http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&feed=atom&action=historyTeam:British Columbia/Safety - Revision history2024-03-28T11:15:05ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.16.0http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=264159&oldid=prevRsaer at 01:42, 4 October 20122012-10-04T01:42:11Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>1. Would any of your parts or project ideas raise safety issues?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>1. Would any of your parts or project ideas raise safety issues?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td></tr>
</table>Rsaerhttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=264151&oldid=prevRsaer at 01:41, 4 October 20122012-10-04T01:41:51Z<p></p>
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</table>Rsaerhttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=187886&oldid=prevAyjchan at 06:59, 26 September 20122012-09-26T06:59:10Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>A. Risks to the safety and health of team members or others in the lab?</b></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>A. Risks to the safety and health of team members or others in the lab?</b></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No. Upon assessment, our engineered parts present a very low risk to the safety of the researcher, public, and the environment. Every team member has completed the introductory laboratory safety courses. </br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No. Upon assessment, our engineered parts present a very low risk to the safety of the researcher, public, and the environment. Every team member has completed the introductory laboratory safety courses. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></br></br></ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The main chassis we are working with, a derivative from <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12, is a non-pathogenic strain. It is not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans and is of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. There are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.).</br></ins></br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The main chassis we are working with, a derivative from <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12, is a non-pathogenic strain. It is not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans and is of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. There are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.).</br></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We will also briefly work with <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i>, which is also non-pathogenic. Like the <i>E. coli</i> strain we used, <i>R. erythropolis</i> posed no health hazards if normal biological laboratory procedures are followed. </br></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We will also briefly work with <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i>, which is also non-pathogenic. Like the <i>E. coli</i> strain we used, <i>R. erythropolis</i> posed no health hazards if normal biological laboratory procedures are followed. </br></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>At the moment, it doesn't seem very feasible to maliciously misuse our organisms or desulfurization reagents, since they don't pose a serious or immediate health or environmental threat.</br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>At the moment, it doesn't seem very feasible to maliciously misuse our organisms or desulfurization reagents, since they don't pose a serious or immediate health or environmental threat.</br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No, we do not believe that the BioBrick parts made this year raise any safety issues. Our biobrick parts consist of genes in amino acid synthesis pathways, fluorescent proteins, and the Dsz desulfurization pathway. The amino acid components are easily found in the laboratory and in nature, while fluorescent proteins pose no threat to safety. Desulfurization pathway enzymes were originally isolated in 1990 and have since been extensively characterized. Their specific activities are not expected to be harmful to researchers, the public or the environment.</br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No, we do not believe that the BioBrick parts made this year raise any safety issues. Our biobrick parts consist of genes in amino acid synthesis pathways, fluorescent proteins, and the Dsz desulfurization pathway. The amino acid components are easily found in the laboratory and in nature, while fluorescent proteins pose no threat to safety. Desulfurization pathway enzymes were originally isolated in 1990 and have since been extensively characterized. Their specific activities are not expected to be harmful to researchers, the public or the environment.</br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution? If yes, what does your local biosafety group think about your project? If no, which specific biosafety rules or guidelines do you have to consider in your country?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution? If yes, what does your local biosafety group think about your project? If no, which specific biosafety rules or guidelines do you have to consider in your country?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>A and B. Does your institution have its own biosafety rules? Does your institution have an Institutional Biosafety Committee? Have you discussed your project with them?</b></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>A and B. Does your institution have its own biosafety rules? Does your institution have an Institutional Biosafety Committee? Have you discussed your project with them?</b></br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>UBC's <a href="http://www.ors.ubc.ca/ors/biosafety">biosafety committee</a> has the institutional biosafety rules on their <a href="http://www.ors.ubc.ca/contents/biohazard-policies">biohazard policies website</a>. They are part of the Risk Management Services at UBC which educates and ensures UBC staff follows safe laboratory procedures at all times. The biosafety committee governs whether or not research can be conducted at UBC. They are composed of UBC faculty, staff, a biosafety advisor and the manager of occupational safety. In order for research to be done, the principle investigator must submit an application that outlines: objectives, methods, procedures, biosafety, what work will be done and where, what materials will be used, and waste management procedures. After this is submitted, the UBC Biosafety Committee will either reject or approve the principle investigator to do his/her work. They are granted Biohazard Approval Certification for 4 years but they must renew their certification annually.</br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>UBC's <a href="http://www.ors.ubc.ca/ors/biosafety">biosafety committee</a> has the institutional biosafety rules on their <a href="http://www.ors.ubc.ca/contents/biohazard-policies">biohazard policies website</a>. They are part of the Risk Management Services at UBC which educates and ensures UBC staff follows safe laboratory procedures at all times. The biosafety committee governs whether or not research can be conducted at UBC. They are composed of UBC faculty, staff, a biosafety advisor and the manager of occupational safety. In order for research to be done, the principle investigator must submit an application that outlines: objectives, methods, procedures, biosafety, what work will be done and where, what materials will be used, and waste management procedures. After this is submitted, the UBC Biosafety Committee will either reject or approve the principle investigator to do his/her work. They are granted Biohazard Approval Certification for 4 years but they must renew their certification annually.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></br></ins></br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We specifically spoke with the safety adviser at UBC. We have the appropriate biosafety approval to do the wet lab portion of our iGEM project in the Life Sciences Centre at UBC. We are working in a lab that already has its principle investigator approved to do similar research and we are not testing new procedures which have not been approved yet.</br></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We specifically spoke with the safety adviser at UBC. We have the appropriate biosafety approval to do the wet lab portion of our iGEM project in the Life Sciences Centre at UBC. We are working in a lab that already has its principle investigator approved to do similar research and we are not testing new procedures which have not been approved yet.</br></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>C. Did you receive any biosafety and/or lab training before beginning your project?</b></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>C. Did you receive any biosafety and/or lab training before beginning your project?</b></br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each student on our team has gone through basic laboratory safety courses put on by the Risk Management Services. The <a href="http://riskmanagement.ubc.ca/courses/intro-lab-safety">basic laboratory safety</a> served to cover topics such as the Workplace Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS), biohazards, hazardous chemicals, and radioactive materials. </br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each student on our team has gone through basic laboratory safety courses put on by the Risk Management Services. The <a href="http://riskmanagement.ubc.ca/courses/intro-lab-safety">basic laboratory safety</a> served to cover topics such as the Workplace Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS), biohazards, hazardous chemicals, and radioactive materials. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></br></ins></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Graduate student advisors and other researchers have all received in-depth safety training in biological and chemical safety and trained and directly supervised iGEM members during project experiments. The team also established <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:British_Columbia/Protocols">general safe protocols</a>. </br></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Graduate student advisors and other researchers have all received in-depth safety training in biological and chemical safety and trained and directly supervised iGEM members during project experiments. The team also established <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:British_Columbia/Protocols">general safe protocols</a>. </br></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>D. Does your country have national biosafety regulations or guidelines?</b></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><b>D. Does your country have national biosafety regulations or guidelines?</b></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The Canadian government has 2 bodies which overlook each biosafety committee at Canadian universities. The first is the <a href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php">Public Health Agency of Canada</a>. They published the <a href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/">“Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines”</a> – a booklet that outlines all the rules which biological labs must follow. The second group is the <a href="http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toce.shtml">Canadian Food Inspection Agency</a> which mostly deals with plants and animals.</br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The Canadian government has 2 bodies which overlook each biosafety committee at Canadian universities. The first is the <a href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php">Public Health Agency of Canada</a>. They published the <a href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/">“Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines”</a> – a booklet that outlines all the rules which biological labs must follow. The second group is the <a href="http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toce.shtml">Canadian Food Inspection Agency</a> which mostly deals with plants and animals.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></br></ins></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Additionally, should we ever choose to commercialize and release a product, it would be into controlled reactor vessels of oil refineries. Even though the microorganisms are not directly released into the environment, we would have to go through numerous other agencies in Canada – most notably <a href="http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en">Environment Canada</a>. It is only after strict screening and investigation that such a product would be allowed to be used commercially outside of laboratories.</br></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Additionally, should we ever choose to commercialize and release a product, it would be into controlled reactor vessels of oil refineries. Even though the microorganisms are not directly released into the environment, we would have to go through numerous other agencies in Canada – most notably <a href="http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en">Environment Canada</a>. It is only after strict screening and investigation that such a product would be allowed to be used commercially outside of laboratories.</br></br></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font face=arial narrow size=4><b>4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?</b></br></br></font><font face=arial narrow></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Biosafety is a major aspect of our project this year. We are focusing on two ways to limit safety risks posed by released organisms:</br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Biosafety is a major aspect of our project this year. We are focusing on two ways to limit safety risks posed by released organisms:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></br></ins></br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>1) Distributed pathways -- By taking a single pathway and distributing the necessary pieces among various members of a microbial consortia, the possibility of the entire pathway being transferred to wild organisms drastically decreases.</br> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>1) Distributed pathways -- By taking a single pathway and distributing the necessary pieces among various members of a microbial consortia, the possibility of the entire pathway being transferred to wild organisms drastically decreases.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></br> </ins></br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>2) Effective kill switches -- The use of tested and effective kill switch mechanisms will control engineered organisms that are introduced to the environment. Through the standardized evaluation of kill-switch efficacy, will aid iGEM teams in choosing the best system for their project. Such an evaluation will be made possible by the protocol that is designed and tested as a result of the collaboration between the 2012 University of Calgary and University of British Columbia teams.</br></br></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>2) Effective kill switches -- The use of tested and effective kill switch mechanisms will control engineered organisms that are introduced to the environment. Through the standardized evaluation of kill-switch efficacy, will aid iGEM teams in choosing the best system for their project. Such an evaluation will be made possible by the protocol that is designed and tested as a result of the collaboration between the 2012 University of Calgary and University of British Columbia teams.</br></br></div></td></tr>
</table>Ayjchanhttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=187853&oldid=prevAyjchan at 06:56, 26 September 20122012-09-26T06:56:28Z<p></p>
<a href="http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=187853&oldid=101811">Show changes</a>Ayjchanhttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=101811&oldid=prevTingchiawong at 02:01, 8 September 20122012-09-08T02:01:37Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''C. Risks to environmental quality if released by design or accident?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''C. Risks to environmental quality if released by design or accident?'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The only component of our project that may pose an environmental risk is the chemical reagents and products involved in the desulfurization process. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Gasoline, petroleum </del>fractions and dibenzothiopene are potential pollutants but storage, bench work and waste disposal are being carried out in accordance with UBC's chemical safety procedures. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The only component of our project that may pose an environmental risk is the chemical reagents and products involved in the desulfurization process. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Petroleum </ins>fractions and dibenzothiopene are potential pollutants but storage, bench work and waste disposal are being carried out in accordance with UBC's chemical safety procedures. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''D. Risks to security through malicious misuse by individuals, groups or states?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''D. Risks to security through malicious misuse by individuals, groups or states?'''</div></td></tr>
</table>Tingchiawonghttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=101153&oldid=prevMvanins at 20:32, 7 September 20122012-09-07T20:32:59Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The main chassis we are working with, a derivative from ''Escherichia coli'' K12, is a non-pathogenic strain. It is not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans and is of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. There are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The main chassis we are working with, a derivative from ''Escherichia coli'' K12, is a non-pathogenic strain. It is not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans and is of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. There are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We will also briefly work with ''Rhodococcus erythropolis'', which is also non-pathogenic. Like the ''E. coli'' strain we used, ''R. erythropolis'' posed no health hazards if normal biological laboratory procedures are followed. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We will also briefly work with ''Rhodococcus erythropolis'', which is also non-pathogenic. Like the ''E. coli'' strain we used, ''R. erythropolis'' posed no health hazards if normal biological laboratory procedures are followed. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''B. Risks to the safety and health of the general public if released by design or accident?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''B. Risks to the safety and health of the general public if released by design or accident?'''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>===2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>===2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No, we do not <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">have any safety issues with </del>the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Biobrick </del>parts made this year. Our biobrick parts consist of genes in amino acid pathways, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of </del>fluorescent proteins, and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of </del>the Dsz desulfurization pathway. The amino acid components are easily found in the laboratory and in nature, while fluorescent proteins pose no threat to safety. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Dsz </del>pathway enzymes .<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</del>.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No, we do not <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">believe that </ins>the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">BioBrick </ins>parts made this year <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">raise any safety issues</ins>. Our biobrick parts consist of genes in amino acid <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">synthesis </ins>pathways, fluorescent proteins, and the Dsz desulfurization pathway. The amino acid components are easily found in the laboratory and in nature, while fluorescent proteins pose no threat to safety. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Desulfurization </ins>pathway enzymes <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">were originally isolated in 1990 and have since been extensively characterized</ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Their specific activities are not expected to be harmful to researchers, the public or the environment</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''A and B. Does your institution have its own biosafety rules? Does your institution have an Institutional Biosafety Committee? Have you discussed your project with them?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''A and B. Does your institution have its own biosafety rules? Does your institution have an Institutional Biosafety Committee? Have you discussed your project with them?'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>UBC's '''[http://www.ors.ubc.ca/ors/biosafety biosafety committee]''' has the institutional biosafety rules on their '''[http://www.ors.ubc.ca/contents/biohazard-policies biohazard policies <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">site</del>]'''. They are part of the Risk Management Services at UBC which educates and ensures UBC staff follows safe laboratory procedures at all times. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Biosafety </del>committee governs whether or not research can be conducted at UBC. They are composed of UBC faculty, staff, a biosafety advisor and the manager of occupational safety. In order for research to be done, the principle investigator must submit an application that outlines: objectives, methods, procedures, biosafety, what work will be done and where, what materials will be used, and waste management procedures. After this is submitted, the UBC Biosafety Committee will either reject or approve the principle investigator to do his/her work. They are granted Biohazard Approval Certification for 4 years but they must renew their certification annually.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>UBC's '''[http://www.ors.ubc.ca/ors/biosafety biosafety committee]''' has the institutional biosafety rules on their '''[http://www.ors.ubc.ca/contents/biohazard-policies biohazard policies <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">website</ins>]'''. They are part of the Risk Management Services at UBC which educates and ensures UBC staff follows safe laboratory procedures at all times. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The biosafety </ins>committee governs whether or not research can be conducted at UBC. They are composed of UBC faculty, staff, a biosafety advisor and the manager of occupational safety. In order for research to be done, the principle investigator must submit an application that outlines: objectives, methods, procedures, biosafety, what work will be done and where, what materials will be used, and waste management procedures. After this is submitted, the UBC Biosafety Committee will either reject or approve the principle investigator to do his/her work. They are granted Biohazard Approval Certification for 4 years but they must renew their certification annually.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We specifically spoke with the safety adviser at UBC. We have the appropriate biosafety approval to do the wet lab portion of our iGEM project in the Life Sciences Centre at UBC. We are working in a lab that already has its principle investigator approved to do similar research and we are not testing new procedures which have not been approved yet.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We specifically spoke with the safety adviser at UBC. We have the appropriate biosafety approval to do the wet lab portion of our iGEM project in the Life Sciences Centre at UBC. We are working in a lab that already has its principle investigator approved to do similar research and we are not testing new procedures which have not been approved yet.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''C. Did you receive any biosafety and/or lab training before beginning your project?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''C. Did you receive any biosafety and/or lab training before beginning your project?'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each student on our team has gone through basic <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">biosafety </del>courses put on by the Risk Management Services. The '''[http://riskmanagement.ubc.ca/courses/intro-lab-safety basic laboratory safety]''' served to cover topics such as the Workplace Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS), biohazards, hazardous chemicals, and radioactive materials. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Each student on our team has gone through basic <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">laboratory safety </ins>courses put on by the Risk Management Services. The '''[http://riskmanagement.ubc.ca/courses/intro-lab-safety basic laboratory safety]''' served to cover topics such as the Workplace Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS), biohazards, hazardous chemicals, and radioactive materials. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Graduate student advisors and other researchers <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">with expertise </del>in <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">special techniques </del>trained <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">lab </del>members <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">before we started </del>project experiments. The team also established '''[https://2012.igem.org/Team:British_Columbia/Protocols general safe protocols]''' . </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Graduate student advisors and other researchers <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">have all received </ins>in<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">-depth safety training in biological and chemical safety and </ins>trained <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and directly supervised iGEM </ins>members <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">during </ins>project experiments. The team also established '''[https://2012.igem.org/Team:British_Columbia/Protocols general safe protocols]''' . </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''D. Does your country have national biosafety regulations or guidelines?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''D. Does your country have national biosafety regulations or guidelines?'''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The Canadian government has 2 bodies which overlook each biosafety committee at Canadian universities. The first is the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php Public Health Agency of Canada]'''. They published the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/ “Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines”]''' – a booklet that outlines all the rules which biological labs must follow. The second group is the '''[http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toce.shtml Canadian Food Inspection Agency]''' which mostly deals with plants and animals.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The Canadian government has 2 bodies which overlook each biosafety committee at Canadian universities. The first is the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php Public Health Agency of Canada]'''. They published the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/ “Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines”]''' – a booklet that outlines all the rules which biological labs must follow. The second group is the '''[http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toce.shtml Canadian Food Inspection Agency]''' which mostly deals with plants and animals.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Additionally, should we ever choose to release a product, it would be into controlled reactor vessels of oil refineries. Even though the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">microorganism </del>are not directly released into the environment, we would have to go through numerous other agencies in Canada – most notably '''[http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en Environment Canada]'''. It is only after strict screening and investigation that such a product would be allowed to be used commercially outside of laboratories.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Additionally, should we ever choose to <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">commercialize and </ins>release a product, it would be into controlled reactor vessels of oil refineries. Even though the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">microorganisms </ins>are not directly released into the environment, we would have to go through numerous other agencies in Canada – most notably '''[http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en Environment Canada]'''. It is only after strict screening and investigation that such a product would be allowed to be used commercially outside of laboratories.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Biosafety is a major aspect of our project this year. We are focusing on two ways to limit safety risks posed by released organisms:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Biosafety is a major aspect of our project this year. We are focusing on two ways to limit safety risks posed by released organisms:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>1) '''Distributed pathways''' -- By taking <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">apart </del>a single pathway and distributing the pieces among various members of a consortia, the possibility of the entire pathway being transferred to wild organisms drastically decreases.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>1) '''Distributed pathways''' -- By taking a single pathway and distributing the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">necessary </ins>pieces among various members of a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">microbial </ins>consortia, the possibility of the entire pathway being transferred to wild organisms drastically decreases. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>2) '''Effective kill switches''' -- The use of tested and effective kill switch mechanisms will control engineered organisms that are introduced to the environment. Through the standardized evaluation of kill-switch efficacy, will aid iGEM teams in choosing the best system for their project. Such an evaluation will be made possible by the protocol that is designed and tested as a result of the collaboration between the 2012 University of Calgary and University of British Columbia teams.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>2) '''Effective kill switches''' -- The use of tested and effective kill switch mechanisms will control engineered organisms that are introduced to the environment. Through the standardized evaluation of kill-switch efficacy, will aid iGEM teams in choosing the best system for their project. Such an evaluation will be made possible by the protocol that is designed and tested as a result of the collaboration between the 2012 University of Calgary and University of British Columbia teams.</div></td></tr>
</table>Mvaninshttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=101104&oldid=prevMvanins: /* 1. Would any of your parts or project ideas raise safety issues? */2012-09-07T19:47:06Z<p><span class="autocomment">1. Would any of your parts or project ideas raise safety issues?</span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''A. Risks to the safety and health of team members or others in the lab?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''A. Risks to the safety and health of team members or others in the lab?'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No. Upon assessment, our engineered parts present a very low risk to the safety of the researcher, public, and the environment. Every team member has completed the introductory <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">biosafety </del>courses. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No. Upon assessment, our engineered parts present a very low risk to the safety of the researcher, public, and the environment. Every team member has completed the introductory <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">laboratory safety </ins>courses. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The main chassis we are working with, a derivative from ''Escherichia coli'' K12, is a non-pathogenic strain. It is not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans and is of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. There are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.). We also <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">deal very </del>briefly with ''Rhodococcus erythropolis'', which is non-pathogenic <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">as well</del>. Like the E. coli strain we used, R. erythropolis posed no health hazards if normal biological laboratory procedures are followed. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The main chassis we are working with, a derivative from ''Escherichia coli'' K12, is a non-pathogenic strain. It is not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans and is of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. There are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>We <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">will </ins>also briefly <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">work </ins>with ''Rhodococcus erythropolis'', which is <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">also </ins>non-pathogenic. Like the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>E. coli<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'' </ins>strain we used, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>R. erythropolis<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'' </ins>posed no health hazards if normal biological laboratory procedures are followed. </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''B. Risks to the safety and health of the general public if released by design or accident?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''B. Risks to the safety and health of the general public if released by design or accident?'''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''C. Risks to environmental quality if released by design or accident?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''C. Risks to environmental quality if released by design or accident?'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The only component of our project that may pose an environmental risk is the chemical reagents and products involved in the desulfurization process. Gasoline and dibenzothiopene are potential pollutants<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>but <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the effect is negligible at the miniscule volumes we use (e.g.</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">)</del>. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The only component of our project that may pose an environmental risk is the chemical reagents and products involved in the desulfurization process. Gasoline<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, petroleum fractions </ins>and dibenzothiopene are potential pollutants but <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">storage</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">bench work and waste disposal are being carried out in accordance with UBC's chemical safety procedures</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''D. Risks to security through malicious misuse by individuals, groups or states?'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>'''D. Risks to security through malicious misuse by individuals, groups or states?'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>At the moment, it doesn't seem very feasible to maliciously misuse our <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">bacteria </del>or desulfurization reagents, since they don't pose a serious or immediate health or environmental threat.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>At the moment, it doesn't seem very feasible to maliciously misuse our <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">organisms </ins>or desulfurization reagents, since they don't pose a serious or immediate health or environmental threat.</div></td></tr>
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</table>Mvaninshttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=99526&oldid=prevTingchiawong: /* 3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution? If yes, what does your local biosafety group think about your project? If no, which specific biosafety rules or guidelines do you have to consider in your country2012-09-07T06:41:41Z<p>/* 3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution? If yes, what does your local biosafety group think about your project? If no, which specific biosafety rules or guidelines do you have to consider in your country</p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The Canadian government has 2 bodies which overlook each biosafety committee at Canadian universities. The first is the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php Public Health Agency of Canada]'''. They published the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/ “Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines”]''' – a booklet that outlines all the rules which biological labs must follow. The second group is the '''[http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toce.shtml Canadian Food Inspection Agency]''' which mostly deals with plants and animals.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The Canadian government has 2 bodies which overlook each biosafety committee at Canadian universities. The first is the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/index-eng.php Public Health Agency of Canada]'''. They published the '''[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/lbg-ldmbl-04/ “Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines”]''' – a booklet that outlines all the rules which biological labs must follow. The second group is the '''[http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/toce.shtml Canadian Food Inspection Agency]''' which mostly deals with plants and animals.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Additionally, should we ever choose to release a product, it would be into controlled reactor vessels of oil refineries. Even though the microorganism are not directly released into the environment, we would have to go through numerous other agencies in Canada – most notably '''[http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en Environment Canada]'''. It is only after strict screening and investigation that such a product would be allowed to be used <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">regularly </del>outside laboratories.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Additionally, should we ever choose to release a product, it would be into controlled reactor vessels of oil refineries. Even though the microorganism are not directly released into the environment, we would have to go through numerous other agencies in Canada – most notably '''[http://www.ec.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en Environment Canada]'''. It is only after strict screening and investigation that such a product would be allowed to be used <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">commercially </ins>outside <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of </ins>laboratories.</div></td></tr>
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</table>Tingchiawonghttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=99521&oldid=prevTingchiawong at 06:40, 7 September 20122012-09-07T06:40:33Z<p></p>
<a href="http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=99521&oldid=96758">Show changes</a>Tingchiawonghttp://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:British_Columbia/Safety&diff=96758&oldid=prevJoeho604: /* 1. Would any of your parts or project ideas raise safety issues? */2012-09-05T16:43:10Z<p><span class="autocomment">1. Would any of your parts or project ideas raise safety issues?</span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No. Upon assessment, our engineered parts present a very low risk to the safety of the researcher, public and the environment. Every team member has completed the introductory biosafety courses. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>No. Upon assessment, our engineered parts present a very low risk to the safety of the researcher, public and the environment. Every team member has completed the introductory biosafety courses. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The main chassis we are working with, Escherichia coli K12, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> This collection includes only </del>non-pathogenic <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">strains of : predominantly K-12 derivatives</del>,</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The main chassis we are working with, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a derivative from </ins>Escherichia coli K12, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is a </ins>non-pathogenic <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">strain</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">which </ins>not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans, and of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">is one of the well-characterized agents </del>not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans, and of minimal potential hazard to laboratory personnel and the environment. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The G. clavigera bluestain fungus has not been shown to cause disease in humans and there are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.). </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>The G. clavigera bluestain fungus has not been shown to cause disease in humans and there are no special biosafety protocols researchers have to follow, other than basic treatment of equipment and materials coming into contact with the organism (autoclaving, etc.). </div></td></tr>
</table>Joeho604