Team:Exeter/Applications
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<p>Cyclodextrin can act as a cholesterol reducing agent removing cholesterol from food products [9]. </p> | <p>Cyclodextrin can act as a cholesterol reducing agent removing cholesterol from food products [9]. </p> | ||
<p>Could this one day take the form of an elite <i>“diet”</i> pill? It wouldn’t be an alternative to exercise though, were such a tablet to exist, people would still need to keep fit to obtain any muscle!</p> | <p>Could this one day take the form of an elite <i>“diet”</i> pill? It wouldn’t be an alternative to exercise though, were such a tablet to exist, people would still need to keep fit to obtain any muscle!</p> | ||
- | <p>We have synthesized the gene amyA from <i>Bacillus sp</i> 1011,GI:1942571. This codes for cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase which is the enzyme responsible for the enzymatic conversion of starch to the cyclic oligosaccharide cyclodextrin. The gene has been submitted to the registry as part | + | <p>We have synthesized the gene amyA from <i>Bacillus sp</i> 1011,GI:1942571. This codes for cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase which is the enzyme responsible for the enzymatic conversion of starch to the cyclic oligosaccharide cyclodextrin. The gene has been submitted to the registry as part |
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+ | BBa_K764023.</p><br> | ||
<p><br><CENTER><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/80/Exe2012_appfoo.jpg" alt="" title="" width="780" height="272"></CENTER></p><br><br> | <p><br><CENTER><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/80/Exe2012_appfoo.jpg" alt="" title="" width="780" height="272"></CENTER></p><br><br> | ||
- | <p>It has been shown that polysaccharides can not only stimulate the germination of some seeds but also protect plants from specific pathogens and funguses[1]. </p> | + | <p>It has been shown that polysaccharides can not only stimulate the germination of some seeds but also protect plants from specific pathogens and funguses [1]. </p> |
<p>When extended space flight becomes a reality, consumable lifetime will be a serious issue. Therefore polysaccharide coating could provide a means to supply a space vessel with not only a sufficient amount of long lasting food, but also provisions that are resistant to; water loss, bacterial growth, and mutations from ionising radiation. </p> <br> | <p>When extended space flight becomes a reality, consumable lifetime will be a serious issue. Therefore polysaccharide coating could provide a means to supply a space vessel with not only a sufficient amount of long lasting food, but also provisions that are resistant to; water loss, bacterial growth, and mutations from ionising radiation. </p> <br> | ||
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- | + | <p>Could it be possible to produce polysaccharides that have specific hydro(phobic/phillic) domains that would self-assemble when introduced to water. We believe that not only could this be possible but multitudes of new, novel and exciting materials, [10], could one day present themselves.<p><br> | |
- | + | <p>The self-healing abilities of certain types of supramolecular elastomers arise due to their intermolecular interactions[10]. We think this could be improved upon using research into polysaccharides, to create a glue, gel or paint like product which could be easily sprayed or coated onto materials which need protecting. These could include covering a vehicle to make it effectively “scratch proof” or, producing a thinner film to cover screens, like those found on smart phones, which come under a constant barrage of attacks daily from keys and coins!</p> | |
- | <p>The self-healing abilities of certain types of supramolecular elastomers arise due to their intermolecular interactions. We think this could be improved upon using research into polysaccharides, to create a glue, gel or paint like product which could be easily sprayed or coated onto materials which need protecting. These could include covering a vehicle to make it effectively “scratch proof” or, producing a thinner film to cover screens, like those found on smart phones, which come under a constant barrage of attacks daily from keys and coins!</p><br> | + | <p>Perhaps one day polysaccharides with such “self-healing” abilities could be used in the production of clothes. Possibly this could make them resistant to staining from food, drink and toothpaste but also resilient to rips and tears?</p> |
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+ | <p>Newcastle 2010 | ||
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+ | iGEM team thought that the glue like polysaccharide levansucrase could be strong enough to be used in fixing cracks in cement! Could a modified polysaccharide be embedded into climbing gear to make your very own lizard/spider suit?</p><br> | ||
<p>Still not satisfied?</p><br> | <p>Still not satisfied?</p><br> | ||
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+ | <p><br><br>There could be endless possibilities in how polysaccharides can be used to help achieve new and exciting applications. These are some of the reasons why we believe our project could make a fundamental difference in not only the world of synthetic biology but science as a whole. </p> | ||
+ | <p>The building blocks for taking science a step further starts here.</p><br><br> | ||
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+ | <p> [1] M. Wisniewska et al: Biological properties of Chitosan degradation products: Polish Chitin Society: Monograph XII:149-156:2007.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[2]M. Kucharska et al: Potential use of Chitosan – based material in medicine: Polish Chitin Society: Vol. XV: 169-175:2010.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[3] W. Comper et al: Physiological function of connective tissue polysaccharides: Physiol Rev: Vol. 58: 255-315:1978.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[4] A.Furth: Lipids and Polysaccharides in Biology: Issue 125 of Studies of Biology: ISBN 0713128054.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[5] P. Dutta et al: Chitin and Chitosan: Chemistry, properties and applications: J. Scientific & Ind Res: Vol.63: 20-31:2004. </p> | ||
+ | <p>[6] G. Crini: Recent developments in polysaccharide-based materials used as adsorbents in wastewater treatment: Prog. Polym. Sci: Vol. 30: 38-70: 2005.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[7] K. Walters,Jr. et al: A nonprotein thermal hysteresis-producing Xylomannan antifreeze in the freeze-tolerant Alaskan beetle Upis ceramboides: PNAS: Vol.106 No.48: 20210-20215: 2009.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[8] M. Volpe et al: Polysaccharides as biopolymers for food shelf-life extension: recent patents: Recent Pat. Nutr. Agric: Vol. 2: 129-139: 2010.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[9] L. Alonso et al: Use of β-cyclodextrin to decrease the level of cholesterol in milk fat: J. Dairy Sci: Vol. 92: 863-869: 2009.</p> | ||
+ | <p>[10] T. Aida et al: Functional Supramolecular Polymers: Science: Vol. 335: 813-817: 2012.</p> | ||
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Revision as of 19:43, 25 September 2012
Polysaccharides have a spectacular range of properties. These properties stem from the relationships between the chemical nature of the sugars within the polysaccharide, their arrangement within the polymer and the arrangement of the polymer itself. Polysaccharides appear in every corner of the natural world and have multiple applications ranging from protection to energy storage. Not surprisingly humanity has taken advantage of their diversity and by doing so created a huge variety of uses within the medicinal, material and consumable sectors, as shown by the wealth of scientific literature available. In this section we invite you to take a brief look at what could one day be possible if a system to design and build bespoke polysaccharides existed. Alex Clowsley, 2012. |