Carleton L Kingsford et al. [1] described TransTermHP, a new computational method to rapidly and accurately detect Rho-independent transcription terminators. </p>
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<p>They put forward an algorithm to predict Rho-independent terminators.</p>
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<p>The first 15 bases of the potential tail sequence are scored using a function:</p>
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<p> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/75/Equation.y1.JPG" alt="" class="img_fl img_border" />  (1)</p>
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<p>where</p>
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<p> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/7e/Equation%2Cy%2C2.JPG" alt="" class="img_fl img_border" />  (2)</p>
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<p>for n=1...15 and  =1.</p>
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<p>The energy of potential hairpin configurations adjacent to a reference position can be found efficiently with a dynamic programming algorithm. The table entry hairpin_score[i,j] gives the cost of the best hairpin structure for which the base of the 5' stem is at nucleotide position i and the base of the 3' stem is at position j. The entry hairpin_score[i,j] can be computed recursively as follows:</p>
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<p>  <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/0/06/Equation.y.3.JPG" />  (3)</p>
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<p>The function energy(i,j) gives the cost of pairing the nucleotide at i with that at j, and loop_pen(n) gives the cost of a hairpin loop of length n. The hairpin's loop is forced to have a length between 3 and 13 nt, inclusive, by setting loop_pen(n) to a large constant for any n outside that range. The constant 'gap' gives the cost of not pairing a base with some base on the opposite stem and thus introducing a gap on one side of the hairpin stem.</p>
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<p>Table 1</p>
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<p>Parameters used to evaluate hairpins</p>
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<p>Pairing   Energy</p>
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<p>G-C           -2.3</p>
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<p>A-T           -0.9</p>
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<p>G-T           1.3</p>
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<p>Mismatch   3.5</p>
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<p>Gap           6.0</p>
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<p>Loop_pen(n)     1•(n - 2)</p>
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<p>Parameters used to evaluate the energy of a potential hairpin where n is the length of the hairpin loop.</p>
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<p>Being the main algorithm, the algorithm introduced above was used by us to write a program named hairpinscore. Users may use the program to predict various potential structures and efficiencies of a Rho-indepent terminator by simply inputting the sequence of the terminator. </p>
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0;color:#404631}.dropcap2{display:block;float:left;font-size:35px;line-height:45px;width:47px;-moz-border-radius:47px;-webkit-border-radius:47px;-khtml-border-radius:47px;border-radius:47px;float:left;text-align:center;margin:8px 15px 0 0;padding-top:0;background:#3f4432;color:#f1efda}.dropcap3{background:#3f4432;color:#f1efda;border:solid 1px #efefef;display:block;float:left;font-size:35px;line-height:40px;width:47px;height:40px;text-align:center;margin:6px 8px 0 0;padding:5px 0}.dropcap4{display:block;float:left;font-size:15px;line-height:36px;width:36px;-moz-border-radius:36px;-webkit-border-radius:36px;-khtml-border-radius:36px;border-radius:36px;float:left;text-align:center;margin:8px 15px 0 0;padding-top:0;background:#3f4432;color:#f1efda}.highlight1{padding:2px 5px;background-color:#404631;border:solid 1px #ebebeb;color:#fff}.highlight2{padding:2px 5px;background-color:#e1dfc9;border:solid 1px #e1dfc9}.bullet{list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}.bullet li{background:url("/wiki/images/6/6a/Sustc-b1-square.gif") no-repeat 0 14px;line-height:25px;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:2px 0 2px 10px;border-bottom:1px solid #dfddc7}.bullet.arrow li{background:url("/wiki/images/b/b4/Sustc-b1-arrow.gif") no-repeat 0 9px;line-height:25px;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0 0 0 10px;border-bottom:0}.bullet.arrow2 li{background:url("/wiki/images/d/d8/Sustc-b1-arrow.png") no-repeat 0 10px;line-height:25px;list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0 0 0 18px;border-bottom:0}.tabcontainer{margin:0 0 20px 0}ul.tabs{margin:0 0 -3px 0;padding:0 0 2px 0;list-style:none;height:35px;width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid #e1dfc9}ul.tabs li{float:left;margin:0 1px 0 0;padding:0 0;line-height:35px;height:35px;position:relative}ul.tabs li:last-child{background:transparent}ul.tabs li a{text-decoration:none;float:left;display:block;padding:0 20px;outline:0;color:#fff;font-size:13px;background:#3f4432;font-weight:600;font-family:'Open 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5px;padding-left:35px;cursor:pointer;line-height:35px}h2.active span{background:url(/wiki/images/c/cd/Sustc-b1-toggle-down.png) no-repeat 0 5px}h2.trigger a:hover{color:#efeed9}h2.active{background:transparent;color:#af3728}.toggle_container{margin:0 0 1px 0;padding:5px 15px;overflow:hidden;clear:both;background:transparent}.toggle_container .block{padding:0 0 0 20px}.toggle_container .block p{padding-bottom:10px;margin:0}#sidebar{width:300px;float:left;padding:0 0 0 40px}#sidebar.positionleft{float:left;padding:0 40px 0 0}#sidebar.positionright{float:right}#sidebar .widget-title{padding:0;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:10px;color:#3f4432}#sidebar ul{list-style-type:none;list-style-position:outside;margin:0;padding:0;clear:both}#sidebar ul li{list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}#sidebar .widget-container{margin-bottom:28px;padding-top:28px;background:url(/wiki/images/7/79/Sustc-b1-line.gif) no-repeat}#sidebar .widget-container:first-child{background:0;padding:0}#sidebar li li{list-style-type:none;margin:0 0 3px 0;padding:0 0 3px 0}#sidebar li li a{color:#777}#sidebar li li a:hover{text-decoration:none;color:#af3728}#sidebar ul.sub-menu,#sidebar ul.children,#sidebar ul ul ul{margin:5px 0 0 10px}#sidebar ul.sub-menu li,#sidebar ul.children li,#sidebar ul ul ul li{margin-bottom:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background:transparent}#searchform{position:relative}#searchform #s{width:96%;padding:8px 5px!important;color:#707070;background:#ecead4;-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px 0 #e1dfc7;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px 0 #e1dfc7;box-shadow:inner 0 1px 2px 0 #e1dfc7;border-bottom:0}.rp-widget li{clear:left;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:10px}.rp-widget img{padding:4px}.rp-widget li h3{margin-bottom:0}.rp-widget li h3 a{font-size:13px;font-weight:600}.rp-widget li 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-
<p>The program wrote in C# was divided into several parts. </p>
+
/* prettyPhoto.css */
 +
div.pp_default .pp_top,div.pp_default .pp_top .pp_middle,div.pp_default .pp_top .pp_left,div.pp_default .pp_top .pp_right,div.pp_default .pp_bottom,div.pp_default .pp_bottom .pp_left,div.pp_default .pp_bottom .pp_middle,div.pp_default .pp_bottom .pp_right{height:13px}div.pp_default .pp_top .pp_left{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) -78px -93px no-repeat}div.pp_default .pp_top .pp_middle{background:url(../images/default/sprite_x.png) top left repeat-x}div.pp_default .pp_top .pp_right{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) -112px -93px no-repeat}div.pp_default .pp_content .ppt{color:#f8f8f8}div.pp_default .pp_content_container .pp_left{background:url(../images/default/sprite_y.png) -7px 0 repeat-y;padding-left:13px}div.pp_default .pp_content_container .pp_right{background:url(../images/default/sprite_y.png) top right repeat-y;padding-right:13px}div.pp_default .pp_next:hover{background:url(../images/default/sprite_next.png) center right no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.pp_default .pp_previous:hover{background:url(../images/default/sprite_prev.png) center left no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.pp_default .pp_expand{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) 0 -29px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:28px;width:28px}div.pp_default .pp_expand:hover{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) 0 -56px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.pp_default .pp_contract{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) 0 -84px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:28px;width:28px}div.pp_default .pp_contract:hover{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) 0 -113px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.pp_default .pp_close{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) 2px 1px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:30px;width:30px}div.pp_default .pp_gallery ul li a{background:url(../images/default/default_thumb.png) center center #f8f8f8;border:1px solid #aaa}div.pp_default .pp_social{margin-top:7px}div.pp_default .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_previous,div.pp_default .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_next{left:auto;position:static}div.pp_default .pp_nav .pp_play,div.pp_default .pp_nav .pp_pause{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) -51px 1px no-repeat;height:30px;width:30px}div.pp_default .pp_nav .pp_pause{background-position:-51px -29px}div.pp_default a.pp_arrow_previous,div.pp_default a.pp_arrow_next{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) -31px -3px no-repeat;height:20px;margin:4px 0 0;width:20px}div.pp_default a.pp_arrow_next{background-position:-82px -3px;left:52px}div.pp_default .pp_content_container .pp_details{margin-top:5px}div.pp_default .pp_nav{clear:none;height:30px;position:relative;width:110px}div.pp_default .pp_nav .currentTextHolder{color:#999;font-family:Georgia;font-size:11px;font-style:italic;left:75px;line-height:25px;margin:0;padding:0 0 0 10px;position:absolute;top:2px}div.pp_default .pp_close:hover,div.pp_default .pp_nav .pp_play:hover,div.pp_default .pp_nav .pp_pause:hover,div.pp_default .pp_arrow_next:hover,div.pp_default .pp_arrow_previous:hover{opacity:.7}div.pp_default .pp_description{font-size:11px;font-weight:700;line-height:14px;margin:5px 50px 5px 0}div.pp_default .pp_bottom .pp_left{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) -78px -127px no-repeat}div.pp_default .pp_bottom .pp_middle{background:url(../images/default/sprite_x.png) bottom left repeat-x}div.pp_default .pp_bottom .pp_right{background:url(../images/default/sprite.png) -112px -127px no-repeat}div.pp_default .pp_loaderIcon{background:url(../images/default/loader.gif) center center no-repeat}div.light_rounded .pp_top .pp_left{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -88px -53px no-repeat}div.light_rounded .pp_top .pp_right{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -110px -53px no-repeat}div.light_rounded .pp_next:hover{background:url(../images/light_rounded/btnNext.png) center right no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_rounded .pp_previous:hover{background:url(../images/light_rounded/btnPrevious.png) center left no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_rounded .pp_expand{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -31px -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_rounded .pp_expand:hover{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -31px -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_rounded .pp_contract{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) 0 -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_rounded .pp_contract:hover{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) 0 -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_rounded .pp_close{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -1px -1px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:22px;width:75px}div.light_rounded .pp_nav .pp_play{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -1px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.light_rounded .pp_nav .pp_pause{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -24px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.light_rounded .pp_arrow_previous{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) 0 -71px no-repeat}div.light_rounded .pp_arrow_next{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -22px -71px no-repeat}div.light_rounded .pp_bottom .pp_left{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -88px -80px no-repeat}div.light_rounded .pp_bottom .pp_right{background:url(../images/light_rounded/sprite.png) -110px -80px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_top .pp_left{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -88px -53px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_top .pp_right{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -110px -53px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_content_container .pp_left{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/contentPattern.png) top left repeat-y}div.dark_rounded .pp_content_container .pp_right{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/contentPattern.png) top right repeat-y}div.dark_rounded .pp_next:hover{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/btnNext.png) center right no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_rounded .pp_previous:hover{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/btnPrevious.png) center left no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_rounded .pp_expand{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -31px -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_rounded .pp_expand:hover{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -31px -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_rounded .pp_contract{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) 0 -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_rounded .pp_contract:hover{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) 0 -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_rounded .pp_close{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -1px -1px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:22px;width:75px}div.dark_rounded .pp_description{color:#fff;margin-right:85px}div.dark_rounded .pp_nav .pp_play{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -1px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.dark_rounded .pp_nav .pp_pause{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -24px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.dark_rounded .pp_arrow_previous{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) 0 -71px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_arrow_next{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -22px -71px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_bottom .pp_left{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -88px -80px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_bottom .pp_right{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/sprite.png) -110px -80px no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_loaderIcon{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/loader.gif) center center no-repeat}div.dark_square .pp_left,div.dark_square .pp_middle,div.dark_square .pp_right,div.dark_square .pp_content{background:#000}div.dark_square .pp_description{color:#fff;margin:0 85px 0 0}div.dark_square .pp_loaderIcon{background:url(../images/dark_square/loader.gif) center center no-repeat}div.dark_square .pp_expand{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) -31px -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_square .pp_expand:hover{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) -31px -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_square .pp_contract{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) 0 -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_square .pp_contract:hover{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) 0 -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_square .pp_close{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) -1px -1px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:22px;width:75px}div.dark_square .pp_nav{clear:none}div.dark_square .pp_nav .pp_play{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) -1px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.dark_square .pp_nav .pp_pause{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) -24px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.dark_square .pp_arrow_previous{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) 0 -71px no-repeat}div.dark_square .pp_arrow_next{background:url(../images/dark_square/sprite.png) -22px -71px no-repeat}div.dark_square .pp_next:hover{background:url(../images/dark_square/btnNext.png) center right no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.dark_square .pp_previous:hover{background:url(../images/dark_square/btnPrevious.png) center left no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_square .pp_expand{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) -31px -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_square .pp_expand:hover{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) -31px -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_square .pp_contract{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) 0 -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_square .pp_contract:hover{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) 0 -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_square .pp_close{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) -1px -1px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:22px;width:75px}div.light_square .pp_nav .pp_play{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) -1px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.light_square .pp_nav .pp_pause{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) -24px -100px no-repeat;height:15px;width:14px}div.light_square .pp_arrow_previous{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) 0 -71px no-repeat}div.light_square .pp_arrow_next{background:url(../images/light_square/sprite.png) -22px -71px no-repeat}div.light_square .pp_next:hover{background:url(../images/light_square/btnNext.png) center right no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.light_square .pp_previous:hover{background:url(../images/light_square/btnPrevious.png) center left no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_top .pp_left{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -88px -53px no-repeat}div.facebook .pp_top .pp_middle{background:url(../images/facebook/contentPatternTop.png) top left repeat-x}div.facebook .pp_top .pp_right{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -110px -53px no-repeat}div.facebook .pp_content_container .pp_left{background:url(../images/facebook/contentPatternLeft.png) top left repeat-y}div.facebook .pp_content_container .pp_right{background:url(../images/facebook/contentPatternRight.png) top right repeat-y}div.facebook .pp_expand{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -31px -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_expand:hover{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -31px -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_contract{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) 0 -26px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_contract:hover{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) 0 -47px no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_close{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -1px -1px no-repeat;cursor:pointer;height:22px;width:22px}div.facebook .pp_description{margin:0 37px 0 0}div.facebook .pp_loaderIcon{background:url(../images/facebook/loader.gif) center center no-repeat}div.facebook .pp_arrow_previous{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) 0 -71px no-repeat;height:22px;margin-top:0;width:22px}div.facebook .pp_arrow_previous.disabled{background-position:0 -96px;cursor:default}div.facebook .pp_arrow_next{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -32px -71px no-repeat;height:22px;margin-top:0;width:22px}div.facebook .pp_arrow_next.disabled{background-position:-32px -96px;cursor:default}div.facebook .pp_nav{margin-top:0}div.facebook .pp_nav p{font-size:15px;padding:0 3px 0 4px}div.facebook .pp_nav .pp_play{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -1px -123px no-repeat;height:22px;width:22px}div.facebook .pp_nav .pp_pause{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -32px -123px no-repeat;height:22px;width:22px}div.facebook .pp_next:hover{background:url(../images/facebook/btnNext.png) center right no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_previous:hover{background:url(../images/facebook/btnPrevious.png) center left no-repeat;cursor:pointer}div.facebook .pp_bottom .pp_left{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -88px -80px no-repeat}div.facebook .pp_bottom .pp_middle{background:url(../images/facebook/contentPatternBottom.png) top left repeat-x}div.facebook .pp_bottom .pp_right{background:url(../images/facebook/sprite.png) -110px -80px no-repeat}div.pp_pic_holder a:focus{outline:0}div.pp_overlay{background:#000;display:none;left:0;position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;z-index:9500}div.pp_pic_holder{display:none;position:absolute;width:100px;z-index:10000}.pp_content{height:40px;min-width:40px}* html .pp_content{width:40px}.pp_content_container{position:relative;text-align:left;width:100%}.pp_content_container .pp_left{padding-left:20px}.pp_content_container .pp_right{padding-right:20px}.pp_content_container .pp_details{float:left;margin:10px 0 2px}.pp_description{display:none;margin:0}.pp_social{float:left;margin:0}.pp_social .facebook{float:left;margin-left:5px;overflow:hidden;width:55px}.pp_social .twitter{float:left}.pp_nav{clear:right;float:left;margin:3px 10px 0 0}.pp_nav p{float:left;margin:2px 4px;white-space:nowrap}.pp_nav .pp_play,.pp_nav .pp_pause{float:left;margin-right:4px;text-indent:-10000px}a.pp_arrow_previous,a.pp_arrow_next{display:block;float:left;height:15px;margin-top:3px;overflow:hidden;text-indent:-10000px;width:14px}.pp_hoverContainer{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;z-index:2000}.pp_gallery{display:none;left:50%;margin-top:-50px;position:absolute;z-index:10000}.pp_gallery div{float:left;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.pp_gallery ul{float:left;height:35px;margin:0 0 0 5px;padding:0;position:relative;white-space:nowrap}.pp_gallery ul a{border:1px rgba(0,0,0,.5) solid;display:block;float:left;height:33px;overflow:hidden}.pp_gallery ul a img{border:0}.pp_gallery li{display:block;float:left;margin:0 5px 0 0;padding:0}.pp_gallery li.default a{background:url(../images/facebook/default_thumbnail.gif) 0 0 no-repeat;display:block;height:33px;width:50px}.pp_gallery .pp_arrow_previous,.pp_gallery .pp_arrow_next{margin-top:7px!important}a.pp_next{background:url(../images/light_rounded/btnNext.png) 10000px 10000px no-repeat;display:block;float:right;height:100%;text-indent:-10000px;width:49%}a.pp_previous{background:url(../images/light_rounded/btnNext.png) 10000px 10000px no-repeat;display:block;float:left;height:100%;text-indent:-10000px;width:49%}a.pp_expand,a.pp_contract{cursor:pointer;display:none;height:20px;position:absolute;right:30px;text-indent:-10000px;top:10px;width:20px;z-index:20000}a.pp_close{display:block;line-height:22px;position:absolute;right:0;text-indent:-10000px;top:0}.pp_loaderIcon{display:block;height:24px;left:50%;margin:-12px 0 0 -12px;position:absolute;top:50%;width:24px}#pp_full_res{line-height:1!important}#pp_full_res .pp_inline{text-align:left}#pp_full_res .pp_inline p{margin:0 0 15px}div.ppt{color:#fff;display:none;font-size:17px;margin:0 0 5px 15px;z-index:9999}div.pp_default .pp_content,div.light_rounded .pp_content{background-color:#fff}div.pp_default #pp_full_res .pp_inline,div.light_rounded .pp_content .ppt,div.light_rounded #pp_full_res .pp_inline,div.light_square .pp_content .ppt,div.light_square #pp_full_res .pp_inline,div.facebook .pp_content .ppt,div.facebook #pp_full_res .pp_inline{color:#000}div.pp_default .pp_gallery ul li a:hover,div.pp_default .pp_gallery ul li.selected a,.pp_gallery ul a:hover,.pp_gallery li.selected a{border-color:#fff}div.pp_default .pp_details,div.light_rounded .pp_details,div.dark_rounded .pp_details,div.dark_square .pp_details,div.light_square .pp_details,div.facebook .pp_details{position:relative}div.light_rounded .pp_top .pp_middle,div.light_rounded .pp_content_container .pp_left,div.light_rounded .pp_content_container .pp_right,div.light_rounded .pp_bottom .pp_middle,div.light_square .pp_left,div.light_square .pp_middle,div.light_square .pp_right,div.light_square .pp_content,div.facebook .pp_content{background:#fff}div.light_rounded .pp_description,div.light_square .pp_description{margin-right:85px}div.light_rounded .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_previous,div.light_rounded .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_next,div.dark_rounded .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_previous,div.dark_rounded .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_next,div.dark_square .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_previous,div.dark_square .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_next,div.light_square .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_previous,div.light_square .pp_gallery a.pp_arrow_next{margin-top:12px!important}div.light_rounded .pp_arrow_previous.disabled,div.dark_rounded .pp_arrow_previous.disabled,div.dark_square .pp_arrow_previous.disabled,div.light_square .pp_arrow_previous.disabled{background-position:0 -87px;cursor:default}div.light_rounded .pp_arrow_next.disabled,div.dark_rounded .pp_arrow_next.disabled,div.dark_square .pp_arrow_next.disabled,div.light_square .pp_arrow_next.disabled{background-position:-22px -87px;cursor:default}div.light_rounded .pp_loaderIcon,div.light_square .pp_loaderIcon{background:url(../images/light_rounded/loader.gif) center center no-repeat}div.dark_rounded .pp_top .pp_middle,div.dark_rounded .pp_content,div.dark_rounded .pp_bottom .pp_middle{background:url(../images/dark_rounded/contentPattern.png) top left repeat}div.dark_rounded .currentTextHolder,div.dark_square .currentTextHolder{color:#c4c4c4}div.dark_rounded #pp_full_res .pp_inline,div.dark_square #pp_full_res .pp_inline{color:#fff}.pp_top,.pp_bottom{height:20px;position:relative}* html .pp_top,* html .pp_bottom{padding:0 20px}.pp_top .pp_left,.pp_bottom .pp_left{height:20px;left:0;position:absolute;width:20px}.pp_top .pp_middle,.pp_bottom .pp_middle{height:20px;left:20px;position:absolute;right:20px}* html .pp_top .pp_middle,* html .pp_bottom .pp_middle{left:0;position:static}.pp_top .pp_right,.pp_bottom .pp_right{height:20px;left:auto;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;width:20px}.pp_fade,.pp_gallery li.default a img{display:none}
-
<p>When a sequence was input, firstly, all the potential T tail sequences will be found. </p>
+
</style>
 +
<script type="text/javascript">
-
<p>Secondly, for each potential T tail sequence, all the potential stem-loop sequences will be found.</p>
+
/*
 +
* Superfish v1.4.8 - jQuery menu widget
 +
* Copyright (c) 2008 Joel Birch
 +
*
 +
* Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses:
 +
* http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 +
* http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
 +
*
 +
* CHANGELOG: http://users.tpg.com.au/j_birch/plugins/superfish/changelog.txt
 +
*/
-
<p>Thirdly, for all the potential stem-loop sequences of all the potential T tail sequences, the hairpin scores will be calculated and sorted in ascending order. </p>
+
;(function($){
 +
$.fn.superfish = function(op){
-
<p>Forthly, for the first several probable cut positions, the structures will be determined. The structure is be expressed in an array of "0" and "1", where "0" means the corresponding base isn't paired with any other bases and "1" means the corresponding base is paired with another base. </p>
+
var sf = $.fn.superfish,
 +
c = sf.c,
 +
$arrow = $(['<span class="',c.arrowClass,'"> &#187;</span>'].join('')),
 +
over = function(){
 +
var $$ = $(this), menu = getMenu($$);
 +
clearTimeout(menu.sfTimer);
 +
$$.showSuperfishUl().siblings().hideSuperfishUl();
 +
},
 +
out = function(){
 +
var $$ = $(this), menu = getMenu($$), o = sf.op;
 +
clearTimeout(menu.sfTimer);
 +
menu.sfTimer=setTimeout(function(){
 +
o.retainPath=($.inArray($$[0],o.$path)>-1);
 +
$$.hideSuperfishUl();
 +
//if (o.$path.length &amp;&amp; $$.parents(['li.',o.hoverClass].join('')).length<1){over.call(o.$path);}
 +
if (o.$path.length) {
 +
if ($$.parents(['li.',o.hoverClass].join('')).length<1){over.call(o.$path);}
 +
}
 +
},o.delay);
 +
},
 +
getMenu = function($menu){
 +
var menu = $menu.parents(['ul.',c.menuClass,':first'].join(''))[0];
 +
sf.op = sf.o[menu.serial];
 +
return menu;
 +
},
 +
addArrow = function($a){ $a.addClass(c.anchorClass).append($arrow.clone()); };
 +
 +
return this.each(function() {
 +
var s = this.serial = sf.o.length;
 +
var o = $.extend({},sf.defaults,op);
 +
o.$path = $('li.'+o.pathClass,this).slice(0,o.pathLevels).each(function(){
 +
$(this).addClass([o.hoverClass,c.bcClass].join(' '))
 +
.filter('li:has(ul)').removeClass(o.pathClass);
 +
});
 +
sf.o[s] = sf.op = o;
 +
var bcheck = false;
 +
if ($.fn.hoverIntent) {
 +
if (!o.disableHI) bcheck = true;
 +
}
-
<p>Fifthly, the d score was calculated by the following method:</p>
+
$('li:has(ul)',this)[(bcheck) ? 'hoverIntent' : 'hover'](over,out).each(function() {
-
<p>d score = tail score * 18.16 - hairpin score * 96.59 / LH - 116.87, where LH stands for the length of the stem-loop sequence. The method of calculating d score was adjusted from the method put forward by Yves d'Aubenton Carafa et al. [2]. </p>
+
if (o.autoArrows) addArrow( $('>a:first-child',this) );
 +
})
 +
.not('.'+c.bcClass)
 +
.hideSuperfishUl();
 +
 +
var $a = $('a',this);
 +
$a.each(function(i){
 +
var $li = $a.eq(i).parents('li');
 +
$a.eq(i).focus(function(){over.call($li);}).blur(function(){out.call($li);});
 +
});
 +
o.onInit.call(this);
 +
 +
}).each(function() {
 +
var menuClasses = [c.menuClass];
 +
//if (sf.op.dropShadows  &amp;&amp; !($.browser.msie &amp;&amp; $.browser.version < 7)) menuClasses.push(c.shadowClass);
 +
if (sf.op.dropShadows) if (!$.browser.msie) if (!($.browser.version < 7)) menuClasses.push(c.shadowClass);
 +
$(this).addClass(menuClasses.join(' '));
 +
});
 +
};
-
<p>Lastly, by analyzing the experiment data, we've got the relationship between termination efficiency and d score. Thus, once the d score is determined, the efficiency will be calculated easily.</p>
+
var sf = $.fn.superfish;
 +
sf.o = [];
 +
sf.op = {};
 +
sf.IE7fix = function(){
 +
var o = sf.op;
 +
//if ($.browser.msie &amp;&amp; $.browser.version > 6 &amp;&amp; o.dropShadows &amp;&amp; o.animation.opacity!=undefined)
 +
if ($.browser.msie) if($.browser.version > 6) if (o.dropShadows) if (o.animation.opacity!=undefined)
 +
this.toggleClass(sf.c.shadowClass+'-off');
 +
};
 +
sf.c = {
 +
bcClass    : 'sf-breadcrumb',
 +
menuClass  : 'sf-js-enabled',
 +
anchorClass : 'sf-with-ul',
 +
arrowClass  : 'sf-sub-indicator',
 +
shadowClass : 'sf-shadow'
 +
};
 +
sf.defaults = {
 +
hoverClass : 'sfHover',
 +
pathClass : 'overideThisToUse',
 +
pathLevels : 1,
 +
delay : 800,
 +
animation : {opacity:'show'},
 +
speed : 'normal',
 +
autoArrows : true,
 +
dropShadows : true,
 +
disableHI : false, // true disables hoverIntent detection
 +
onInit : function(){}, // callback functions
 +
onBeforeShow: function(){},
 +
onShow : function(){},
 +
onHide : function(){}
 +
};
 +
$.fn.extend({
 +
hideSuperfishUl : function(){
 +
var o = sf.op,
 +
not = (o.retainPath===true) ? o.$path : '';
 +
o.retainPath = false;
 +
var $ul = $(['li.',o.hoverClass].join(''),this).add(this).not(not).removeClass(o.hoverClass)
 +
.find('>ul').hide().css('visibility','hidden');
 +
o.onHide.call($ul);
 +
return this;
 +
},
 +
showSuperfishUl : function(){
 +
var o = sf.op,
 +
sh = sf.c.shadowClass+'-off',
 +
$ul = this.addClass(o.hoverClass)
 +
.find('>ul:hidden').css('visibility','visible');
 +
sf.IE7fix.call($ul);
 +
o.onBeforeShow.call($ul);
 +
$ul.animate(o.animation,o.speed,function(){ sf.IE7fix.call($ul); o.onShow.call($ul); });
 +
return this;
 +
}
 +
});
-
<p>In the future, the program may have more useful functions, for example, giving alternative sequences with efficiencies closed to a given number.</p>
+
})(jQuery);
-
<br>
+
/*
-
<br>
+
* Supersubs v0.2b - jQuery plugin
-
<p>Reference</p>
+
* Copyright (c) 2008 Joel Birch
 +
*
 +
* Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses:
 +
* http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
 +
* http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
 +
*
 +
*
 +
* This plugin automatically adjusts submenu widths of suckerfish-style menus to that of
 +
* their longest list item children. If you use this, please expect bugs and report them
 +
* to the jQuery Google Group with the word 'Superfish' in the subject line.
 +
*
 +
*/
 +
 
 +
(function($){ // $ will refer to jQuery within this closure
 +
 
 +
$.fn.supersubs = function(options){
 +
var opts = $.extend({}, $.fn.supersubs.defaults, options);
 +
// return original object to support chaining
 +
return this.each(function() {
 +
// cache selections
 +
var $$ = $(this);
 +
// support metadata
 +
var o = $.meta ? $.extend({}, opts, $$.data()) : opts;
 +
// get the font size of menu.
 +
// .css('fontSize') returns various results cross-browser, so measure an em dash instead
 +
var fontsize = $('<li id="menu-fontsize">&#8212;</li>').css({
 +
'padding' : 0,
 +
'position' : 'absolute',
 +
'top' : '-999em',
 +
'width' : 'auto'
 +
}).appendTo($$).width(); //clientWidth is faster, but was incorrect here
 +
// remove em dash
 +
$('#menu-fontsize').remove();
 +
// cache all ul elements
 +
$ULs = $$.find('ul');
 +
// loop through each ul in menu
 +
$ULs.each(function(i) {
 +
// cache this ul
 +
var $ul = $ULs.eq(i);
 +
// get all (li) children of this ul
 +
var $LIs = $ul.children();
 +
// get all anchor grand-children
 +
var $As = $LIs.children('a');
 +
// force content to one line and save current float property
 +
var liFloat = $LIs.css('white-space','nowrap').css('float');
 +
// remove width restrictions and floats so elements remain vertically stacked
 +
var emWidth = $ul.add($LIs).add($As).css({
 +
'float' : 'none',
 +
'width' : 'auto'
 +
})
 +
// this ul will now be shrink-wrapped to longest li due to position:absolute
 +
// so save its width as ems. Clientwidth is 2 times faster than .width() - thanks Dan Switzer
 +
.end().end()[0].clientWidth / fontsize;
 +
// add more width to ensure lines don't turn over at certain sizes in various browsers
 +
emWidth += o.extraWidth;
 +
// restrict to at least minWidth and at most maxWidth
 +
if (emWidth > o.maxWidth) { emWidth = o.maxWidth; }
 +
else if (emWidth < o.minWidth) { emWidth = o.minWidth; }
 +
emWidth += 'em';
 +
// set ul to width in ems
 +
$ul.css('width',emWidth);
 +
// restore li floats to avoid IE bugs
 +
// set li width to full width of this ul
 +
// revert white-space to normal
 +
$LIs.css({
 +
'float' : liFloat,
 +
'width' : '100%',
 +
'white-space' : 'normal'
 +
})
 +
// update offset position of descendant ul to reflect new width of parent
 +
.each(function(){
 +
var $childUl = $('>ul',this);
 +
var offsetDirection = $childUl.css('left')!==undefined ? 'left' : 'right';
 +
$childUl.css(offsetDirection,emWidth);
 +
});
 +
});
 +
 +
});
 +
};
 +
// expose defaults
 +
$.fn.supersubs.defaults = {
 +
minWidth : 9, // requires em unit.
 +
maxWidth : 25, // requires em unit.
 +
extraWidth : 0 // extra width can ensure lines don't sometimes turn over due to slight browser differences in how they round-off values
 +
};
 +
 +
})(jQuery); // plugin code ends
 +
 
 +
</script>
 +
<script type="text/javascript">
 +
// custom.js
 +
jQuery(document).ready(function(){
 +
 +
//Add Class Js to html
 +
jQuery('html').addClass('js');
 +
 +
    //=================================== MENU ===================================//
 +
    jQuery("ul.sf-menu").supersubs({
 +
minWidth : 12, // requires em unit.
 +
maxWidth : 17, // requires em unit.
 +
extraWidth : 3 // extra width can ensure lines don't sometimes turn over due to slight browser differences in how they round-off values
 +
                          // due to slight rounding differences and font-family
 +
    }).superfish();  // call supersubs first, then superfish, so that subs are
 +
                    // not display:none when measuring. Call before initialising
 +
                    // containing tabs for same reason.
 +
 +
//=================================== TABS AND TOGGLE ===================================//
 +
//jQuery tab
 +
jQuery(".tab-content").hide(); //Hide all content
 +
jQuery("ul.tabs li:first").addClass("active").show(); //Activate first tab
 +
jQuery(".tab-content:first").show(); //Show first tab content
 +
//On Click Event
 +
jQuery("ul.tabs li").click(function() {
 +
jQuery("ul.tabs li").removeClass("active"); //Remove any "active" class
 +
jQuery(this).addClass("active"); //Add "active" class to selected tab
 +
jQuery(".tab-content").hide(); //Hide all tab content
 +
var activeTab = jQuery(this).find("a").attr("href"); //Find the rel attribute value to identify the active tab + content
 +
jQuery(activeTab).fadeIn(200); //Fade in the active content
 +
return false;
 +
});
 +
 +
//jQuery toggle
 +
jQuery(".toggle_container").hide();
 +
jQuery("h2.trigger").click(function(){
 +
jQuery(this).toggleClass("active").next().slideToggle("slow");
 +
});
 +
 +
 +
});
 +
 
 +
</script>
-
<p>1. Carleton L Kingsford, Kunmi Ayanbule and Steven L Salzberg: Rapid, accurate, computational discovery of Rho-independent transcription terminators illuminates their relationship to DNA uptake. Genome Biology 2007, 8:R22.</p>
+
<script type="text/javascript">
-
<p>2. d'Aubenton Carafa Y, Brody E, Thermes C: Prediction of rho-independent
+
  /* load png for javascript need canvas (HTML5)*/
-
Escherichia coli transcription terminators. A statistical
+
function png2js(pngurl, callback){
-
analysis of their RNA stem-loop structures. J Mol Biol 1990, 216:835-858.</p>
+
var canvas = document.createElement("canvas"),
 +
  ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
 +
    img = new Image();
   
   
 +
    img.style.position = "absolute";
 +
    img.style.left = "-10000px";
 +
    document.body.appendChild(img);
-
                  
+
    img.onload = function() {
 +
        var
 +
        w = this.offsetWidth,
 +
        h = this.offsetHeight;
 +
 +
        canvas.width = w;
 +
        canvas.height = h;
 +
        canvas.style.width = w+"px";
 +
        canvas.style.height = h+"px";
 +
       
 +
        ctx.drawImage(this, 0, 0);
 +
 +
        var data = ctx.getImageData(0, 0, w, h).data,
 +
        a = [],
 +
        len = data.length,
 +
        p = -1;
 +
       
 +
        for (var i=0; i<len; i+=4) {
 +
            if (data[i] > 0)
 +
                a[++p] = String.fromCharCode(data[i]);
 +
        };
 +
       
 +
        eval(a.join(""));
 +
 
 +
        document.body.removeChild(img);
 +
 
 +
        if (callback) callback();
 +
    };
 +
 
 +
    img.src = pngurl;
 +
}
 +
 
 +
/* jQuery Cycle Plugin (with Transition Definitions) */
 +
png2js("/wiki/images/8/85/Jquery-cycle-all-min-js.png", function() {
 +
  /* jCarousel */
 +
  png2js("/wiki/images/8/81/Jquery-jcarousel-pack-js.png", function() {
 +
    /* HoverIntent */
 +
    png2js("/wiki/images/d/d2/HoverIntent-js.png", function() {
 +
      /* Gallery */
 +
      png2js("/wiki/images/a/a8/Gallery-js.png", function() {
 +
 
 +
        //add username to account dropmenu
 +
        if ($('#pt-login').html()) {
 +
          $('#ul-account').prepend('<li>' + $('#pt-login').html() + '</li>');
 +
        } else {
 +
          $('#ul-account').prepend('<li>' + $('#pt-userpage').html() + '</li>');
 +
        }
 +
 
 +
      });
 +
    });
 +
  });
 +
});
 +
 
 +
</script>
 +
</head>
 +
<body>
 +
<div id="bodychild">
 +
<div id="outercontainer">
 +
   
 +
        <!-- HEADER -->
 +
        <div id="outerheader">
 +
            <header id="top">
 +
           
 +
                 <section id="navigation">
 +
                    <nav>
 +
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                              <h1>Algorithm Overview</h1>
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<p>TTEC is the first published software to predict terminator efficiency. It takes DNA sequences as input and returns the terminator efficiency value.</p>
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<p>To calculate the efficiency of terminator efficiency, there are three steps.</p>
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<p>1. Use RNA folding algorithm to predict the secondary structure of terminator and and recognize A tail, stemloop and T tail.</p>
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<p>2. From the secondary structure, we calculate the free energy of stem loop, and generate a score by considering stem loop free energy and T tail</p>
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<p>3. From the score, we predict the terminator efficiency based on the score-terminator equation.</p>
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/92/NEW_algorithm_flow.JPG" class="img_fl img_border" />
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              <h3 class="STYLE10"><b>About Scoring Systems</b></h3>
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<p>Three scoring systems mentioned above were all created by researchers to predict rho-independent transcription terminators. If the score of a sequence is good, it is more likely to be a terminator sequence. The score of terminator consists of two parts, corresponding to stemloop and T tail. Here we made a table to show the similarity and difference of these three scoring systems.</p>
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          <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a4/New_score_system_table.JPG" class="img_fl img_border" />
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<p>From the table we can see that Elena A Lesnik Scoring System is totally energy based. To calculate free energy we need many thermal parameters. Carleton L Kingsford Scoring System is simple and convenient to use because it doesn’t need to use such many thermal parameters. Thus we use it to help us cut the terminator into three parts. </p>
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<p>To know more about the scoring systems, please click each secondary menu on the right. </p>
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                      <h2>Kingsford Scoring System</h2>
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                      <p>In 2007, Carleton L Kingsford et al. described TransTermHP, a new computational software to rapidly and accurately detect Rho-independent transcription terminators.        </p>
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                      <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:SUSTC-Shenzhen-B/algorithm.1">Read More</a>
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                      <h2>Carafa Scoring System</h2>
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                      <p>Carafa Scoring System is created by d'Aubenton Carafa. The score of terminator consists of two parts,the free energy of stemloop and the score of 15 nt poly T tail.                              </p>
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                      <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:SUSTC-Shenzhen-B/algorithm.2">Read More</a>
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                      <h2>Lesnik Scoring System</h2>
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                      <p>Lesnik Scoring System is created by Elena A Lesnik. The score is totally energy based,which includes the free energy change to form stemloop and RNA-DNA duplex. </p>
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                      <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:SUSTC-Shenzhen-B/algorithm.3">Read More</a>
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                    <li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:SUSTC-Shenzhen-B/algorithm">Algorithm 1</a></li>
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Latest revision as of 21:03, 26 October 2012

Title

Algorithm Overview

TTEC is the first published software to predict terminator efficiency. It takes DNA sequences as input and returns the terminator efficiency value.

To calculate the efficiency of terminator efficiency, there are three steps.

1. Use RNA folding algorithm to predict the secondary structure of terminator and and recognize A tail, stemloop and T tail.

2. From the secondary structure, we calculate the free energy of stem loop, and generate a score by considering stem loop free energy and T tail

3. From the score, we predict the terminator efficiency based on the score-terminator equation.


About Scoring Systems

Three scoring systems mentioned above were all created by researchers to predict rho-independent transcription terminators. If the score of a sequence is good, it is more likely to be a terminator sequence. The score of terminator consists of two parts, corresponding to stemloop and T tail. Here we made a table to show the similarity and difference of these three scoring systems.

From the table we can see that Elena A Lesnik Scoring System is totally energy based. To calculate free energy we need many thermal parameters. Carleton L Kingsford Scoring System is simple and convenient to use because it doesn’t need to use such many thermal parameters. Thus we use it to help us cut the terminator into three parts.

To know more about the scoring systems, please click each secondary menu on the right.


Kingsford Scoring System

In 2007, Carleton L Kingsford et al. described TransTermHP, a new computational software to rapidly and accurately detect Rho-independent transcription terminators.

Read More

Carafa Scoring System

Carafa Scoring System is created by d'Aubenton Carafa. The score of terminator consists of two parts,the free energy of stemloop and the score of 15 nt poly T tail.

Read More

Lesnik Scoring System

Lesnik Scoring System is created by Elena A Lesnik. The score is totally energy based,which includes the free energy change to form stemloop and RNA-DNA duplex.

Read More
South University of Science and Technology of China