http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Contributions/Nitroneet_119&feed=atom&limit=50&target=Nitroneet_119&year=&month=2012.igem.org - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T13:36:38ZFrom 2012.igem.orgMediaWiki 1.16.0http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:57:18Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice". */</p>
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===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" on November.<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:ENGLISH.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
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=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
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{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:51:28Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
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<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" on November.<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:ENGLISH.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/File:ENGLISH.pdfFile:ENGLISH.pdf2012-10-27T03:50:53Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:48:32Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" on November.<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=ENGLISH|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:46:41Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" on November.<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|ENGLISH|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:41:44Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" on November.<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:41:29Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" on November<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-27T03:40:18Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this.<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Template:Kyoto/Project/FlowerFairyTemplate:Kyoto/Project/FlowerFairy2012-10-27T03:37:55Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Realizing Flower Fairy in real world */</p>
<hr />
<div><ul class="kyoto-post-it"><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Introduction.png|30px|link=#FFEIntroduction]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Experiment.png|30px|link=#FFEResults]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Discussion.png|30px|link=#FFEDiscussion]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Reference.png|30px|link=#FFEReferences]]</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEIntroduction"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_IntroductionHeader.png|link=|Introduction]]=<br />
===Realizing Flower Fairy in real world===<br />
[[File:FFT_kyoto.png |left|300px]]<br />
Have you ever seen flower fairies? Probably the answer is "NO", (though some of you might have come across them in your childhood,) because they are imaginary creatures which exist only in fairy tales. Don’t you think it would be wonderful if you could live with flower fairies? In addition, their lovely power to make flowers bloom would be profitable for us in many ways, such as application to agriculture. This is why we have set our project for realizing Flower Fairy E.coli with synthetic biology!!<br />
In order to realize our dream, we focused on '''FT protein''', known as Florigen.This protein is a kind of plant hormones. First of all, FT proteins are produced in leaves, and then move to the shoot apex and bloom flowers. Therefore, FT protein is the key to our project.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
===Our Goal is to induce flower formation just by putting Flower Fairy E.coli on leaves!===<br />
When you want to use our Flower Fairy E.coli, all you have to do is just put them on plant leaves! When you spread Flower Fairy E.coli, FT proteins are secreted and penetrate the cell membrane of a plant, and the plant starts blooming.<br><br><br />
<br />
<html>We had to go through four steps in order to achieve our goal――Flower Fairy E.coli.<br><br />
These four steps are <a href="#Expression">“<b>EXPRESSION</b>”</a>,<a href="#Secretion">”<b>SECRETION</b>”</a>,<br />
<a href="#Penetration">”<b>PENETRATION</b>”</a>, and <a href="#Activation">”<b>ACTIVATION</b>”</a><br><br></html><br />
<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff;" width="700"><br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Expression.png|frameless|266px|link=#Expression]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Activation.png|frameless|373px|link=#Activation]]<br><br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Secretion.png|frameless|266px|link=#Secretion]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Penetration.png|frameless|373px|link=#Penetration]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<html>In each step, we have some problems to be attacked.<br><br />
<a href="#Expression">“<b>EXPRESSION</b>”</a>; It is unclear whether <i>E.coli</i> can express FT protein, because FT protein is derived from plant cells .<br><br />
<a href="#Secretion">”<b>SECRETION</b>”</a>; After produced, ''E.coli'' have to secrete FT protein outside of themselves.<br><br />
<a href="#Penetration">”<b>PENETRATION</b>”</a>; FT protein has to penetrate into plant cells.<br><br />
<a href="#Activation">”<b>ACTIVATION</b>”</a>; Even if FT protein could get into the cells, it is unclear whether FT protein produced by <i>E.coli</i> can activate genes in shoot apex cells and induce flower formation.</html><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEResults"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Experiments&ResultsHeader.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
<br />
<html><a name="Expression"></a></html><br />
==1.EXPRESSION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン1.png|200px|left|link=|Expression]]<br />
<br />
The first step is '''EXPRESSION'''.<br> We had to make ''E.coli'' produce FT protein.<br />
<br />
However, in the natural environment, wild''E.coli'' don't have ''FT'' gene. Therefore we tried to make a new BioBrick part including ''FT'' gene and introduce it into ''E.coli''.<br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br><br><br />
=== Modifying ''FT'' gene for Biobrick ===<br />
<br />
''FT'' gene is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'', a model plant. Professor Araki in Kyoto University kindly gave us ''FT'' cDNA in TOPO blunt end 2(Invitrogen). ''FT'' cDNA has two cleavage sites of iGEM restriction enzymes, EcoR1 and Pst1 (Fig.1-1 A), therefore we modified ''FT'' gene sequence by Inverse PCR with primers containing two base mismatches between primer and cDNA(Fig.1-1 B). As a result, we could get mutated FT cDNA, which are not cleaved by iGEM restriction enzymes, and then we added prefix and suffix to ''FT''. Finally, we could make new BioBrick parts of ''FT'' (Fig.1-1 C). <br />
<br />
[[File:FTabc.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.1-1<br>A : Necessity for mutation of ''FT'' cDNA. ''FT'' sequence had two cleavage sites of iGEM restriction enzymes.<br>B : Inverse PCR Method<br> Inverse PCR is a measure of mutating ''FT'' gene segment. Inverse direction of primers and designing those including mismatch residue leads to mutation of the original plasmid.<br>C : Standardization of ''FT'' cDNA. We had mutated and added prefix and suffix to ''FT''.]]<br />
<br><br />
<br />
=== Confirming expression of FT ===<br />
<br />
We constructed the plasmid shown in the Fig.1-2. One was ''FT'' gene with T7 promoter<br />
([http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_I719005 BBa_I719005]) and 6His tag, and the other was ''FT'' gene only with T7 promoter. T7 promoter is a strong promotor regulated by T7 polymerase. In our strain of ''E.coli'', the expression of T7 polymerase can be induced by IPTG. 6His tag, which is used in later steps, enabled us to purify FT protein from ''E.coli'' using affinity chromatography.<br />
<br />
We needed to confirm that E. coli can express FT protein, because there was a possibility that ''E.coli'' can not translate FT or FT is unstable or toxic in ''E.coli''. <br><br />
In order to confirm the expression of FT protein, we performed Western blotting using anti-FT antibody.<br><br />
As a result, we observed FT and 6 His:FT bands at the expected molecular weight region(Fig.1-2).<br><br />
So we successfuly confirmed the FT expression!<br />
<br />
[[File:Exp-plac.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.1-2 Construction of ''FT'' generator and the results of Western blotting against FT and 6 His:FT protein<br><br />
Expression of T7 polymerase is regulated by IPTG. In both of constructions, left lane shows the band NOT induced by IPTG and right lane shows the band induced by IPTG.]]<br />
<br />
<br>''' We succeeded in confirming the mutation and the expression of ''FT'' and 6 His:FT protein in ''E.coli!'''''<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<html><a name="Secretion"></a></html><br />
<br />
==2.SECRETION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン2.png|250px|left|link=|Secretion ]]<br />
The second step is '''SECRETION'''''. ''We want'' E.coli ''to secrete FT protein to outside of the cell.''<br><br />
Now our ''E.coli'' can produce FT protein, but a big issue still remains: <br />
how they can transport proteins to the outside of the cells? Many people might think cell lysis is the best way. <br />
But in our project lysis is not very good, because it would possibly cause all fairies' deaths. We hoped to see the continuous effect of Flower Fairy E.coli, not just temporary. So, we adopted a method other than lysis which enables ''E.coli'' to transport FT protein continuously. <br clear="both"/><br />
====Proteins are required to go through two membranes====<br />
<br />
[[File:Sec-intro-hurdles.png|thumb|right|350px|Fig.2-1 FT protein have two hurdles in order to get out of the cell]]<br />
''E.coli'' have two membranes: inner membrane and outer membrane. To transport FT protein to outside of ''E.coli'', FT protein has to pass through the two membranes. So we searched for secretion systems to make FT protein go through these membranes. <br />
<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====TorA signal enables proteins to go through the inner membrane via Tat pathway====<br />
[[File:Tat pathway.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.2-2 FT protein with torA signal go through the inner membrane to the periplasm.]]<br />
Wild ''E.coli'' have many secretion systems. In order to enable proteins to go through inner membrane, we decided to use one of these systems, called Twin Arginate Translocation (Tat) pathway. Tat pathway is more suitable than other secretion systems for our project, because by Tat pathway ''E.coli'' secrete proteins into the periplasm keeping proteins’ conformation and function. The following is the mechanism of Tat pathway; a Tat transporter recognizes TorA signal, and proteins having a TorA signal at their N terminals only can get into the periplasm. <br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====We improved usability of TorA signal BioBrick====<br />
We tried to combine TorA signal with FT protein. Searching previous iGEM projects, we actually found TorA signals as iGEM parts (such as [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K638402 BBa_K638402]) submitted by other teams. These parts, however, have two big problems. One problem is that these parts do not have RBS. So iGEMers who use the parts have to spend additional processing time. The other problem is that stop codon appear between signal region and target coding sequence when these parts are combined with some other parts by standard or 3A assembly. In short, when iGEMers use these parts, TorA-fusion protein would not be expressed at all, or only TorA would be expressed. <br><br />
<br />
To solve these problems, we produced new applicable TorA signal [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] (Fig.2-2). Our part has two improvements. [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] contains RBS and indels to prevent the emergence of stop codon between signal region and target cording sequence. We sequenced [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] and confirmed that stop codon did not appear when we used it in Standard and 3A assembly. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a target protein, we constructed plasmid of plac-RBS-TorA-GFP-DT and introduced it into E.coli. After that, we observed the TorA-GFP-fusion-expressing cells (Fig.2-3) suggesting that the TorA-GFP fusion was successfully expressed. This meant RBS in our TorA signal worked well and stop codon didn't appear after assembly. <br><br />
[[File:Sec-inner-torA2.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-3 Previous TorA signal BioBricks (such as BBa_K638402) and our modified TorA signal (BBa_K797002)]]<br />
[[File:Sec-ecoli-gfp.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-4 ''E.coli'' (left) sample stained with Hoechst and observed with 352nm wavelength. Hoechst can stain DNA. ''E.coli'' (right) sample having plac-TorA-GFP-DT and observed with 489nm wavelength.]]<br />
<br />
====Kil protein enables proteins to go through outer membrane====<br />
[[File:Kil make holes.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.2-5 Kil protein makes holes on outer membrane.]]<br />
With Tat secretion pathway, FT protein can be transported into the periplasm. Next, FT protein needs to move to the outside of E.coli. For secretion, we used kil protein, which is derived from λ phage. Kil protein makes holes in the outer membrane of ''E.coli''. So in our project, we introduced ''kil'' gene into ''E.coli''. But the function of outer membrane is essential for ''E.coli'' to survive. Overexpression of ''kil'' gene, therefore, causes cell death. For this reason, we must check whether ''kil'' gene is harmful or not under our condition. <br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====Kil protein had no significant effect on ''E.coli'''s growth====<br />
We made the construction plac-RBS-kil-double terminator, whose backbone is pSB3C5. After culturing for 18hr at 37℃, we removed the supernatant, and diluted it to OD600=0.1. Then we resuspend it. And then, we added 0/0.001/0.01/0.1/1mM IPTG to each. While culturing again at 37℃, we measured OD600, which indicate the density of ''E.coli''. The figure below shows the results. These results indicated that the expression of plac-RBS-kil-DT (pSB3C5) makes no effect on the survival of ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
'''We established the new biobrick for the useful secretion system. When we apply these systems, torA signal and kil protein, to Flower Fairy E.coli, we can make ''E.coli'' secrete FT protein without cell lysis!!(Fig.2-7)'''<br />
<br />
[[File:Sec-kill-assay2.png|thumb|center|700px|Fig.2-6 The result of evaluation of kil protein.<br />
<br> Vertical axis means the value of OD 600.<br />
And horizontal axis means incubation time. Time caused changes of cell growth after IPTG induction.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Detail explanation of TAT system.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-7 Overall vision of Tat secretion system and kil protein. We apply this system for Flower Fairy E.coli.<br />
<br><br />
1.Tat transporters are piercing in the inner membrane. They recognize TorA signal, and transport into the periplasm only proteins that have TorA signal at their N terminals. 2. Kil protein makes holes in the outer membrane of E.coli and the proteins go through the outer membrane.]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====Improvement of secretion system====<br />
<br />
Now we can let'' E.coli'' to secrete FT protein to the outside by using Tat pathway and kil protein. But ''E.coli'' secrete only a small amount of FT protein when they use Tat transporters which they inherently have. <br />
To make E.coli secrete enough amount of FT protein, we needed to improve the efficiency of their secretion systems. To reach this goal, we used two genes. One is composed of TatA, TatB, and TatC, which composes Tat transporter. Another is phage-shock protein A (pspA), which wild ''E.coli'' have. When their inner membrane is damaged, pspA gene is expressed ,and pspA maintains membrane potential and H<sup>+</sup> concentration gradient between the periplasm and cytoplasm. It is known that pspA promote trasport of proteins to the periplasm through the detail mechanisms are unknown. As the next step of secretion, by the extra induction of these genes, we tried to increase the amount of secresion.<br />
We constructed Tat secretion cassette with constitutive promoter (BBa_K797004).(Fig.2-8) <br />
This part includes TatA, B and C proteins coding region and pspA. By using this part, the amount of Tat transporter is and pspA can be increased . In short, we can make ''E.coli'' secrete more proteins with TorA.(Fig.2-9) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery widths=350px heights=152px> <br />
File:Sec-futurework-construction.png|Fig.2-8 Tat secretion cassette; Tat ABC, pspA and constitutive promoter(BBa_K797004)<br />
File:Detail explanation of TAT system improvement.png|Fig.2-9 pspA helps proteins to go through Tat secretion pathway.<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br><br />
Kyoto 2012 suggests this new way of secretion, Tat pathway and kil protein, and provides iGEMers with these genes regulated by constitutive promoter. We checked the sequence of TatABC [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797000 (BBa_K797000)] and the sequence of pspA [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797001 (BBa_K797001)] individually, and then, we made Tat construction composed of constitutive promoter [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_J23107 (BBa_J23107)], TatABC [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797000 (BBa_K797000)], pspA [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797001 (BBa_K797001)] and double terminator [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_B0015 (BBa_B0015)]. We performed electrophoresis of this cassette confirmed the length of our parts and sequenced them partially.<br />
<br />
<br />
<html><a name="Penetration"></a></html><br />
<br />
==3.PENETRATION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン3改.png|250px|left|link=|Penetration ]]<br />
<br />
The third step is '''PENETRATION'''.<br />
In order to induce flower formation, FT protein from ''E.coli'' must enter into plant cells. This is because FT protein upregulates other proteins which lead to flower formation in plant cells.<br />
<br />
However, normally proteins cannot penetrate a cell membrane of a plant. Therefore, we needed a method to send FT protein into plant cells.<br />
Thanks to the advice from Doctor Washida, we found a method for the penetration of cell membrane. In this method, we use polyarginines called R9 peptides.<br clear="both"/><br />
=====R9 peptide enables FT protein penetrate membranes by endocytosis=====<br />
[[File:R9.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.3-1 Image of R9 peptide : R9 peptide consists of 9 arginine residues.]]<br />
<br />
R9 peptide consists of nine arginine residues(Fig.3-1). It is known as a kind of CPP (Cell Penetrating Peptide). Arginine-rich peptides induce macropinocytos, a type of endocytosis. From this, we judged that R9 peptides were suitable for cell membrane penetration.<br />
<br />
This is the mechanism of how R9 peptides work(Fig3-2).<br />
<br />
Firstly, R9 peptides adhere to a cell membrane of a plant because of their hydrophobic character.<br><br />
Secondly, the cell responds to this stimulus and starts to endocytose.<br />
<br><br />
Finally, proteins around the endocytosing region of the cell are taken into the cell.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
R9 peptides seem to work effectively whether or not R9 peptides are fused with target proteins. <br />
However, there are few examples about endocytosis of plants, so '''we needed to check the function of R9 when used on plant cells'''.<br><br />
[[File:Pene-R9-mechanism.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.3-2 Mechanism of endocytosis by R9 peptide <br> 1.R9 peptides adhere to a cell membrane of a plant because of their hydrophobic character.<br> 2.The cell responds to this stimulus and starts to endocytose.<br> 3.FT proteins around an invaginating region of the cell are taken into the cell. ]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
==== Given the R9 system, it induces endocytosis whether R9 peptides and target proteins are fused or not. ====<br />
Considering this system, target proteins near the R9 peptides are taken into cells by endocytosis. <br />
So, we assumed that the system would induce endocytosis in both cases where R9 peptides and target proteins were fused and not fused.<br />
<br><br />
However, as we wanted to introduce proteins as efficiently as possible, we deliberated whether we should fuse R9 and target proteins. <br><br />
We thought the shorter the distance between R9 peptides and target proteins is, the more easily they are taken into a plant cell. '''Therefore, we expected that fusing R9 peptide and a target protein would lead to higher efficiency.'''<br />
<br />
'''So, we tried to fuse R9 peptides and target proteins to increase penetration efficiency'''<br />
<br />
We transformed ''E.coli'', fusing R9 pepetides and target protein's gene in line. By doing this, we tried to make ''E.coli'' express R9::GFP fusion protein.<br />
<br />
In order to visualize the function of R9, we tried to prepare R9::GFP fusion protein. However, ''E.coli'' expressing the R9::GFP fusion protein was not effectively cultivated.(Fig3-3). Then, we checked whether R9 peptides had a bad effect on the expression of R9::GFP fusion protein by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Although we succeeded in confirming the existence of the mRNA (Fig3-4), we did not find the proteins (Fig3-5). These results are probably caused by poor translation or quick breakdown of the protein. <br />
<br />
We used the existing GFP generator part, [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_I746915 BBa_I746915]. <br />
<br />
<gallery widths=190px heights=210px> <br />
File:culture1N.png|Fig.3-3 Poor growth of ''E.coli'' expressing R9::GFP. IPTG induction for the 4hours.Culture fluid of ''E.coli'' with R9::GFP fusion protein on the right hand is cloudier than that on the left.<br />
File:Western-R9-GFP2N.png|Fig.3-4 Western blotting for checking the expression. No band of R9::GFP fusion protein.<br> Lane1: Molecular marker<br> Lane2: GFP([Part:BBa_I746915]) Cell lysate 10µL, not induced<br> Lane3: GFP([Part:BBa_I746915]) Cell lysate 10µL, IPTG induced<br> Lane4: R9::GFP Cell lysate 10µL, not induced<br> Lane5: R9::GFP Cell lysate 10µL, IPTG induced<br />
File:RT-PCR1R9-GFPN.png|Fig.3-5 RT-PCR of R9::GFP<br> Lane1:100bp ladder<br> Lane2:GAPDH (Negative control)<br> Lane3:GAPDH(R9::GFP)<br> Lane4:GFP (Negative control)<br> Lane5:GFP (R9::GFP)<br><br />
</gallery> <br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====We used R9 and GFP separately and to check the R9 peptides function====<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:R9とGFPでやるやつさいしn.png|thumb|left|320px|Fig.3-6 Preparation for samples verifying R9 function 1.Cutting leaves from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' 2.Removing cuticle by scratching 3.Soaking them with solutions. (Left side, control group):a solution of only GFP (Right side, experimental group):that of GFP and R9 peptide]]<br />
<br />
It was a question whether R9 peptides work properly and introduce FT protein into plant cells. Although endocytosis is often observed in animal cells, there are few examples of plant cell’s endocytosis. We, therefore, needed to verify the function of R9 peptides. For this reason, we performed the following experiment(Fig3-6). <br />
<br />
<br />
First, we removed the cuticles from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'''s leaves by scratching them. Second, we devided the leaves into two groups, and soaked one into a solution of only GFP, and the other into that of GFP and R9. After 5 minutes we washed cells by PBS in order to wash away GFP and R9 peptides from around the leaves. After that, we contrasted leaves having soaked into the only GFP solution with ones having soaked into the solution of R9 and GFP mixture. Then we succeeded in getting the figure of GFP fluorescence (Fig3-7).<br />
<br />
<br />
The control groups on the left were soaked in only GFP, and the experimental group on the right were soaked in GFP and R9. These fluorescence indicated that R9 peptides properly kept GFP in or on the plant cells. This figure strongly suggests that R9 peptides work successfully and GFP penetrate cell membrane, because this was taken by a confocal microscopy and seen as cross sections.<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Final.jpg|thumb|600px|center|Fig.3-7 Verification of the R9 peptide function with use of GFP.Cells of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' leaves soaked in a solution for five minutes, and Hoechst dyeing. Left side samples are soaked in only GFP, the right side samples in GFP and R9 peptide. From top to bottom, nuclei by Hoechst , GFP fluorescence (low magnification), nuclei by Hoechst , GFP fluorescence (high) (With confocal microscope Fluoview FU10i OLYMPUS)]]<br />
<br />
'''We can make FT protein penetrate cell membrane of plants by R9 peptide function!'''. <br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<html><a name="Activation"></a></html><br />
<br />
==4. Activation==<br />
[[File:アイコン4.png|250px|left|link=|Activation]]<br />
<br>The final step is; '''Activation'''. We verified whether FT proteins made in'' E.coli'' work normally in plant cells.<br><br> <br />
Actually, FT protein is a transcriptional factor and we can check the ability of FT protein by observing the transcription levels of genes up-regulated by FT proteins. <br><br><br><br />
<br />
===The detail function of FT===<br />
FT proteins increase transcript activities of flowering factors which lead to flower formation in a plant cell. <br />
let us introduce the function mechanism of FT protein. Actually, FT function is to up-regulate genes relating to bloom flowers. at the stage of flowering of plants, the expressions are incresed in these genes, FUL, SEP3, and so on. These genes work on shoot apex and change the form of shoot apex in order to start flowering. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Flowering factors1.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-1 FT proteins trigger some flowering genes and they induce flower formation. FT proteins up-regulate some flowering genes and they induce plants to bloom. ]]<br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
===Injecting FT and verifying its function by RT-PCR===<br />
To evaluate the function of FT produced by our Fairies, we used leaf cells of ''Arabidopsis thaliana '' , insted of cells of a shoot apex. Plants produce FT proteins in their leaves and carry them to shoot apex. Considering this system, we assumed that our Flower Fairy can make flowers bloom just by introducing active FT proteins into leaves. This way, we can get lots of samples easily as well. According to some previous researches, FT gene can also up-regulate some genes in leaves, such as FUL and SEP3. We injected FT protein into leaves and conducted RT-PCR in order to value the amount of expressed RNA.<br><br />
We injected FT proteins by a syringe. We prepared two types of samples: one we treated with FT and the other treated with GFP as a control. GFP was used as a control to confirm the results of RT-PCR was derived from FT protein, not protein injection itself. GFP is suitable for control experiments because GFP's molecular weight(27kDa) is relatively similar to that of FT(20kDa.)<br />
[[File:お注射 Kyoto.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-2 injecting FT protein into plant leaves. ]]<br />
<br>We performed RT-PCR to compare mRNA expression of ''Arabidopsis'' leaves treated with/without FT.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
Fig.4-2 is the result of RT-PCR. <br />
[[File:RT-PCR6.jpeg|thumb|left|300px|Fig.4-2 6 His tag fusion FT protein was purified with Ni-NTA agarose column.<br><br />
30mg of leaves of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' before bolting were used for one sample.<br />
FT or GFP protein and R9 peptide were diluted in PBS (pH7.4), 50ug/L and 500ug/uL each.<br />
Leaves were soaked into FT-R9 or GFP-R9 solution for 5min. and incubated for 16hr. in PBS(pH7.4.)<br />
After incubation, leaves were freezed with liquid nitrogen and glinded immediately.<br><br />
Total RNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform extraction. <br />
cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription and used as templates of RT-PCR. <br />
TUBULIN was used for internal control of mRNA expression.<br><br />
Lane1: TUBULIN (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 61bp<br><br />
Lane2: TUBULIN (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane3: FUL (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 132bp<br><br />
Lane4: FUL (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane5: SEP3 (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 87bp<br><br />
Lane6: SEP3 (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane7: AP1 (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 958bp<br>]]<br />
[[File:TotalRNA20120925-01.png|thumb|300px|Fig.4-3 Electrophoresis of RNA.<br />
RNA concentration is adjusted.<br><br />
Lane1: RNA of 16h incubated leaves(GFP-R9 treated)<br><br />
Lane2: RNA of 16h incubated leaves(FT-R9 treated)<br><br />
Lane3: RNA of fresh leaves]]<br />
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
As shown above, we got no correct ampicon band, even from ''tubulin'', which is a high expressed gene we used as internal control. One possible reason of this failure was the poor quality of extracted RNA in this experiment. To check this, we compared the total RNA by electrophoresis, shown in fig.4-3.<br />
<br />
As shown in the Fig.4-3, this time, RNA samples were degradated.<br><br />
To add to this, the waveforms of them had a law peak at 260nm(Fig.4-4.)<br><br />
<br />
===Establishing an effective way of RNA purification===<br />
We found that RNA purification method needed to be improved in ordrer to perform RT-PCR successfully .<br><br />
We improved following things;<br><br />
1. Total leaf volume was increased.<br><br />
2. Samples ware freezed with liquid nitrogen and suspended in ISOGEN more rapidly.<br><br />
3. We centrifuged samples and collected supernatant twice after adding ISOGEN.<br><br />
After the improvement, 260nm peak became higher and the degradation is minimized(Fig.4-4, 4-5.) <br><br />
Then we used better quality of RNA for reverse transcription and retried RT-PCR.<br />
Fig.4-6 shows the result of this RT-PCR.<br />
<br><br><br />
[[File:4つ.png|thumb|600px|center|Fig.4-4<br/>A: the waveform of RNA purified in the previous way. it indicated that RNA purity is low<br/><br />
B: Improved RNA waveform<br/><br />
C: <br/><br />
D: Lane1: 100bp ladder Lane2: TUBULIN Lane3: FUL Lane4: SEP3 Lane5: AP1]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
===Conducting RT-PCR and qPCR again by using new RNA purification===<br />
[[File:RT-PCR_1026kyoto.png|thumb|300px|right|fig The result of RT-PCR]]After we purified RT-PCR via the new method, we performed RT-PCR again for SEP3 and FUL. The result is shown in fig. We were able to get sufficiently purified RNA, and amplify each gene.<br />
To confirm the exact differnece between experimental group(FT+) and negative control(FT-), we conducted qPCR and compared the relative RNA expression of each gene. However, there was not significant difference between experimental group and negative control. The result is shown in fig. <br />
<br><br />
<br />
===Checking whether FT protein really introduced or not by Western Blotting===<br />
At Activation, in order to see whether FT is usable or not, we measured the amount of FUL and SEP3 by qPCR of cDNA. However, there was not any significant difference between experimental group and negative control. Its cause might be that FT protein was not active or decomposed in the cell, or that FT proteins did not enter plant cells in the first place. If injection process does not work well, or FT does not get into the cell, it is natural that the activity of FT does not be observed. To clarify the cause, we conducted Western Blotting on Plant leaves we had injected FT proteins.<br />
<br />
==Achievement==<br />
1.Expression<br><br />
* Mutate FT sequence<br />
* Standardize FT as an iGEM part<br />
* Confirm expression of FT protein in ''E.coli''<br />
2.Secretion<br><br />
*Modify TorA signal to be easy to use the signal more<br />
*Construct Tat secretion cassette that contains Constitutive promoter, RBS, TatABCD, pspA, double terminator<br />
*Standardize kil gene<br />
**Multiply TatABC in order to strengthen Tat secretion system--'''not yet'''<br />
3.Penetration<br><br />
*Keep GFP in or around plant cells using R9 peptide<br />
**Introduce FT in plant cells using R9 peptide--'''not yet'''<br />
4.Activation<br><br />
*Get high quality of RNA<br />
*Amplify genes successfully<br />
**Check the function of FT--'''not yet'''<br />
<html><a id="FFEDiscussion"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_DiscussionHeader.png]]=<br />
<br />
At '''PENETRATION''', GFP::R9 fusion protein connected at GFP’s N-terminal was not expressed. However, if GFP is tagged with R9 at C-terminal, that fusion protein may be successfully expressed.<br />
It is because there is an example that protein tagged with arginine at C- terminal is correctly expressed though that at N-terminal is failed to be expressed([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php/Part:BBa_K249005 BBa_K249005] ).<br />
By using GFP::R9 fusion protein connected at GFP's C-terminal, we might improve macropinocytos, a type of endocytosis.<br />
<br />
<br />
At''' Activation''', in order to see whether FT is usable or not, we measured the amount of FUL and SEP3 by qPCR of cDNA. However, there was not any significant difference between experimental group and negative control.<br />
It’s cause may be that FT protein was not active or decomposed in the cell or even that FT protein didn’t enter plant cells.<br />
If we perform Western blotting of FT in plant cell after putting FT into it with R9, we will be able to understand whether the problem was FT protein or R9 peptides.<br />
<br />
If the cause was that our FT protein was not active though FT had entered the cell, FT will be confirmed. <br />
In that case, we have to consider the possibilities that FT needs Post-translational modification or Arabidopsis thaliana that we used was old.<br />
<br />
When FT needs Post-translational modification, we have to do more research about difference of Post-translational modification between E.coli and Arabidopsis thaliana.<br />
<br />
When Arabidopsis thaliana that we used was old, it might have originally expressed enough FT, so our FT might not be necessary to induce FUL and SEP3.<br />
<br />
If the cause was that FT didn’t enter plant cell or FT was decomposed in the cell, FT will not be confirmed. <br />
When FT didn’t enter plant cell, we have to reconstruct experimental system, for example, by using other kinds of R9 since there exist more effective R9s.<br />
Wnen FT was decomposed in the cell, we have to investigate the mechanism of decomposing protein. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Future Works===<br />
<br />
We noticed only flowering and florigen in this time but there are many other plant hormones. We made translocation pathway from ''E.coli'' into plant cells, so we will be able to introduce plant hormones into plant cells if ''E.coli'' can make them. It means we can control plant growth in any stage through genetically engineered ''E.coli''. In the future that is not so far, we will be able to meddle in plants' growth――germinating, elongation, flowering, and fructification. We human will finally accomplish a technology that control plants perfectly.<br />
<br />
Moreover, R9 peptide functions not only plant cell. R9 peptide works on animal cell similarly. It means that we found a pathway into any kinds of cells. R9 peptide tag enables us to introduce proteins into any cells, so we will be able to control all living cells using this technology.<br />
<br />
===Biosafety===<br />
[[Image:KyotoBSL1.png|link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:KAIT_Japan/Human_Practice|left|BioSafetyLevel1]]<br />
<br>We cooperated with KAIT-Japan and the mark on the left indicates Biosafety Level of our parts.<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEReferences"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_ReferencesHeader.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
[1][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695452 Microsugar Chang et al.(2005) "Cellular internalization of fluorescent proteins via arginine-rich intracellular delivery peptide in plant cells" Plant Cell Physiol, 46(3), 482–488]<br><br />
[2][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16155177 Paula Teper-Bamnolker and Alon Samach1.(2005) "The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves" The Plant Cell, 17, 2661–2675]<br><br />
[3][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099980 Philip A. Wigge et al.(2005) "Integration of spatial and temporal information during floral induction in Arabidopsis" Science, 309(5737), 1056-1059]<br><br />
[4][http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/3/4/961/htm Sara Trabulo et al.(2010) "Cell-penetrating peptides—mechanisms of cellular uptake and generation of delivery systems" Pharmaceuticals, 3, 961-993]<br><br />
[5][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15147914 Unnamalai N, Kang BG, Lee.(2004) "Cationic oligopeptide-mediated delivery of dsRNA for post-transcriptional gene silencing in plant cells" FEBS Lett 21, 566(1-3), 307-10]<br><br />
[6][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22683878 Tracy Palmer and Ben C. Berks.(2012) "The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) protein export pathway" Nat Rev Microbiol, 10(7), 483-96]<br><br />
[7][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14966662 Choi JH, Lee SY.(2004) "Secretory and extracellular production of recombinant proteins using Escherichia coli" Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 64(5), 625-35]<br><br />
[8][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042754 Miksch G, Fiedler E, Dobrowolski P, Friehs K.(1997) "The kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid of Escherichia coli controlled by a growth-phase-dependent promoter mediates the secretion of a heterologous periplasmic protein during the stationary phase" Arch Microbiol, 167(2-3), 143-50]<br><br />
[9][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854367 Seibel BA, Walsh PJ.(2002) "Trimethylamine oxide accumulation in marine animals: relationship to acylglycerol storage" J Exp Biol, 205(Pt 3), 297-306]<br><br />
[10][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11123687 Thomas JD, Daniel RA, Errington J, Robinson C.(2001) "Export of active green fluorescent protein to the periplasm by the twin-arginine translocase (Tat) pathway in Escherichia coli" Mol Microbiol, 39(1), 47-53]<br><br />
[11][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3139642 Suit JL, Luria SE.(1988) "Expression of the kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid in Escherichia coli Kilr mutants causes release of periplasmic enzymes and of colicin without cell death" J Bacteriol, 170(10), 4963-4966]<br><br />
[12][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702305 DeLisa MP, Lee P, Palmer T, Georgiou G.(2004) "Phage shock protein PspA of Escherichia coli relieves saturation of protein export via the Tat pathway" J Bacteriol, 186(2), 366-373]<br><br />
[13][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099979 Araki, T et al.(2005) “FD, a bZIP protein mediating signals from the floral pathway integrator FT at the shoot apex” Science 309(5737), 1052–1056]</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Template:Kyoto/Project/FlowerFairyTemplate:Kyoto/Project/FlowerFairy2012-10-27T03:36:50Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Realizing Flower Fairy in real world */</p>
<hr />
<div><ul class="kyoto-post-it"><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Introduction.png|30px|link=#FFEIntroduction]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Experiment.png|30px|link=#FFEResults]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Discussion.png|30px|link=#FFEDiscussion]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Reference.png|30px|link=#FFEReferences]]</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEIntroduction"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_IntroductionHeader.png|link=|Introduction]]=<br />
===Realizing Flower Fairy in real world===<br />
[[File:FFT_kyoto.png |left|300px]]<br />
Have you ever seen flower fairies? Probably the answer is "NO", though some of you might have come across them in your childhood, because they are imaginary creatures which exist only in fairy tales. Don’t you think it would be wonderful if you could live with flower fairies? In addition, their lovely power to make flowers bloom would be profitable for us in many ways, such as application to agriculture. This is why we have set our project for realizing Flower Fairy E.coli with synthetic biology!!<br />
In order to realize our dream, we focused on '''FT protein''', known as Florigen.This protein is a kind of plant hormones. First of all, FT proteins are produced in leaves, and then move to the shoot apex and bloom flowers. Therefore, FT protein is the key to our project.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
===Our Goal is to induce flower formation just by putting Flower Fairy E.coli on leaves!===<br />
When you want to use our Flower Fairy E.coli, all you have to do is just put them on plant leaves! When you spread Flower Fairy E.coli, FT proteins are secreted and penetrate the cell membrane of a plant, and the plant starts blooming.<br><br><br />
<br />
<html>We had to go through four steps in order to achieve our goal――Flower Fairy E.coli.<br><br />
These four steps are <a href="#Expression">“<b>EXPRESSION</b>”</a>,<a href="#Secretion">”<b>SECRETION</b>”</a>,<br />
<a href="#Penetration">”<b>PENETRATION</b>”</a>, and <a href="#Activation">”<b>ACTIVATION</b>”</a><br><br></html><br />
<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff;" width="700"><br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Expression.png|frameless|266px|link=#Expression]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Activation.png|frameless|373px|link=#Activation]]<br><br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Secretion.png|frameless|266px|link=#Secretion]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Penetration.png|frameless|373px|link=#Penetration]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<html>In each step, we have some problems to be attacked.<br><br />
<a href="#Expression">“<b>EXPRESSION</b>”</a>; It is unclear whether <i>E.coli</i> can express FT protein, because FT protein is derived from plant cells .<br><br />
<a href="#Secretion">”<b>SECRETION</b>”</a>; After produced, ''E.coli'' have to secrete FT protein outside of themselves.<br><br />
<a href="#Penetration">”<b>PENETRATION</b>”</a>; FT protein has to penetrate into plant cells.<br><br />
<a href="#Activation">”<b>ACTIVATION</b>”</a>; Even if FT protein could get into the cells, it is unclear whether FT protein produced by <i>E.coli</i> can activate genes in shoot apex cells and induce flower formation.</html><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEResults"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Experiments&ResultsHeader.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
<br />
<html><a name="Expression"></a></html><br />
==1.EXPRESSION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン1.png|200px|left|link=|Expression]]<br />
<br />
The first step is '''EXPRESSION'''.<br> We had to make ''E.coli'' produce FT protein.<br />
<br />
However, in the natural environment, wild''E.coli'' don't have ''FT'' gene. Therefore we tried to make a new BioBrick part including ''FT'' gene and introduce it into ''E.coli''.<br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br><br><br />
=== Modifying ''FT'' gene for Biobrick ===<br />
<br />
''FT'' gene is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'', a model plant. Professor Araki in Kyoto University kindly gave us ''FT'' cDNA in TOPO blunt end 2(Invitrogen). ''FT'' cDNA has two cleavage sites of iGEM restriction enzymes, EcoR1 and Pst1 (Fig.1-1 A), therefore we modified ''FT'' gene sequence by Inverse PCR with primers containing two base mismatches between primer and cDNA(Fig.1-1 B). As a result, we could get mutated FT cDNA, which are not cleaved by iGEM restriction enzymes, and then we added prefix and suffix to ''FT''. Finally, we could make new BioBrick parts of ''FT'' (Fig.1-1 C). <br />
<br />
[[File:FTabc.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.1-1<br>A : Necessity for mutation of ''FT'' cDNA. ''FT'' sequence had two cleavage sites of iGEM restriction enzymes.<br>B : Inverse PCR Method<br> Inverse PCR is a measure of mutating ''FT'' gene segment. Inverse direction of primers and designing those including mismatch residue leads to mutation of the original plasmid.<br>C : Standardization of ''FT'' cDNA. We had mutated and added prefix and suffix to ''FT''.]]<br />
<br><br />
<br />
=== Confirming expression of FT ===<br />
<br />
We constructed the plasmid shown in the Fig.1-2. One was ''FT'' gene with T7 promoter<br />
([http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_I719005 BBa_I719005]) and 6His tag, and the other was ''FT'' gene only with T7 promoter. T7 promoter is a strong promotor regulated by T7 polymerase. In our strain of ''E.coli'', the expression of T7 polymerase can be induced by IPTG. 6His tag, which is used in later steps, enabled us to purify FT protein from ''E.coli'' using affinity chromatography.<br />
<br />
We needed to confirm that E. coli can express FT protein, because there was a possibility that ''E.coli'' can not translate FT or FT is unstable or toxic in ''E.coli''. <br><br />
In order to confirm the expression of FT protein, we performed Western blotting using anti-FT antibody.<br><br />
As a result, we observed FT and 6 His:FT bands at the expected molecular weight region(Fig.1-2).<br><br />
So we successfuly confirmed the FT expression!<br />
<br />
[[File:Exp-plac.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.1-2 Construction of ''FT'' generator and the results of Western blotting against FT and 6 His:FT protein<br><br />
Expression of T7 polymerase is regulated by IPTG. In both of constructions, left lane shows the band NOT induced by IPTG and right lane shows the band induced by IPTG.]]<br />
<br />
<br>''' We succeeded in confirming the mutation and the expression of ''FT'' and 6 His:FT protein in ''E.coli!'''''<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<html><a name="Secretion"></a></html><br />
<br />
==2.SECRETION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン2.png|250px|left|link=|Secretion ]]<br />
The second step is '''SECRETION'''''. ''We want'' E.coli ''to secrete FT protein to outside of the cell.''<br><br />
Now our ''E.coli'' can produce FT protein, but a big issue still remains: <br />
how they can transport proteins to the outside of the cells? Many people might think cell lysis is the best way. <br />
But in our project lysis is not very good, because it would possibly cause all fairies' deaths. We hoped to see the continuous effect of Flower Fairy E.coli, not just temporary. So, we adopted a method other than lysis which enables ''E.coli'' to transport FT protein continuously. <br clear="both"/><br />
====Proteins are required to go through two membranes====<br />
<br />
[[File:Sec-intro-hurdles.png|thumb|right|350px|Fig.2-1 FT protein have two hurdles in order to get out of the cell]]<br />
''E.coli'' have two membranes: inner membrane and outer membrane. To transport FT protein to outside of ''E.coli'', FT protein has to pass through the two membranes. So we searched for secretion systems to make FT protein go through these membranes. <br />
<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====TorA signal enables proteins to go through the inner membrane via Tat pathway====<br />
[[File:Tat pathway.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.2-2 FT protein with torA signal go through the inner membrane to the periplasm.]]<br />
Wild ''E.coli'' have many secretion systems. In order to enable proteins to go through inner membrane, we decided to use one of these systems, called Twin Arginate Translocation (Tat) pathway. Tat pathway is more suitable than other secretion systems for our project, because by Tat pathway ''E.coli'' secrete proteins into the periplasm keeping proteins’ conformation and function. The following is the mechanism of Tat pathway; a Tat transporter recognizes TorA signal, and proteins having a TorA signal at their N terminals only can get into the periplasm. <br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====We improved usability of TorA signal BioBrick====<br />
We tried to combine TorA signal with FT protein. Searching previous iGEM projects, we actually found TorA signals as iGEM parts (such as [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K638402 BBa_K638402]) submitted by other teams. These parts, however, have two big problems. One problem is that these parts do not have RBS. So iGEMers who use the parts have to spend additional processing time. The other problem is that stop codon appear between signal region and target coding sequence when these parts are combined with some other parts by standard or 3A assembly. In short, when iGEMers use these parts, TorA-fusion protein would not be expressed at all, or only TorA would be expressed. <br><br />
<br />
To solve these problems, we produced new applicable TorA signal [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] (Fig.2-2). Our part has two improvements. [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] contains RBS and indels to prevent the emergence of stop codon between signal region and target cording sequence. We sequenced [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] and confirmed that stop codon did not appear when we used it in Standard and 3A assembly. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a target protein, we constructed plasmid of plac-RBS-TorA-GFP-DT and introduced it into E.coli. After that, we observed the TorA-GFP-fusion-expressing cells (Fig.2-3) suggesting that the TorA-GFP fusion was successfully expressed. This meant RBS in our TorA signal worked well and stop codon didn't appear after assembly. <br><br />
[[File:Sec-inner-torA2.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-3 Previous TorA signal BioBricks (such as BBa_K638402) and our modified TorA signal (BBa_K797002)]]<br />
[[File:Sec-ecoli-gfp.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-4 ''E.coli'' (left) sample stained with Hoechst and observed with 352nm wavelength. Hoechst can stain DNA. ''E.coli'' (right) sample having plac-TorA-GFP-DT and observed with 489nm wavelength.]]<br />
<br />
====Kil protein enables proteins to go through outer membrane====<br />
[[File:Kil make holes.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.2-5 Kil protein makes holes on outer membrane.]]<br />
With Tat secretion pathway, FT protein can be transported into the periplasm. Next, FT protein needs to move to the outside of E.coli. For secretion, we used kil protein, which is derived from λ phage. Kil protein makes holes in the outer membrane of ''E.coli''. So in our project, we introduced ''kil'' gene into ''E.coli''. But the function of outer membrane is essential for ''E.coli'' to survive. Overexpression of ''kil'' gene, therefore, causes cell death. For this reason, we must check whether ''kil'' gene is harmful or not under our condition. <br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====Kil protein had no significant effect on ''E.coli'''s growth====<br />
We made the construction plac-RBS-kil-double terminator, whose backbone is pSB3C5. After culturing for 18hr at 37℃, we removed the supernatant, and diluted it to OD600=0.1. Then we resuspend it. And then, we added 0/0.001/0.01/0.1/1mM IPTG to each. While culturing again at 37℃, we measured OD600, which indicate the density of ''E.coli''. The figure below shows the results. These results indicated that the expression of plac-RBS-kil-DT (pSB3C5) makes no effect on the survival of ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
'''We established the new biobrick for the useful secretion system. When we apply these systems, torA signal and kil protein, to Flower Fairy E.coli, we can make ''E.coli'' secrete FT protein without cell lysis!!(Fig.2-7)'''<br />
<br />
[[File:Sec-kill-assay2.png|thumb|center|700px|Fig.2-6 The result of evaluation of kil protein.<br />
<br> Vertical axis means the value of OD 600.<br />
And horizontal axis means incubation time. Time caused changes of cell growth after IPTG induction.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Detail explanation of TAT system.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-7 Overall vision of Tat secretion system and kil protein. We apply this system for Flower Fairy E.coli.<br />
<br><br />
1.Tat transporters are piercing in the inner membrane. They recognize TorA signal, and transport into the periplasm only proteins that have TorA signal at their N terminals. 2. Kil protein makes holes in the outer membrane of E.coli and the proteins go through the outer membrane.]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====Improvement of secretion system====<br />
<br />
Now we can let'' E.coli'' to secrete FT protein to the outside by using Tat pathway and kil protein. But ''E.coli'' secrete only a small amount of FT protein when they use Tat transporters which they inherently have. <br />
To make E.coli secrete enough amount of FT protein, we needed to improve the efficiency of their secretion systems. To reach this goal, we used two genes. One is composed of TatA, TatB, and TatC, which composes Tat transporter. Another is phage-shock protein A (pspA), which wild ''E.coli'' have. When their inner membrane is damaged, pspA gene is expressed ,and pspA maintains membrane potential and H<sup>+</sup> concentration gradient between the periplasm and cytoplasm. It is known that pspA promote trasport of proteins to the periplasm through the detail mechanisms are unknown. As the next step of secretion, by the extra induction of these genes, we tried to increase the amount of secresion.<br />
We constructed Tat secretion cassette with constitutive promoter (BBa_K797004).(Fig.2-8) <br />
This part includes TatA, B and C proteins coding region and pspA. By using this part, the amount of Tat transporter is and pspA can be increased . In short, we can make ''E.coli'' secrete more proteins with TorA.(Fig.2-9) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery widths=350px heights=152px> <br />
File:Sec-futurework-construction.png|Fig.2-8 Tat secretion cassette; Tat ABC, pspA and constitutive promoter(BBa_K797004)<br />
File:Detail explanation of TAT system improvement.png|Fig.2-9 pspA helps proteins to go through Tat secretion pathway.<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br><br />
Kyoto 2012 suggests this new way of secretion, Tat pathway and kil protein, and provides iGEMers with these genes regulated by constitutive promoter. We checked the sequence of TatABC [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797000 (BBa_K797000)] and the sequence of pspA [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797001 (BBa_K797001)] individually, and then, we made Tat construction composed of constitutive promoter [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_J23107 (BBa_J23107)], TatABC [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797000 (BBa_K797000)], pspA [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797001 (BBa_K797001)] and double terminator [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_B0015 (BBa_B0015)]. We performed electrophoresis of this cassette confirmed the length of our parts and sequenced them partially.<br />
<br />
<br />
<html><a name="Penetration"></a></html><br />
<br />
==3.PENETRATION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン3改.png|250px|left|link=|Penetration ]]<br />
<br />
The third step is '''PENETRATION'''.<br />
In order to induce flower formation, FT protein from ''E.coli'' must enter into plant cells. This is because FT protein upregulates other proteins which lead to flower formation in plant cells.<br />
<br />
However, normally proteins cannot penetrate a cell membrane of a plant. Therefore, we needed a method to send FT protein into plant cells.<br />
Thanks to the advice from Doctor Washida, we found a method for the penetration of cell membrane. In this method, we use polyarginines called R9 peptides.<br clear="both"/><br />
=====R9 peptide enables FT protein penetrate membranes by endocytosis=====<br />
[[File:R9.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.3-1 Image of R9 peptide : R9 peptide consists of 9 arginine residues.]]<br />
<br />
R9 peptide consists of nine arginine residues(Fig.3-1). It is known as a kind of CPP (Cell Penetrating Peptide). Arginine-rich peptides induce macropinocytos, a type of endocytosis. From this, we judged that R9 peptides were suitable for cell membrane penetration.<br />
<br />
This is the mechanism of how R9 peptides work(Fig3-2).<br />
<br />
Firstly, R9 peptides adhere to a cell membrane of a plant because of their hydrophobic character.<br><br />
Secondly, the cell responds to this stimulus and starts to endocytose.<br />
<br><br />
Finally, proteins around the endocytosing region of the cell are taken into the cell.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
R9 peptides seem to work effectively whether or not R9 peptides are fused with target proteins. <br />
However, there are few examples about endocytosis of plants, so '''we needed to check the function of R9 when used on plant cells'''.<br><br />
[[File:Pene-R9-mechanism.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.3-2 Mechanism of endocytosis by R9 peptide <br> 1.R9 peptides adhere to a cell membrane of a plant because of their hydrophobic character.<br> 2.The cell responds to this stimulus and starts to endocytose.<br> 3.FT proteins around an invaginating region of the cell are taken into the cell. ]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
==== Given the R9 system, it induces endocytosis whether R9 peptides and target proteins are fused or not. ====<br />
Considering this system, target proteins near the R9 peptides are taken into cells by endocytosis. <br />
So, we assumed that the system would induce endocytosis in both cases where R9 peptides and target proteins were fused and not fused.<br />
<br><br />
However, as we wanted to introduce proteins as efficiently as possible, we deliberated whether we should fuse R9 and target proteins. <br><br />
We thought the shorter the distance between R9 peptides and target proteins is, the more easily they are taken into a plant cell. '''Therefore, we expected that fusing R9 peptide and a target protein would lead to higher efficiency.'''<br />
<br />
'''So, we tried to fuse R9 peptides and target proteins to increase penetration efficiency'''<br />
<br />
We transformed ''E.coli'', fusing R9 pepetides and target protein's gene in line. By doing this, we tried to make ''E.coli'' express R9::GFP fusion protein.<br />
<br />
In order to visualize the function of R9, we tried to prepare R9::GFP fusion protein. However, ''E.coli'' expressing the R9::GFP fusion protein was not effectively cultivated.(Fig3-3). Then, we checked whether R9 peptides had a bad effect on the expression of R9::GFP fusion protein by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Although we succeeded in confirming the existence of the mRNA (Fig3-4), we did not find the proteins (Fig3-5). These results are probably caused by poor translation or quick breakdown of the protein. <br />
<br />
We used the existing GFP generator part, [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_I746915 BBa_I746915]. <br />
<br />
<gallery widths=190px heights=210px> <br />
File:culture1N.png|Fig.3-3 Poor growth of ''E.coli'' expressing R9::GFP. IPTG induction for the 4hours.Culture fluid of ''E.coli'' with R9::GFP fusion protein on the right hand is cloudier than that on the left.<br />
File:Western-R9-GFP2N.png|Fig.3-4 Western blotting for checking the expression. No band of R9::GFP fusion protein.<br> Lane1: Molecular marker<br> Lane2: GFP([Part:BBa_I746915]) Cell lysate 10µL, not induced<br> Lane3: GFP([Part:BBa_I746915]) Cell lysate 10µL, IPTG induced<br> Lane4: R9::GFP Cell lysate 10µL, not induced<br> Lane5: R9::GFP Cell lysate 10µL, IPTG induced<br />
File:RT-PCR1R9-GFPN.png|Fig.3-5 RT-PCR of R9::GFP<br> Lane1:100bp ladder<br> Lane2:GAPDH (Negative control)<br> Lane3:GAPDH(R9::GFP)<br> Lane4:GFP (Negative control)<br> Lane5:GFP (R9::GFP)<br><br />
</gallery> <br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====We used R9 and GFP separately and to check the R9 peptides function====<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:R9とGFPでやるやつさいしn.png|thumb|left|320px|Fig.3-6 Preparation for samples verifying R9 function 1.Cutting leaves from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' 2.Removing cuticle by scratching 3.Soaking them with solutions. (Left side, control group):a solution of only GFP (Right side, experimental group):that of GFP and R9 peptide]]<br />
<br />
It was a question whether R9 peptides work properly and introduce FT protein into plant cells. Although endocytosis is often observed in animal cells, there are few examples of plant cell’s endocytosis. We, therefore, needed to verify the function of R9 peptides. For this reason, we performed the following experiment(Fig3-6). <br />
<br />
<br />
First, we removed the cuticles from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'''s leaves by scratching them. Second, we devided the leaves into two groups, and soaked one into a solution of only GFP, and the other into that of GFP and R9. After 5 minutes we washed cells by PBS in order to wash away GFP and R9 peptides from around the leaves. After that, we contrasted leaves having soaked into the only GFP solution with ones having soaked into the solution of R9 and GFP mixture. Then we succeeded in getting the figure of GFP fluorescence (Fig3-7).<br />
<br />
<br />
The control groups on the left were soaked in only GFP, and the experimental group on the right were soaked in GFP and R9. These fluorescence indicated that R9 peptides properly kept GFP in or on the plant cells. This figure strongly suggests that R9 peptides work successfully and GFP penetrate cell membrane, because this was taken by a confocal microscopy and seen as cross sections.<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Final.jpg|thumb|600px|center|Fig.3-7 Verification of the R9 peptide function with use of GFP.Cells of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' leaves soaked in a solution for five minutes, and Hoechst dyeing. Left side samples are soaked in only GFP, the right side samples in GFP and R9 peptide. From top to bottom, nuclei by Hoechst , GFP fluorescence (low magnification), nuclei by Hoechst , GFP fluorescence (high) (With confocal microscope Fluoview FU10i OLYMPUS)]]<br />
<br />
'''We can make FT protein penetrate cell membrane of plants by R9 peptide function!'''. <br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<html><a name="Activation"></a></html><br />
<br />
==4. Activation==<br />
[[File:アイコン4.png|250px|left|link=|Activation]]<br />
<br>The final step is; '''Activation'''. We verified whether FT proteins made in'' E.coli'' work normally in plant cells.<br><br> <br />
Actually, FT protein is a transcriptional factor and we can check the ability of FT protein by observing the transcription levels of genes up-regulated by FT proteins. <br><br><br><br />
<br />
===The detail function of FT===<br />
FT proteins increase transcript activities of flowering factors which lead to flower formation in a plant cell. <br />
let us introduce the function mechanism of FT protein. Actually, FT function is to up-regulate genes relating to bloom flowers. at the stage of flowering of plants, the expressions are incresed in these genes, FUL, SEP3, and so on. These genes work on shoot apex and change the form of shoot apex in order to start flowering. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Flowering factors1.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-1 FT proteins trigger some flowering genes and they induce flower formation. FT proteins up-regulate some flowering genes and they induce plants to bloom. ]]<br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
===The detail function of FT===<br />
FT proteins increase transcript activities of flowering factors which lead to flower formation in a plant cell. <br />
let us introduce the function mechanism of FT protein. Actually, FT function is to up-regulate genes relating to bloom flowers. at the stage of flowering of plants, the expressions are incresed in these genes, FUL, SEP3, and so on. These genes work on shoot apex and change the form of shoot apex in order to start flowering. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Flowering factors1.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-1 FT proteins trigger some flowering genes and they induce flower formation. FT proteins up-regulate some flowering genes and they induce plants to bloom. ]]<br />
<br />
===Injecting FT and verifying its function by RT-PCR===<br />
To evaluate the function of FT produced by our Fairies, we used leaf cells of ''Arabidopsis thaliana '' , insted of cells of a shoot apex. Plants produce FT proteins in their leaves and carry them to shoot apex. Considering this system, we assumed that our Flower Fairy can make flowers bloom just by introducing active FT proteins into leaves. This way, we can get lots of samples easily as well. According to some previous researches, FT gene can also up-regulate some genes in leaves, such as FUL and SEP3. We injected FT protein into leaves and conducted RT-PCR in order to value the amount of expressed RNA.<br><br />
We injected FT proteins by a syringe. We prepared two types of samples: one we treated with FT and the other treated with GFP as a control. GFP was used as a control to confirm the results of RT-PCR was derived from FT protein, not protein injection itself. GFP is suitable for control experiments because GFP's molecular weight(27kDa) is relatively similar to that of FT(20kDa.)<br />
[[File:お注射 Kyoto.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-2 injecting FT protein into plant leaves. ]]<br />
<br>We performed RT-PCR to compare mRNA expression of ''Arabidopsis'' leaves treated with/without FT.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
Fig.4-2 is the result of RT-PCR. <br />
[[File:RT-PCR6.jpeg|thumb|left|300px|Fig.4-2 6 His tag fusion FT protein was purified with Ni-NTA agarose column.<br><br />
30mg of leaves of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' before bolting were used for one sample.<br />
FT or GFP protein and R9 peptide were diluted in PBS (pH7.4), 50ug/L and 500ug/uL each.<br />
Leaves were soaked into FT-R9 or GFP-R9 solution for 5min. and incubated for 16hr. in PBS(pH7.4.)<br />
After incubation, leaves were freezed with liquid nitrogen and glinded immediately.<br><br />
Total RNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform extraction. <br />
cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription and used as templates of RT-PCR. <br />
TUBULIN was used for internal control of mRNA expression.<br><br />
Lane1: TUBULIN (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 61bp<br><br />
Lane2: TUBULIN (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane3: FUL (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 132bp<br><br />
Lane4: FUL (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane5: SEP3 (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 87bp<br><br />
Lane6: SEP3 (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane7: AP1 (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 958bp<br>]]<br />
[[File:TotalRNA20120925-01.png|thumb|300px|Fig.4-3 Electrophoresis of RNA.<br />
RNA concentration is adjusted.<br><br />
Lane1: RNA of 16h incubated leaves(GFP-R9 treated)<br><br />
Lane2: RNA of 16h incubated leaves(FT-R9 treated)<br><br />
Lane3: RNA of fresh leaves]]<br />
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
As shown above, we got no correct ampicon band, even from ''tubulin'', which is a high expressed gene we used as internal control. One possible reason of this failure was the poor quality of extracted RNA in this experiment. To check this, we compared the total RNA by electrophoresis, shown in fig.4-3.<br />
<br />
As shown in the Fig.4-3, this time, RNA samples were degradated.<br><br />
To add to this, the waveforms of them had a law peak at 260nm(Fig.4-4.)<br><br />
<br />
===Establishing an effective way of RNA purification===<br />
We found that RNA purification method needed to be improved in ordrer to perform RT-PCR successfully .<br><br />
We improved following things;<br><br />
1. Total leaf volume was increased.<br><br />
2. Samples ware freezed with liquid nitrogen and suspended in ISOGEN more rapidly.<br><br />
3. We centrifuged samples and collected supernatant twice after adding ISOGEN.<br><br />
After the improvement, 260nm peak became higher and the degradation is minimized(Fig.4-4, 4-5.) <br><br />
Then we used better quality of RNA for reverse transcription and retried RT-PCR.<br />
Fig.4-6 shows the result of this RT-PCR.<br />
<br><br><br />
[[File:4つ.png|thumb|600px|center|Fig.4-4<br/>A: the waveform of RNA purified in the previous way. it indicated that RNA purity is low<br/><br />
B: Improved RNA waveform<br/><br />
C: <br/><br />
D: Lane1: 100bp ladder Lane2: TUBULIN Lane3: FUL Lane4: SEP3 Lane5: AP1]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
===Conducting RT-PCR and qPCR again by using new RNA purification===<br />
[[File:RT-PCR_1026kyoto.png|thumb|300px|right|fig The result of RT-PCR]]After we purified RT-PCR via the new method, we performed RT-PCR again for SEP3 and FUL. The result is shown in fig. We were able to get sufficiently purified RNA, and amplify each gene.<br />
To confirm the exact differnece between experimental group(FT+) and negative control(FT-), we conducted qPCR and compared the relative RNA expression of each gene. However, there was not significant difference between experimental group and negative control. The result is shown in fig. <br />
<br><br />
<br />
===Checking whether FT protein really introduced or not by Western Blotting===<br />
At Activation, in order to see whether FT is usable or not, we measured the amount of FUL and SEP3 by qPCR of cDNA. However, there was not any significant difference between experimental group and negative control. Its cause might be that FT protein was not active or decomposed in the cell, or that FT proteins did not enter plant cells in the first place. If injection process does not work well, or FT does not get into the cell, it is natural that the activity of FT does not be observed. To clarify the cause, we conducted Western Blotting on Plant leaves we had injected FT proteins.<br />
<br />
==Achievement==<br />
1.Expression<br><br />
* Mutate FT sequence<br />
* Standardize FT as an iGEM part<br />
* Confirm expression of FT protein in ''E.coli''<br />
2.Secretion<br><br />
*Modify TorA signal to be easy to use the signal more<br />
*Construct Tat secretion cassette that contains Constitutive promoter, RBS, TatABCD, pspA, double terminator<br />
*Standardize kil gene<br />
**Multiply TatABC in order to strengthen Tat secretion system--'''not yet'''<br />
3.Penetration<br><br />
*Keep GFP in or around plant cells using R9 peptide<br />
**Introduce FT in plant cells using R9 peptide--'''not yet'''<br />
4.Activation<br><br />
*Get high quality of RNA<br />
*Amplify genes successfully<br />
**Check the function of FT--'''not yet'''<br />
<html><a id="FFEDiscussion"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_DiscussionHeader.png]]=<br />
<br />
At '''PENETRATION''', GFP::R9 fusion protein connected at GFP’s N-terminal was not expressed. However, if GFP is tagged with R9 at C-terminal, that fusion protein may be successfully expressed.<br />
It is because there is an example that protein tagged with arginine at C- terminal is correctly expressed though that at N-terminal is failed to be expressed([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php/Part:BBa_K249005 BBa_K249005] ).<br />
By using GFP::R9 fusion protein connected at GFP's C-terminal, we might improve macropinocytos, a type of endocytosis.<br />
<br />
<br />
At''' Activation''', in order to see whether FT is usable or not, we measured the amount of FUL and SEP3 by qPCR of cDNA. However, there was not any significant difference between experimental group and negative control.<br />
It’s cause may be that FT protein was not active or decomposed in the cell or even that FT protein didn’t enter plant cells.<br />
If we perform Western blotting of FT in plant cell after putting FT into it with R9, we will be able to understand whether the problem was FT protein or R9 peptides.<br />
<br />
If the cause was that our FT protein was not active though FT had entered the cell, FT will be confirmed. <br />
In that case, we have to consider the possibilities that FT needs Post-translational modification or Arabidopsis thaliana that we used was old.<br />
<br />
When FT needs Post-translational modification, we have to do more research about difference of Post-translational modification between E.coli and Arabidopsis thaliana.<br />
<br />
When Arabidopsis thaliana that we used was old, it might have originally expressed enough FT, so our FT might not be necessary to induce FUL and SEP3.<br />
<br />
If the cause was that FT didn’t enter plant cell or FT was decomposed in the cell, FT will not be confirmed. <br />
When FT didn’t enter plant cell, we have to reconstruct experimental system, for example, by using other kinds of R9 since there exist more effective R9s.<br />
Wnen FT was decomposed in the cell, we have to investigate the mechanism of decomposing protein. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Future Works===<br />
<br />
We noticed only flowering and florigen in this time but there are many other plant hormones. We made translocation pathway from ''E.coli'' into plant cells, so we will be able to introduce plant hormones into plant cells if ''E.coli'' can make them. It means we can control plant growth in any stage through genetically engineered ''E.coli''. In the future that is not so far, we will be able to meddle in plants' growth――germinating, elongation, flowering, and fructification. We human will finally accomplish a technology that control plants perfectly.<br />
<br />
Moreover, R9 peptide functions not only plant cell. R9 peptide works on animal cell similarly. It means that we found a pathway into any kinds of cells. R9 peptide tag enables us to introduce proteins into any cells, so we will be able to control all living cells using this technology.<br />
<br />
===Biosafety===<br />
[[Image:KyotoBSL1.png|link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:KAIT_Japan/Human_Practice|left|BioSafetyLevel1]]<br />
<br>We cooperated with KAIT-Japan and the mark on the left indicates Biosafety Level of our parts.<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEReferences"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_ReferencesHeader.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
[1][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695452 Microsugar Chang et al.(2005) "Cellular internalization of fluorescent proteins via arginine-rich intracellular delivery peptide in plant cells" Plant Cell Physiol, 46(3), 482–488]<br><br />
[2][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16155177 Paula Teper-Bamnolker and Alon Samach1.(2005) "The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves" The Plant Cell, 17, 2661–2675]<br><br />
[3][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099980 Philip A. Wigge et al.(2005) "Integration of spatial and temporal information during floral induction in Arabidopsis" Science, 309(5737), 1056-1059]<br><br />
[4][http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/3/4/961/htm Sara Trabulo et al.(2010) "Cell-penetrating peptides—mechanisms of cellular uptake and generation of delivery systems" Pharmaceuticals, 3, 961-993]<br><br />
[5][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15147914 Unnamalai N, Kang BG, Lee.(2004) "Cationic oligopeptide-mediated delivery of dsRNA for post-transcriptional gene silencing in plant cells" FEBS Lett 21, 566(1-3), 307-10]<br><br />
[6][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22683878 Tracy Palmer and Ben C. Berks.(2012) "The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) protein export pathway" Nat Rev Microbiol, 10(7), 483-96]<br><br />
[7][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14966662 Choi JH, Lee SY.(2004) "Secretory and extracellular production of recombinant proteins using Escherichia coli" Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 64(5), 625-35]<br><br />
[8][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042754 Miksch G, Fiedler E, Dobrowolski P, Friehs K.(1997) "The kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid of Escherichia coli controlled by a growth-phase-dependent promoter mediates the secretion of a heterologous periplasmic protein during the stationary phase" Arch Microbiol, 167(2-3), 143-50]<br><br />
[9][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854367 Seibel BA, Walsh PJ.(2002) "Trimethylamine oxide accumulation in marine animals: relationship to acylglycerol storage" J Exp Biol, 205(Pt 3), 297-306]<br><br />
[10][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11123687 Thomas JD, Daniel RA, Errington J, Robinson C.(2001) "Export of active green fluorescent protein to the periplasm by the twin-arginine translocase (Tat) pathway in Escherichia coli" Mol Microbiol, 39(1), 47-53]<br><br />
[11][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3139642 Suit JL, Luria SE.(1988) "Expression of the kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid in Escherichia coli Kilr mutants causes release of periplasmic enzymes and of colicin without cell death" J Bacteriol, 170(10), 4963-4966]<br><br />
[12][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702305 DeLisa MP, Lee P, Palmer T, Georgiou G.(2004) "Phage shock protein PspA of Escherichia coli relieves saturation of protein export via the Tat pathway" J Bacteriol, 186(2), 366-373]<br><br />
[13][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099979 Araki, T et al.(2005) “FD, a bZIP protein mediating signals from the floral pathway integrator FT at the shoot apex” Science 309(5737), 1052–1056]</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Template:Kyoto/Project/FlowerFairyTemplate:Kyoto/Project/FlowerFairy2012-10-27T03:27:10Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Realizing Flower Fairy in real world */</p>
<hr />
<div><ul class="kyoto-post-it"><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Introduction.png|30px|link=#FFEIntroduction]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Experiment.png|30px|link=#FFEResults]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Discussion.png|30px|link=#FFEDiscussion]]</li><br />
<li>[[File:Kyoto_Reference.png|30px|link=#FFEReferences]]</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEIntroduction"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_IntroductionHeader.png|link=|Introduction]]=<br />
===Realizing Flower Fairy in real world===<br />
[[File:FFT_kyoto.png |left|300px]]<br />
Have you ever seen flower fairies? Probably the answer is "NO", though some of you might have come across them in your childhood, because they are imaginary creatures which exist only in fairy tales. Don’t you think it would be wonderful if you could live with flower fairies? In addition, their lovely power to make flowers bloom would be profitable for us in many ways, such as application to agriculture. That is why we have set our project for realizing Flower Fairy E.coli with synthetic biology!!<br />
In order to realize our dream, we focused on '''FT protein''', known as Florigen.This protein is a kind of plant hormones. First, FT proteins are produced in leaves, and then move to the shoot apex and bloom flowers. Therefore, FT protein is the key to our project.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
===Our Goal is to induce flower formation just by putting Flower Fairy E.coli on leaves!===<br />
When you want to use our Flower Fairy E.coli, all you have to do is just put them on plant leaves! When you spread Flower Fairy E.coli, FT proteins are secreted and penetrate the cell membrane of a plant, and the plant starts blooming.<br><br><br />
<br />
<html>We had to go through four steps in order to achieve our goal――Flower Fairy E.coli.<br><br />
These four steps are <a href="#Expression">“<b>EXPRESSION</b>”</a>,<a href="#Secretion">”<b>SECRETION</b>”</a>,<br />
<a href="#Penetration">”<b>PENETRATION</b>”</a>, and <a href="#Activation">”<b>ACTIVATION</b>”</a><br><br></html><br />
<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff;" width="700"><br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Expression.png|frameless|266px|link=#Expression]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Activation.png|frameless|373px|link=#Activation]]<br><br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Secretion.png|frameless|266px|link=#Secretion]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_wiki_intro_1_Penetration.png|frameless|373px|link=#Penetration]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<html>In each step, we have some problems to be attacked.<br><br />
<a href="#Expression">“<b>EXPRESSION</b>”</a>; It is unclear whether <i>E.coli</i> can express FT protein, because FT protein is derived from plant cells .<br><br />
<a href="#Secretion">”<b>SECRETION</b>”</a>; After produced, ''E.coli'' have to secrete FT protein outside of themselves.<br><br />
<a href="#Penetration">”<b>PENETRATION</b>”</a>; FT protein has to penetrate into plant cells.<br><br />
<a href="#Activation">”<b>ACTIVATION</b>”</a>; Even if FT protein could get into the cells, it is unclear whether FT protein produced by <i>E.coli</i> can activate genes in shoot apex cells and induce flower formation.</html><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEResults"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Experiments&ResultsHeader.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
<br />
<html><a name="Expression"></a></html><br />
==1.EXPRESSION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン1.png|200px|left|link=|Expression]]<br />
<br />
The first step is '''EXPRESSION'''.<br> We had to make ''E.coli'' produce FT protein.<br />
<br />
However, in the natural environment, wild''E.coli'' don't have ''FT'' gene. Therefore we tried to make a new BioBrick part including ''FT'' gene and introduce it into ''E.coli''.<br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br><br><br />
=== Modifying ''FT'' gene for Biobrick ===<br />
<br />
''FT'' gene is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'', a model plant. Professor Araki in Kyoto University kindly gave us ''FT'' cDNA in TOPO blunt end 2(Invitrogen). ''FT'' cDNA has two cleavage sites of iGEM restriction enzymes, EcoR1 and Pst1 (Fig.1-1 A), therefore we modified ''FT'' gene sequence by Inverse PCR with primers containing two base mismatches between primer and cDNA(Fig.1-1 B). As a result, we could get mutated FT cDNA, which are not cleaved by iGEM restriction enzymes, and then we added prefix and suffix to ''FT''. Finally, we could make new BioBrick parts of ''FT'' (Fig.1-1 C). <br />
<br />
[[File:FTabc.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.1-1<br>A : Necessity for mutation of ''FT'' cDNA. ''FT'' sequence had two cleavage sites of iGEM restriction enzymes.<br>B : Inverse PCR Method<br> Inverse PCR is a measure of mutating ''FT'' gene segment. Inverse direction of primers and designing those including mismatch residue leads to mutation of the original plasmid.<br>C : Standardization of ''FT'' cDNA. We had mutated and added prefix and suffix to ''FT''.]]<br />
<br><br />
<br />
=== Confirming expression of FT ===<br />
<br />
We constructed the plasmid shown in the Fig.1-2. One was ''FT'' gene with T7 promoter<br />
([http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_I719005 BBa_I719005]) and 6His tag, and the other was ''FT'' gene only with T7 promoter. T7 promoter is a strong promotor regulated by T7 polymerase. In our strain of ''E.coli'', the expression of T7 polymerase can be induced by IPTG. 6His tag, which is used in later steps, enabled us to purify FT protein from ''E.coli'' using affinity chromatography.<br />
<br />
We needed to confirm that E. coli can express FT protein, because there was a possibility that ''E.coli'' can not translate FT or FT is unstable or toxic in ''E.coli''. <br><br />
In order to confirm the expression of FT protein, we performed Western blotting using anti-FT antibody.<br><br />
As a result, we observed FT and 6 His:FT bands at the expected molecular weight region(Fig.1-2).<br><br />
So we successfuly confirmed the FT expression!<br />
<br />
[[File:Exp-plac.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.1-2 Construction of ''FT'' generator and the results of Western blotting against FT and 6 His:FT protein<br><br />
Expression of T7 polymerase is regulated by IPTG. In both of constructions, left lane shows the band NOT induced by IPTG and right lane shows the band induced by IPTG.]]<br />
<br />
<br>''' We succeeded in confirming the mutation and the expression of ''FT'' and 6 His:FT protein in ''E.coli!'''''<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<html><a name="Secretion"></a></html><br />
<br />
==2.SECRETION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン2.png|250px|left|link=|Secretion ]]<br />
The second step is '''SECRETION'''''. ''We want'' E.coli ''to secrete FT protein to outside of the cell.''<br><br />
Now our ''E.coli'' can produce FT protein, but a big issue still remains: <br />
how they can transport proteins to the outside of the cells? Many people might think cell lysis is the best way. <br />
But in our project lysis is not very good, because it would possibly cause all fairies' deaths. We hoped to see the continuous effect of Flower Fairy E.coli, not just temporary. So, we adopted a method other than lysis which enables ''E.coli'' to transport FT protein continuously. <br clear="both"/><br />
====Proteins are required to go through two membranes====<br />
<br />
[[File:Sec-intro-hurdles.png|thumb|right|350px|Fig.2-1 FT protein have two hurdles in order to get out of the cell]]<br />
''E.coli'' have two membranes: inner membrane and outer membrane. To transport FT protein to outside of ''E.coli'', FT protein has to pass through the two membranes. So we searched for secretion systems to make FT protein go through these membranes. <br />
<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====TorA signal enables proteins to go through the inner membrane via Tat pathway====<br />
[[File:Tat pathway.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.2-2 FT protein with torA signal go through the inner membrane to the periplasm.]]<br />
Wild ''E.coli'' have many secretion systems. In order to enable proteins to go through inner membrane, we decided to use one of these systems, called Twin Arginate Translocation (Tat) pathway. Tat pathway is more suitable than other secretion systems for our project, because by Tat pathway ''E.coli'' secrete proteins into the periplasm keeping proteins’ conformation and function. The following is the mechanism of Tat pathway; a Tat transporter recognizes TorA signal, and proteins having a TorA signal at their N terminals only can get into the periplasm. <br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====We improved usability of TorA signal BioBrick====<br />
We tried to combine TorA signal with FT protein. Searching previous iGEM projects, we actually found TorA signals as iGEM parts (such as [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K638402 BBa_K638402]) submitted by other teams. These parts, however, have two big problems. One problem is that these parts do not have RBS. So iGEMers who use the parts have to spend additional processing time. The other problem is that stop codon appear between signal region and target coding sequence when these parts are combined with some other parts by standard or 3A assembly. In short, when iGEMers use these parts, TorA-fusion protein would not be expressed at all, or only TorA would be expressed. <br><br />
<br />
To solve these problems, we produced new applicable TorA signal [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] (Fig.2-2). Our part has two improvements. [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] contains RBS and indels to prevent the emergence of stop codon between signal region and target cording sequence. We sequenced [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797002 BBa_K797002] and confirmed that stop codon did not appear when we used it in Standard and 3A assembly. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a target protein, we constructed plasmid of plac-RBS-TorA-GFP-DT and introduced it into E.coli. After that, we observed the TorA-GFP-fusion-expressing cells (Fig.2-3) suggesting that the TorA-GFP fusion was successfully expressed. This meant RBS in our TorA signal worked well and stop codon didn't appear after assembly. <br><br />
[[File:Sec-inner-torA2.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-3 Previous TorA signal BioBricks (such as BBa_K638402) and our modified TorA signal (BBa_K797002)]]<br />
[[File:Sec-ecoli-gfp.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-4 ''E.coli'' (left) sample stained with Hoechst and observed with 352nm wavelength. Hoechst can stain DNA. ''E.coli'' (right) sample having plac-TorA-GFP-DT and observed with 489nm wavelength.]]<br />
<br />
====Kil protein enables proteins to go through outer membrane====<br />
[[File:Kil make holes.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.2-5 Kil protein makes holes on outer membrane.]]<br />
With Tat secretion pathway, FT protein can be transported into the periplasm. Next, FT protein needs to move to the outside of E.coli. For secretion, we used kil protein, which is derived from λ phage. Kil protein makes holes in the outer membrane of ''E.coli''. So in our project, we introduced ''kil'' gene into ''E.coli''. But the function of outer membrane is essential for ''E.coli'' to survive. Overexpression of ''kil'' gene, therefore, causes cell death. For this reason, we must check whether ''kil'' gene is harmful or not under our condition. <br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====Kil protein had no significant effect on ''E.coli'''s growth====<br />
We made the construction plac-RBS-kil-double terminator, whose backbone is pSB3C5. After culturing for 18hr at 37℃, we removed the supernatant, and diluted it to OD600=0.1. Then we resuspend it. And then, we added 0/0.001/0.01/0.1/1mM IPTG to each. While culturing again at 37℃, we measured OD600, which indicate the density of ''E.coli''. The figure below shows the results. These results indicated that the expression of plac-RBS-kil-DT (pSB3C5) makes no effect on the survival of ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
'''We established the new biobrick for the useful secretion system. When we apply these systems, torA signal and kil protein, to Flower Fairy E.coli, we can make ''E.coli'' secrete FT protein without cell lysis!!(Fig.2-7)'''<br />
<br />
[[File:Sec-kill-assay2.png|thumb|center|700px|Fig.2-6 The result of evaluation of kil protein.<br />
<br> Vertical axis means the value of OD 600.<br />
And horizontal axis means incubation time. Time caused changes of cell growth after IPTG induction.]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Detail explanation of TAT system.png|thumb|center|600px|Fig.2-7 Overall vision of Tat secretion system and kil protein. We apply this system for Flower Fairy E.coli.<br />
<br><br />
1.Tat transporters are piercing in the inner membrane. They recognize TorA signal, and transport into the periplasm only proteins that have TorA signal at their N terminals. 2. Kil protein makes holes in the outer membrane of E.coli and the proteins go through the outer membrane.]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====Improvement of secretion system====<br />
<br />
Now we can let'' E.coli'' to secrete FT protein to the outside by using Tat pathway and kil protein. But ''E.coli'' secrete only a small amount of FT protein when they use Tat transporters which they inherently have. <br />
To make E.coli secrete enough amount of FT protein, we needed to improve the efficiency of their secretion systems. To reach this goal, we used two genes. One is composed of TatA, TatB, and TatC, which composes Tat transporter. Another is phage-shock protein A (pspA), which wild ''E.coli'' have. When their inner membrane is damaged, pspA gene is expressed ,and pspA maintains membrane potential and H<sup>+</sup> concentration gradient between the periplasm and cytoplasm. It is known that pspA promote trasport of proteins to the periplasm through the detail mechanisms are unknown. As the next step of secretion, by the extra induction of these genes, we tried to increase the amount of secresion.<br />
We constructed Tat secretion cassette with constitutive promoter (BBa_K797004).(Fig.2-8) <br />
This part includes TatA, B and C proteins coding region and pspA. By using this part, the amount of Tat transporter is and pspA can be increased . In short, we can make ''E.coli'' secrete more proteins with TorA.(Fig.2-9) <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery widths=400px heights=173px> <br />
File:Sec-futurework-construction.png|Fig.2-8 Tat secretion cassette; Tat ABC, pspA and constitutive promoter(BBa_K797004)<br />
File:Detail explanation of TAT system improvement.png|Fig.2-9 pspA helps proteins to go through Tat secretion pathway.<br />
</gallery> <br />
<br><br />
Kyoto 2012 suggests this new way of secretion, Tat pathway and kil protein, and provides iGEMers with these genes regulated by constitutive promoter. We checked the sequence of TatABC [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797000 (BBa_K797000)] and the sequence of pspA [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797001 (BBa_K797001)] individually, and then, we made Tat construction composed of constitutive promoter [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_J23107 (BBa_J23107)], TatABC [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797000 (BBa_K797000)], pspA [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_K797001 (BBa_K797001)] and double terminator [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_B0015 (BBa_B0015)]. We performed electrophoresis of this cassette confirmed the length of our parts and sequenced them partially.<br />
<br />
<br />
<html><a name="Penetration"></a></html><br />
<br />
==3.PENETRATION==<br />
<br />
[[File:アイコン3改.png|250px|left|link=|Penetration ]]<br />
<br />
The third step is '''PENETRATION'''.<br />
In order to induce flower formation, FT protein from ''E.coli'' must enter into plant cells. This is because FT protein upregulates other proteins which lead to flower formation in plant cells.<br />
<br />
However, normally proteins cannot penetrate a cell membrane of a plant. Therefore, we needed a method to send FT protein into plant cells.<br />
Thanks to the advice from Doctor Washida, we found a method for the penetration of cell membrane. In this method, we use polyarginines called R9 peptides.<br clear="both"/><br />
=====R9 peptide enables FT protein penetrate membranes by endocytosis=====<br />
[[File:R9.png|thumb|right|250px|Fig.3-1 Image of R9 peptide : R9 peptide consists of 9 arginine residues.]]<br />
<br />
R9 peptide consists of nine arginine residues(Fig.3-1). It is known as a kind of CPP (Cell Penetrating Peptide). Arginine-rich peptides induce macropinocytos, a type of endocytosis. From this, we judged that R9 peptides were suitable for cell membrane penetration.<br />
<br />
This is the mechanism of how R9 peptides work(Fig3-2).<br />
<br />
Firstly, R9 peptides adhere to a cell membrane of a plant because of their hydrophobic character.<br><br />
Secondly, the cell responds to this stimulus and starts to endocytose.<br />
<br><br />
Finally, proteins around the endocytosing region of the cell are taken into the cell.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
R9 peptides seem to work effectively whether or not R9 peptides are fused with target proteins. <br />
However, there are few examples about endocytosis of plants, so '''we needed to check the function of R9 when used on plant cells'''.<br><br />
[[File:Pene-R9-mechanism.png|thumb|left|650px|Fig.3-2 Mechanism of endocytosis by R9 peptide <br> 1.R9 peptides adhere to a cell membrane of a plant because of their hydrophobic character.<br> 2.The cell responds to this stimulus and starts to endocytose.<br> 3.FT proteins around an invaginating region of the cell are taken into the cell. ]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
==== Given the R9 system, it induces endocytosis whether R9 peptides and target proteins are fused or not. ====<br />
Considering this system, target proteins near the R9 peptides are taken into cells by endocytosis. <br />
So, we assumed that the system would induce endocytosis in both cases where R9 peptides and target proteins were fused and not fused.<br />
<br><br />
However, as we wanted to introduce proteins as efficiently as possible, we deliberated whether we should fuse R9 and target proteins. <br><br />
We thought the shorter the distance between R9 peptides and target proteins is, the more easily they are taken into a plant cell. '''Therefore, we expected that fusing R9 peptide and a target protein would lead to higher efficiency.'''<br />
<br />
'''So, we tried to fuse R9 peptides and target proteins to increase penetration efficiency'''<br />
<br />
We transformed ''E.coli'', fusing R9 pepetides and target protein's gene in line. By doing this, we tried to make ''E.coli'' express R9::GFP fusion protein.<br />
<br />
In order to visualize the function of R9, we tried to prepare R9::GFP fusion protein. However, ''E.coli'' expressing the R9::GFP fusion protein was not effectively cultivated.(Fig3-3). Then, we checked whether R9 peptides had a bad effect on the expression of R9::GFP fusion protein by Western blotting and RT-PCR. Although we succeeded in confirming the existence of the mRNA (Fig3-4), we did not find the proteins (Fig3-5). These results are probably caused by poor translation or quick breakdown of the protein. <br />
<br />
We used the existing GFP generator part, [http://partsregistry.org/Part:BBa_I746915 BBa_I746915]. <br />
<br />
<gallery widths=190px heights=210px> <br />
File:culture1N.png|Fig.3-3 Poor growth of ''E.coli'' expressing R9::GFP. IPTG induction for the 4hours.Culture fluid of ''E.coli'' with R9::GFP fusion protein on the right hand is cloudier than that on the left.<br />
File:Western-R9-GFP2N.png|Fig.3-4 Western blotting for checking the expression. No band of R9::GFP fusion protein.<br> Lane1: Molecular marker<br> Lane2: GFP([Part:BBa_I746915]) Cell lysate 10µL, not induced<br> Lane3: GFP([Part:BBa_I746915]) Cell lysate 10µL, IPTG induced<br> Lane4: R9::GFP Cell lysate 10µL, not induced<br> Lane5: R9::GFP Cell lysate 10µL, IPTG induced<br />
File:RT-PCR1R9-GFPN.png|Fig.3-5 RT-PCR of R9::GFP<br> Lane1:100bp ladder<br> Lane2:GAPDH (Negative control)<br> Lane3:GAPDH(R9::GFP)<br> Lane4:GFP (Negative control)<br> Lane5:GFP (R9::GFP)<br><br />
</gallery> <br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
====We used R9 and GFP separately and to check the R9 peptides function====<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:R9とGFPでやるやつさいしn.png|thumb|left|320px|Fig.3-6 Preparation for samples verifying R9 function 1.Cutting leaves from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' 2.Removing cuticle by scratching 3.Soaking them with solutions. (Left side, control group):a solution of only GFP (Right side, experimental group):that of GFP and R9 peptide]]<br />
<br />
It was a question whether R9 peptides work properly and introduce FT protein into plant cells. Although endocytosis is often observed in animal cells, there are few examples of plant cell’s endocytosis. We, therefore, needed to verify the function of R9 peptides. For this reason, we performed the following experiment(Fig3-6). <br />
<br />
<br />
First, we removed the cuticles from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'''s leaves by scratching them. Second, we devided the leaves into two groups, and soaked one into a solution of only GFP, and the other into that of GFP and R9. After 5 minutes we washed cells by PBS in order to wash away GFP and R9 peptides from around the leaves. After that, we contrasted leaves having soaked into the only GFP solution with ones having soaked into the solution of R9 and GFP mixture. Then we succeeded in getting the figure of GFP fluorescence (Fig3-7).<br />
<br />
<br />
The control groups on the left were soaked in only GFP, and the experimental group on the right were soaked in GFP and R9. These fluorescence indicated that R9 peptides properly kept GFP in or on the plant cells. This figure strongly suggests that R9 peptides work successfully and GFP penetrate cell membrane, because this was taken by a confocal microscopy and seen as cross sections.<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
<br />
[[File:Final.jpg|thumb|600px|center|Fig.3-7 Verification of the R9 peptide function with use of GFP.Cells of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' leaves soaked in a solution for five minutes, and Hoechst dyeing. Left side samples are soaked in only GFP, the right side samples in GFP and R9 peptide. From top to bottom, nuclei by Hoechst , GFP fluorescence (low magnification), nuclei by Hoechst , GFP fluorescence (high) (With confocal microscope Fluoview FU10i OLYMPUS)]]<br />
<br />
'''We can make FT protein penetrate cell membrane of plants by R9 peptide function!'''. <br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<html><a name="Activation"></a></html><br />
<br />
==4. Activation==<br />
[[File:アイコン4.png|250px|left|link=|Activation]]<br />
<br>The final step is; '''Activation'''. We verified whether FT proteins made in'' E.coli'' work normally in plant cells.<br><br> <br />
Actually, FT protein is a transcriptional factor and we can check the ability of FT protein by observing the transcription levels of genes up-regulated by FT proteins. <br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
===The detail function of FT===<br />
FT proteins increase transcript activities of flowering factors which lead to flower formation in a plant cell. This proteins can .<br />
[[File:Flowering factors.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-1 FT proteins trigger some flowering genes and they induce flower formation. FT proteins up-regulate some flowering genes and they induce plants to bloom. ]]<br />
<br />
===Injecting FT and verifying its function by RT-PCR===<br />
To evaluate the function of FT produced by our Fairies, we used leaf cells of ''Arabidopsis thaliana '' , insted of cells of a shoot apex. Plants produce FT proteins in their leaves and carry them to shoot apex. Considering this system, we assumed that our Flower Fairy can make flowers bloom just by introducing active FT proteins into leaves. This way, we can get lots of samples easily as well. According to some previous researches, FT gene can also up-regulate some genes in leaves, such as FUL and SEP3. We injected FT protein into leaves and conducted RT-PCR in order to value the amount of expressed RNA.<br><br />
We injected FT proteins by a syringe. We prepared two types of samples: one we treated with FT and the other treated with GFP as a control. GFP was used as a control to confirm the results of RT-PCR was derived from FT protein, not protein injection itself. GFP is suitable for control experiments because GFP's molecular weight(27kDa) is relatively similar to that of FT(20kDa.)<br />
[[File:お注射 Kyoto.png|thumb|center|610px|Fig.4-2 injecting FT protein into plant leaves. ]]<br />
<br>We performed RT-PCR to compare mRNA expression of ''Arabidopsis'' leaves treated with/without FT.<br><br />
<br />
<br />
Fig.4-2 is the result of RT-PCR. <br />
[[File:RT-PCR6.jpeg|thumb|left|300px|Fig.4-2 6 His tag fusion FT protein was purified with Ni-NTA agarose column.<br><br />
30mg of leaves of ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' before bolting were used for one sample.<br />
FT or GFP protein and R9 peptide were diluted in PBS (pH7.4), 50ug/L and 500ug/uL each.<br />
Leaves were soaked into FT-R9 or GFP-R9 solution for 5min. and incubated for 16hr. in PBS(pH7.4.)<br />
After incubation, leaves were freezed with liquid nitrogen and glinded immediately.<br><br />
Total RNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform extraction. <br />
cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription and used as templates of RT-PCR. <br />
TUBULIN was used for internal control of mRNA expression.<br><br />
Lane1: TUBULIN (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 61bp<br><br />
Lane2: TUBULIN (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane3: FUL (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 132bp<br><br />
Lane4: FUL (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane5: SEP3 (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 87bp<br><br />
Lane6: SEP3 (FT-R9 treated) <br><br />
Lane7: AP1 (GFP-R9 treated) amplicon 958bp<br>]]<br />
[[File:TotalRNA20120925-01.png|thumb|300px|Fig.4-3 Electrophoresis of RNA.<br />
RNA concentration is adjusted.<br><br />
Lane1: RNA of 16h incubated leaves(GFP-R9 treated)<br><br />
Lane2: RNA of 16h incubated leaves(FT-R9 treated)<br><br />
Lane3: RNA of fresh leaves]]<br />
<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
As shown above, we got no correct ampicon band, even from ''tubulin'', which is a high expressed gene we used as internal control. One possible reason of this failure was the poor quality of extracted RNA in this experiment. To check this, we compared the total RNA by electrophoresis, shown in fig.4-3.<br />
<br />
As shown in the Fig.4-3, this time, RNA samples were degradated.<br><br />
To add to this, the waveforms of them had a law peak at 260nm(Fig.4-4.)<br><br />
<br />
===Establishing an effective way of RNA purification===<br />
We found that RNA purification method needed to be improved in ordrer to perform RT-PCR successfully .<br><br />
We improved following things;<br><br />
1. Total leaf volume was increased.<br><br />
2. Samples ware freezed with liquid nitrogen and suspended in ISOGEN more rapidly.<br><br />
3. We centrifuged samples and collected supernatant twice after adding ISOGEN.<br><br />
After the improvement, 260nm peak became higher and the degradation is minimized(Fig.4-4, 4-5.) <br><br />
Then we used better quality of RNA for reverse transcription and retried RT-PCR.<br />
Fig.4-6 shows the result of this RT-PCR.<br />
<br><br><br />
[[File:4つ.png|thumb|600px|center|Fig.4-4<br/>A: the waveform of RNA purified in the previous way. it indicated that RNA purity is low<br/><br />
B: Improved RNA waveform<br/><br />
C: <br/><br />
D: Lane1: 100bp ladder Lane2: TUBULIN Lane3: FUL Lane4: SEP3 Lane5: AP1]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
===Conducting RT-PCR and qPCR again by using new RNA purification===<br />
[[File:4つ.png|thumb|600px|left|fig]]After we purified RT-PCR via the new method, we performed RT-PCR again for SEP3 and FUL. The result is shown in fig. We were able to get sufficiently purified RNA, and amplify each gene.<br />
To confirm the exact differnece between experimental group(FT+) and negative control(FT-), we conducted qPCR and compared the relative RNA expression of each gene. However, there was not significant difference between experimental group and negative control. The result is shown in fig. <br />
<br><br />
<br />
===Checking whether FT protein really introduced or not by Western Blotting===<br />
At Activation, in order to see whether FT is usable or not, we measured the amount of FUL and SEP3 by qPCR of cDNA. However, there was not any significant difference between experimental group and negative control. Its cause might be that FT protein was not active or decomposed in the cell, or that FT proteins did not enter plant cells in the first place. If injection process does not work well, or FT does not get into the cell, it is natural that the activity of FT does not be observed. To clarify the cause, we conducted Western Blotting on Plant leaves we had injected FT proteins.<br />
<br />
==Achievement==<br />
1.Expression<br><br />
* Mutate FT sequence<br />
* Standardize FT as an iGEM part<br />
* Confirm expression of FT protein in ''E.coli''<br />
2.Secretion<br><br />
*Modify TorA signal to be easy to use the signal more<br />
*Construct Tat secretion cassette that contains Constitutive promoter, RBS, TatABCD, pspA, double terminator<br />
*Standardize kil gene<br />
**Multiply TatABC in order to strengthen Tat secretion system--'''not yet'''<br />
3.Penetration<br><br />
*Keep GFP in or around plant cells using R9 peptide<br />
**Introduce FT in plant cells using R9 peptide--'''not yet'''<br />
4.Activation<br><br />
*Get high quality of RNA<br />
*Amplify genes successfully<br />
**Check the function of FT--'''not yet'''<br />
<html><a id="FFEDiscussion"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_DiscussionHeader.png]]=<br />
<br />
At '''PENETRATION''', GFP::R9 fusion protein connected at GFP’s N-terminal was not expressed. However, if GFP is tagged with R9 at C-terminal, that fusion protein may be successfully expressed.<br />
It is because there is an example that protein tagged with arginine at C- terminal is correctly expressed though that at N-terminal is failed to be expressed([http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php/Part:BBa_K249005 BBa_K249005] ).<br />
By using GFP::R9 fusion protein connected at GFP's C-terminal, we might improve macropinocytos, a type of endocytosis.<br />
<br />
<br />
At''' Activation''', in order to see whether FT is usable or not, we measured the amount of FUL and SEP3 by qPCR of cDNA. However, there was not any significant difference between experimental group and negative control.<br />
It’s cause may be that FT protein was not active or decomposed in the cell or even that FT protein didn’t enter plant cells.<br />
If we perform Western blotting of FT in plant cell after putting FT into it with R9, we will be able to understand whether the problem was FT protein or R9 peptides.<br />
<br />
If the cause was that our FT protein was not active though FT had entered the cell, FT will be confirmed. <br />
In that case, we have to consider the possibilities that FT needs Post-translational modification or Arabidopsis thaliana that we used was old.<br />
<br />
When FT needs Post-translational modification, we have to do more research about difference of Post-translational modification between E.coli and Arabidopsis thaliana.<br />
<br />
When Arabidopsis thaliana that we used was old, it might have originally expressed enough FT, so our FT might not be necessary to induce FUL and SEP3.<br />
<br />
If the cause was that FT didn’t enter plant cell or FT was decomposed in the cell, FT will not be confirmed. <br />
When FT didn’t enter plant cell, we have to reconstruct experimental system, for example, by using other kinds of R9 since there exist more effective R9s.<br />
Wnen FT was decomposed in the cell, we have to investigate the mechanism of decomposing protein. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Future Works===<br />
<br />
We noticed only flowering and florigen in this time but there are many other plant hormones. We made translocation pathway from ''E.coli'' into plant cells, so we will be able to introduce plant hormones into plant cells if ''E.coli'' can make them. It means we can control plant growth in any stage through genetically engineered ''E.coli''. In the future that is not so far, we will be able to meddle in plants' growth――germinating, elongation, flowering, and fructification. We human will finally accomplish a technology that control plants perfectly.<br />
<br />
Moreover, R9 peptide functions not only plant cell. R9 peptide works on animal cell similarly. It means that we found a pathway into any kinds of cells. R9 peptide tag enables us to introduce proteins into any cells, so we will be able to control all living cells using this technology.<br />
<br />
===Biosafety===<br />
[[Image:KyotoBSL1.png|link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:KAIT_Japan/Human_Practice|left|BioSafetyLevel1]]<br />
<br>We cooperated with KAIT-Japan and the mark on the left indicates Biosafety Level of our parts.<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<html><a id="FFEReferences"></a></html><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_ReferencesHeader.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
[1][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15695452 Microsugar Chang et al.(2005) "Cellular internalization of fluorescent proteins via arginine-rich intracellular delivery peptide in plant cells" Plant Cell Physiol, 46(3), 482–488]<br><br />
[2][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16155177 Paula Teper-Bamnolker and Alon Samach1.(2005) "The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves" The Plant Cell, 17, 2661–2675]<br><br />
[3][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099980 Philip A. Wigge et al.(2005) "Integration of spatial and temporal information during floral induction in Arabidopsis" Science, 309(5737), 1056-1059]<br><br />
[4][http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/3/4/961/htm Sara Trabulo et al.(2010) "Cell-penetrating peptides—mechanisms of cellular uptake and generation of delivery systems" Pharmaceuticals, 3, 961-993]<br><br />
[5][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15147914 Unnamalai N, Kang BG, Lee.(2004) "Cationic oligopeptide-mediated delivery of dsRNA for post-transcriptional gene silencing in plant cells" FEBS Lett 21, 566(1-3), 307-10]<br><br />
[6][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22683878 Tracy Palmer and Ben C. Berks.(2012) "The twin-arginine translocation (Tat) protein export pathway" Nat Rev Microbiol, 10(7), 483-96]<br><br />
[7][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14966662 Choi JH, Lee SY.(2004) "Secretory and extracellular production of recombinant proteins using Escherichia coli" Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 64(5), 625-35]<br><br />
[8][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042754 Miksch G, Fiedler E, Dobrowolski P, Friehs K.(1997) "The kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid of Escherichia coli controlled by a growth-phase-dependent promoter mediates the secretion of a heterologous periplasmic protein during the stationary phase" Arch Microbiol, 167(2-3), 143-50]<br><br />
[9][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854367 Seibel BA, Walsh PJ.(2002) "Trimethylamine oxide accumulation in marine animals: relationship to acylglycerol storage" J Exp Biol, 205(Pt 3), 297-306]<br><br />
[10][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11123687 Thomas JD, Daniel RA, Errington J, Robinson C.(2001) "Export of active green fluorescent protein to the periplasm by the twin-arginine translocase (Tat) pathway in Escherichia coli" Mol Microbiol, 39(1), 47-53]<br><br />
[11][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3139642 Suit JL, Luria SE.(1988) "Expression of the kil gene of the ColE1 plasmid in Escherichia coli Kilr mutants causes release of periplasmic enzymes and of colicin without cell death" J Bacteriol, 170(10), 4963-4966]<br><br />
[12][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702305 DeLisa MP, Lee P, Palmer T, Georgiou G.(2004) "Phage shock protein PspA of Escherichia coli relieves saturation of protein export via the Tat pathway" J Bacteriol, 186(2), 366-373]<br><br />
[13][http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16099979 Araki, T et al.(2005) “FD, a bZIP protein mediating signals from the floral pathway integrator FT at the shoot apex” Science 309(5737), 1052–1056]</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-26T18:48:50Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
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<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
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<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
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<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this <br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talked with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that some of them will join iGEM in the future.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In Science agora, a variety of people with various backgrounds were there. <br />
Many children learned about synthetic biology here, and we communicated with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
In Japan, there are more than 10 teams, so communication with other Japanese teams is very important to make our activities better. This summer, we held a meeting of iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University. Each team presented and discussed its theme with other teams. Moreover we held an online meeting among iGEM teams in Japan and practiced presentations.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which could make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They performed "Safety Icon Project".In this project, they designed icons in safety, which you could tell whether the parts in registry were safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]].<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-25T03:54:04Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
read more:[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-25T03:53:18Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
[[File:Japanese.pdf|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing us of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/File:Japanese.pdfFile:Japanese.pdf2012-10-25T03:52:32Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:51:20Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Tie-up with Super Science High school */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:51:06Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Tie-up with Super Science High school */</p>
<hr />
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<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="5">We began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:50:38Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Tie-up with Super Science High school */</p>
<hr />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<font size ="4">Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.</font><br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:48:49Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Walk-in science */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages who live in Kyoto, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:48:03Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font><br />
<br />
and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:47:07Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
<font size="5">We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" </font>and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:45:43Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br><br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br><br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:45:10Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
<font size="6">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:44:59Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
<font size="4">This is why we create "iColi".</font><br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:44:00Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice". */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:43:30Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
===This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".===<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many people know the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it. Besides, we attempted to communicate with<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:43:13Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it. */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many people know the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it. Besides, we attempted to communicate with<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:42:40Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
===Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.===<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many people know the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it. Besides, we attempted to communicate with <br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:40:39Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
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{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
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[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many people know the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it. Besides, we attempted to communicate with <br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-24T15:39:22Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many Japanese people know iGEM and participate in it.<br />
This is why we implemented nine projects.<br />
In order to achieve our purpose, we gave many people lessons the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it at many places.<br />
Besides, we attempted to communicate with local people who live in Kyoto through teaching science, synthetic biology, and "iGEM".<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
Our purpose of these projects is that we let many people know the correct knowledge about Genetic Engineering and eliminate the bias toward it. Besides, we attempted to communicate with <br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL), Leave a Nest''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:KyotoTeam:Kyoto2012-10-24T15:13:33Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:KyotoHeader.png|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<div><br />
=[[File:Kyoto_OurProject.png|link=|180px]]=<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_FlowerFairyEcoli.png|link=]]==<br />
How wonderful would it be, if you can see flowers in full glory throughout the year? If flowers bloom whenever you want, you could eat tasty fruits and see beautiful flowers any time. It is what we have been looking for, the technology to make flowers bloom. There is a plant hormone that enables us to realize this dream. The plant hormone, Florigen, controls and triggers flowering in plants. We will create [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Flower Fairy E.coli''']]. This will make Florigen and transfer it into plant cells! This will enable us to make flowers bloom anytime!<br />
<br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/e1/Kyoto_Movie1.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/Kyoto_Movie2.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/33/Kyoto_Movie3.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1e/Kyoto_Movie4.png"></img><br />
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<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.png|link=]]==<br />
<br />
Have you ever hoped for a faster experiment? We guess you have. In order to achieve a successful study, we have to experiment day by day. This is the case for iGEM, too. iGEMers tend to experiment on ''Escherichia.coli'', and almost all experiments take a lot of time. Unless our guess is wrong, all scholars and iGEMers undergo hardships that make it seem impossible to complete their work by a deadline. [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Golden Gate assembly''']] made up by Carola Engler, Romy Kandzia, Sylvestre Marillonnet enables us to construct genes faster than any other assembly methods. We will confirm this assembly method and will so some experiments to check how the number of promoters influences the strength of transcription.<br />
<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenPrimerDesigner.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
This year, we implemented '''nine projects''' on [[Team:Kyoto/Consideration|"'''human practice'''"]]. <br><br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br><br />
We created an iPhone app named "iColi" which is a way to bring Japanese closer to synthetic biology.<br />
In addition, we carried out a lecture of synthetic biology and biochemistry at many places, Hibiya high school; Horikawa high school, Kyoto University, and so on.<br />
Our activities which we conduct this year actually help many people know synthetic biology and gene recombination.<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Application</font><br><br />
----<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|right|300px]]<br />
One of the main projects is to create an iPhone apps to help many Japanese know synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
We set the project because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, and we want to modify this bias. <br />
<br />
In addition, few Japanese people know what gene recombination is all about, so we would like to show them how wonderful recombination is.<br />
<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Education</font><br><br />
----<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. <br />
This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto University.<br />
<br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. We hope that many Japanese teams take part in the next iGEM HS division.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="5">Other activities</font><br><br />
----<br />
*Kyoto University Academic day<br><br />
*November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University<br><br />
*Science agora<br><br />
*Tie-up with Super Science High school<br><br />
*Cooperation<br><br />
*Symposium on liberal arts and general education<br><br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Criteria.png|link=]]=<br />
You can see it at [https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 here].<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png]]=<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #888888; padding: 10px;"><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html|110px|right]]<br />
[[File:KUlogo.png | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|250px]]<br />
[[File:CosmoBio.png | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/|250p]]<br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site|220px]]<br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:KyotoTeam:Kyoto2012-10-24T15:12:08Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:KyotoHeader.png|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<div><br />
=[[File:Kyoto_OurProject.png|link=|180px]]=<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_FlowerFairyEcoli.png|link=]]==<br />
How wonderful would it be, if you can see flowers in full glory throughout the year? If flowers bloom whenever you want, you could eat tasty fruits and see beautiful flowers any time. It is what we have been looking for, the technology to make flowers bloom. There is a plant hormone that enables us to realize this dream. The plant hormone, Florigen, controls and triggers flowering in plants. We will create [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Flower Fairy E.coli''']]. This will make Florigen and transfer it into plant cells! This will enable us to make flowers bloom anytime!<br />
<br />
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<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.png|link=]]==<br />
<br />
Have you ever hoped for a faster experiment? We guess you have. In order to achieve a successful study, we have to experiment day by day. This is the case for iGEM, too. iGEMers tend to experiment on ''Escherichia.coli'', and almost all experiments take a lot of time. Unless our guess is wrong, all scholars and iGEMers undergo hardships that make it seem impossible to complete their work by a deadline. [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Golden Gate assembly''']] made up by Carola Engler, Romy Kandzia, Sylvestre Marillonnet enables us to construct genes faster than any other assembly methods. We will confirm this assembly method and will so some experiments to check how the number of promoters influences the strength of transcription.<br />
<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenPrimerDesigner.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
This year, we implemented ””nine projects"" on [[Team:Kyoto/Consideration|"'''human practice'''"]]. <br><br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br><br />
We created an iPhone app named "iColi" which is a way to bring Japanese closer to synthetic biology.<br />
In addition, we carried out a lecture of synthetic biology and biochemistry at many places, Hibiya high school; Horikawa high school, Kyoto University, and so on.<br />
Our activities which we conduct this year actually help many people know synthetic biology and gene recombination.<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Application</font><br><br />
----<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|right|300px]]<br />
One of the main projects is to create an iPhone apps to help many Japanese know synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
We set the project because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, and we want to modify this bias. <br />
<br />
In addition, few Japanese people know what gene recombination is all about, so we would like to show them how wonderful recombination is.<br />
<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Education</font><br><br />
----<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. <br />
This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto University.<br />
<br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. We hope that many Japanese teams take part in the next iGEM HS division.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="5">Other activities</font><br><br />
----<br />
*Kyoto University Academic day<br><br />
*November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University<br><br />
*Science agora<br><br />
*Tie-up with Super Science High school<br><br />
*Cooperation<br><br />
*Symposium on liberal arts and general education<br><br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Criteria.png|link=]]=<br />
You can see it at [https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 here].<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png]]=<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #888888; padding: 10px;"><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html|110px|right]]<br />
[[File:KUlogo.png | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|250px]]<br />
[[File:CosmoBio.png | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/|250p]]<br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site|220px]]<br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:KyotoTeam:Kyoto2012-10-24T15:11:51Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:KyotoHeader.png|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<div><br />
=[[File:Kyoto_OurProject.png|link=|180px]]=<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_FlowerFairyEcoli.png|link=]]==<br />
How wonderful would it be, if you can see flowers in full glory throughout the year? If flowers bloom whenever you want, you could eat tasty fruits and see beautiful flowers any time. It is what we have been looking for, the technology to make flowers bloom. There is a plant hormone that enables us to realize this dream. The plant hormone, Florigen, controls and triggers flowering in plants. We will create [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Flower Fairy E.coli''']]. This will make Florigen and transfer it into plant cells! This will enable us to make flowers bloom anytime!<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#kyoto-movie {<br />
margin: auto;<br />
width: 650px;<br />
height: 404px;<br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/Kyoto_Movie2.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/33/Kyoto_Movie3.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1e/Kyoto_Movie4.png"></img><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.png|link=]]==<br />
<br />
Have you ever hoped for a faster experiment? We guess you have. In order to achieve a successful study, we have to experiment day by day. This is the case for iGEM, too. iGEMers tend to experiment on ''Escherichia.coli'', and almost all experiments take a lot of time. Unless our guess is wrong, all scholars and iGEMers undergo hardships that make it seem impossible to complete their work by a deadline. [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Golden Gate assembly''']] made up by Carola Engler, Romy Kandzia, Sylvestre Marillonnet enables us to construct genes faster than any other assembly methods. We will confirm this assembly method and will so some experiments to check how the number of promoters influences the strength of transcription.<br />
<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenPrimerDesigner.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
This year, we implemented <font size="3">””nine projects""</font> on [[Team:Kyoto/Consideration|"'''human practice'''"]]. <br><br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br><br />
We created an iPhone app named "iColi" which is a way to bring Japanese closer to synthetic biology.<br />
In addition, we carried out a lecture of synthetic biology and biochemistry at many places, Hibiya high school; Horikawa high school, Kyoto University, and so on.<br />
Our activities which we conduct this year actually help many people know synthetic biology and gene recombination.<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Application</font><br><br />
----<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|right|300px]]<br />
One of the main projects is to create an iPhone apps to help many Japanese know synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
We set the project because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, and we want to modify this bias. <br />
<br />
In addition, few Japanese people know what gene recombination is all about, so we would like to show them how wonderful recombination is.<br />
<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Education</font><br><br />
----<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. <br />
This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto University.<br />
<br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. We hope that many Japanese teams take part in the next iGEM HS division.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="5">Other activities</font><br><br />
----<br />
*Kyoto University Academic day<br><br />
*November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University<br><br />
*Science agora<br><br />
*Tie-up with Super Science High school<br><br />
*Cooperation<br><br />
*Symposium on liberal arts and general education<br><br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Criteria.png|link=]]=<br />
You can see it at [https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 here].<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png]]=<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #888888; padding: 10px;"><br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html|110px|right]]<br />
[[File:KUlogo.png | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|250px]]<br />
[[File:CosmoBio.png | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/|250p]]<br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site|220px]]<br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br />
<br clear="both"/><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:24:37Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
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<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/File:Article2.jpgFile:Article2.jpg2012-10-23T12:21:36Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:21:04Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article2.jpg|link=|right]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:18:56Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article.jpg|link=|right]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:18:06Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
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{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:article.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/File:Article.jpgFile:Article.jpg2012-10-23T12:17:19Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:13:06Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
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showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:DSC 0999.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/File:Zengaku2.jpgFile:Zengaku2.jpg2012-10-23T12:12:34Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:09:36Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
[[File:zengaku.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/File:DSC_0999.JPGFile:DSC 0999.JPG2012-10-23T12:07:46Z<p>Nitroneet 119: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-10-23T12:05:09Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iPhone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the Japanese who know what gene recombination is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school; furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_7.png|left|250px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_1.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_2.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_5.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_6.png|80px]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0_3.png|80px]]<br />
<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. "iColi" is an encyclopedia of E. coli made in iGEM. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each theme.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower Fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
[[File:i.Colicoli.png|left|250px]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, and then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used [[Team:Kyoto/Education|these slides]] in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
<br><br>Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to show what we study, how interesting sciences are, to people who walk in non-academic place. "Walk-in Science" joiners had booths on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what Biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Campus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Campus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMer will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower Fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives, and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science High school==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and diffuse synthetic biology.<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==The 3rd international symposium on liberal arts and general education==<br />
we wrote an article about "Japanese Attitude toward Genetic Engineering" and presented it in the 2nd International Symposium on Liberal Arts and General Education which took place at Clock Tower Centennial Hall in Kyoto University, on November 23, 2011.<br />
Many people starve to death because they are unable to grow enough crops in their impoverished countries. Food shortage has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Some people expect that genetic engineering can solve this problem because genetically modified plants can grow more easily in barren land .<br />
However, some people worry that genetically modified foods may do harm to our health and the environment. It is often reported that Japanese people tend to avoid genetically modified foods. Sure enough, previous surveys of attitudes toward genetic engineering showed that, in Japan, more people had “negative” or “neutral” opinions regarding genetically modified foods than people in other nations.<br />
These findings piqued our interest in the Japanese public’s views on genetic engineering and made clear to us the importance of active discussion on the subject of genetic engineering. In conjunction with other university students in Japan, we designed questionnaires asking for subjects’ impressions of genetic engineering and carried out a nationwide survey in order to clarify the reasons for Japanese people’s attitudes toward the subject .<br />
In this paper, we suggest that educational differences have created a gap between the attitudes of students and adults of their parents’ generation.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each team have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated, and makes a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
Moreover we suggested holding an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area, and we will practice presentations via Skype.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation with KAIT_Japan on issues of safety. ==<br />
[[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] has an issue of safety. When we were trying some program which can make our research safer, we got their proposal about safety. They did "Safety Icon Project". They designed icons in safety, which you can tell whether the parts in registry are safety or not at a glance. You can see the explanation of the icons and their meanings [[Team:Kyoto/Cooperation Program|here]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*TatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*TorA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*kil <br />
*FLOWERING LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWERING LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant ''E.coli'' is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol: We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: These reagents are used to microscope ''E.coli'' by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is usually stored in Prof. Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and ''E.coli''. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members. However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific problem.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Tatsuya Hirose<br />
Faculty of Science. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committee, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Tetsuro Okuno<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of reagents.'''<br />
*Yasuo Mori<br><br />
Graduate Scholl of Engineering, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and supports us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)''' supported us.<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:KyotoTeam:Kyoto2012-10-23T11:46:54Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* link= */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:KyotoHeader.png|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<div><br />
=[[File:Kyoto_OurProject.png|link=|180px]]=<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_FlowerFairyEcoli.png|link=]]==<br />
How wonderful would it be, if you can see flowers in full glory throughout the year? If flowers bloom whenever you want, you could eat tasty fruits and see beautiful flowers any time. It is what we have been looking for, the technology to make flowers bloom. There is a plant hormone that enables us to realize this dream. The plant hormone, Florigen, controls and triggers flowering in plants. We will create [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Flower Fairy E.coli''']]. This will make Florigen and transfer it into plant cells! This will enable us to make flowers bloom anytime!<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<style type="text/css"><br />
#kyoto-movie {<br />
margin: auto;<br />
width: 650px;<br />
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$(function() {<br />
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if (x < 93) { return; }<br />
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if (x < 320) { moveLeft(); }<br />
else if (x > 320) { moveRight(); }<br />
});<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
<div id="kyoto-movie"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1f/Kyoto_Frame.png"></img><br />
<div id="kyoto-movie-base"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/e1/Kyoto_Movie1.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/Kyoto_Movie2.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/33/Kyoto_Movie3.png"></img><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1e/Kyoto_Movie4.png"></img><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
==[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.png|link=]]==<br />
<br />
Have you ever hoped for a faster experiment? We guess you have. In order to achieve a successful study, we have to experiment day by day. This is the case for iGEM, too. iGEMers tend to experiment on ''Escherichia.coli'', and almost all experiments take a lot of time. Unless our guess is wrong, all scholars and iGEMers undergo hardships that make it seem impossible to complete their work by a deadline. [[Team:Kyoto/Project|'''Golden Gate assembly''']] made up by Carola Engler, Romy Kandzia, Sylvestre Marillonnet enables us to construct genes faster than any other assembly methods. We will confirm this assembly method and will so some experiments to check how the number of promoters influences the strength of transcription.<br />
<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenGateAssembly.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
[[File:Kyoto_GoldenPrimerDesigner.jpg | link=https://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/Project]]<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
This year, we implemented <font size="3">nine projects</font> on [[Team:Kyoto/Consideration|"'''human practice'''"]]. <br><br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br><br />
We created an iPhone app named "iColi" which is a way to bring Japanese closer to synthetic biology.<br />
In addition, we carried out a lecture of synthetic biology and biochemistry at many places, Hibiya high school; Horikawa high school, Kyoto University, and so on.<br />
Our activities which we conduct this year actually help many people know synthetic biology and gene recombination.<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Application</font><br><br />
----<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|right|300px]]<br />
One of the main projects is to create an iPhone apps to help many Japanese know synthetic biology. <br />
<br />
We set the project because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, and we want to modify this bias. <br />
<br />
In addition, few Japanese people know what gene recombination is all about, so we would like to show them how wonderful recombination is.<br />
<br />
<br />
<font size="5">Education</font><br><br />
----<br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. <br />
This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto University.<br />
<br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. We hope that many Japanese teams take part in the next iGEM HS division.<br><br />
<br />
<font size="5">Other activities</font><br><br />
----<br />
*Kyoto University Academic day<br><br />
*November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University<br><br />
*Science agora<br><br />
*Tie-up with Super Science High school<br><br />
*Cooperation<br><br />
*Symposium on liberal arts and general education<br><br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Criteria.png|link=]]=<br />
You can see it at [https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 here].<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png]]=<br />
<div style="background-color: #ffffff;"><br />
[[File:KUlogo.png | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|250px]]<br />
[[File:CosmoBio.png | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/|250px]]<br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site|220px]] <br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br />
[[File:Leave_a_Nest.jpg | link=http://www.cactus.co.jp/aboutus/partners.html|220px]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-09-26T20:08:03Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Kyoto University Academic day */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
=Consideration=<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iphone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the japanese who know what gene recombination is is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|left|300px]]<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each themes.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used these slides in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
[[Team:Kyoto/Education]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to let people who walk in non-academic place know more about science.<br />
We had booths(mathematics, chemistry, biology etc...) on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic Day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Canpus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Canpus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMER will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives,and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science Highschool==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and prevail synthetic biology .<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each teams have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated , and make a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -an online meeting in iGEM KANSAI- ==<br />
<br />
<br />
In September 28 we will hold an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area,and we will practice presentations in Skype.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*tatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*torA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*Kil <br />
*FLOWER LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWER LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant E.coli is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide,2-mercaptoethanol:We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: This reagents are used to microscope E.coli by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is ususally stored in Prof.Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and E.coli. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members.However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment :http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific ploblems.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committe, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Okuno Tetsuro<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
OB<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and support us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Intergrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-09-26T20:05:28Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
=Consideration=<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iphone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the japanese who know what gene recombination is is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|left|300px]]<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each themes.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters that were presented in the past iGEM competition and "Flower fairy E.coli", furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used these slides in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
[[Team:Kyoto/Education]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to let people who walk in non-academic place know more about science.<br />
We had booths(mathematics, chemistry, biology etc...) on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Canpus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Canpus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMER will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives,and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science Highschool==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and prevail synthetic biology .<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each teams have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated , and make a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -an online meeting in iGEM KANSAI- ==<br />
<br />
<br />
In September 28 we will hold an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area,and we will practice presentations in Skype.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*tatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*torA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*Kil <br />
*FLOWER LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWER LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant E.coli is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide,2-mercaptoethanol:We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: This reagents are used to microscope E.coli by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is ususally stored in Prof.Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and E.coli. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members.However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment :http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific ploblems.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committe, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Okuno Tetsuro<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
OB<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and support us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Intergrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-09-26T20:03:11Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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</html><br />
<br />
=Consideration=<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iphone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the japanese who know what gene recombination is is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|left|300px]]<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won. Furthermore, it includes the explanation about each themes.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters including "Flower fairy E.coli" that were presented in the past iGEM competition, furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used these slides in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
[[Team:Kyoto/Education]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to let people who walk in non-academic place know more about science.<br />
We had booths(mathematics, chemistry, biology etc...) on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Canpus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Canpus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMER will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives,and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science Highschool==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and prevail synthetic biology .<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each teams have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated , and make a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -an online meeting in iGEM KANSAI- ==<br />
<br />
<br />
In September 28 we will hold an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area,and we will practice presentations in Skype.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*tatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*torA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*Kil <br />
*FLOWER LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWER LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant E.coli is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide,2-mercaptoethanol:We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: This reagents are used to microscope E.coli by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is ususally stored in Prof.Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and E.coli. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members.However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment :http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific ploblems.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committe, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Okuno Tetsuro<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
OB<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and support us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Intergrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-09-26T20:00:44Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
=Consideration=<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iphone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the japanese who know what gene recombination is is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|left|300px]]<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. This application contains not only the details of gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters including "Flower fairy E.coli" that were presented in the past iGEM competition, furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used these slides in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
[[Team:Kyoto/Education]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to let people who walk in non-academic place know more about science.<br />
We had booths(mathematics, chemistry, biology etc...) on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Canpus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Canpus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMER will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives,and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science Highschool==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and prevail synthetic biology .<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each teams have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated , and make a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -an online meeting in iGEM KANSAI- ==<br />
<br />
<br />
In September 28 we will hold an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area,and we will practice presentations in Skype.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*tatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*torA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*Kil <br />
*FLOWER LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWER LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant E.coli is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide,2-mercaptoethanol:We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: This reagents are used to microscope E.coli by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is ususally stored in Prof.Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and E.coli. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members.However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment :http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific ploblems.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committe, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Okuno Tetsuro<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
OB<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and support us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Intergrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-09-26T19:59:43Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
<html><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
});<br />
</script><br />
</html><br />
<br />
=Consideration=<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
</ul><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iphone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the japanese who know what gene recombination is is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|left|300px]]<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers in Japan by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. This application contains not only the gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters including "Flower fairy E.coli" that were presented in the past iGEM competition, furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used these slides in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
[[Team:Kyoto/Education]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to let people who walk in non-academic place know more about science.<br />
We had booths(mathematics, chemistry, biology etc...) on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Canpus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Canpus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMER will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives,and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science Highschool==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and prevail synthetic biology .<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each teams have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated , and make a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -an online meeting in iGEM KANSAI- ==<br />
<br />
<br />
In September 28 we will hold an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area,and we will practice presentations in Skype.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*tatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*torA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*Kil <br />
*FLOWER LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWER LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant E.coli is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide,2-mercaptoethanol:We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: This reagents are used to microscope E.coli by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is ususally stored in Prof.Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and E.coli. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members.However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment :http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific ploblems.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committe, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Okuno Tetsuro<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
OB<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and support us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Intergrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119http://2012.igem.org/Team:Kyoto/ConsiderationTeam:Kyoto/Consideration2012-09-26T19:55:02Z<p>Nitroneet 119: /* Application */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Header_Kyoto_not_home.jpg|975px|link=Team:Kyoto]]<br />
{{Kyoto/header}}<br />
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<script type="text/javascript"><br />
$(function() {<br />
showTab("kyoto-tab-HumanPractice");<br />
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<br />
=Consideration=<br />
<ul id="kyoto-tabs"><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-HumanPractice'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_HumanPractice.png|link=|HumanPractice]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Safety'); return false;"></html><br />
[[Image:KyotoTab_Safety.png|link=|Safety]]<html></a></html></li><br />
<li><html><a href="" onclick="showTab('kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement'); return false;"></html>[[Image:KyotoTab_Acknowledgement.png|link=|Acknowledgement]]<html></a></html></li><br />
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<div id="kyoto-tab-contents"><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-HumanPractice"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_HumanPractice.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
This year, we implemented nine plans on "human practice".<br />
<br />
<br />
Especially, we gave high priority to two programs, "Making iPhone app" and "Educational program" <br />
<br />
The first project is that we created an iphone app to let many Japanese know synthetic biology. This is because some Japanese people seem to have a bad impression for gene recombination, so we want to modify this bias. In addition, the number of the japanese who know what gene recombination is is still small, so we would like to show how wonderful recombination is to them.<br><br><br />
The second project is to introduce the synthetic biology to high school students, as we would like many high school students to participate in iGEM. This summer, we carried out lectures about gene recombination and biochemistry in "Seiryo festival" at Hibiya high school, furthermore we held a poster session in open campus of Kyoto university.<br><br><br />
Due to the curriculum in our country, it is rather difficult for high school students to take part in iGEM undergraduate category, so we decided to tell them about the HS division and support students who are interested in it. There will probably be many teams from Japan in the next iGEM HS division.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Application==<br />
[[File:Kyoto_iColi0.png|left|300px]]<br />
This year we created an iPhone app named "iColi" that is aimed to let many Japanese know synthetic biology and bring it closer to the non-English speakers by presentation of an example of gene recombination made by iGEMers. This application contains not only the gene recombination but also the list of genes and awards the teams won.<br />
<br />
Nowadays most Japanese people don't know about synthetic biology and details of gene recombination, even though there are many genetically-modified crops in Japan, and they often criticize it with poor knowledge. Then we want to make this situation better.<br />
<br />
This is why we create "iColi".<br />
<br />
We think "iColi" will be one of ways to let Japanese people know what synthetic biology is. This app introduces the understandable characters including "Flower fairy E.coli" that were presented in the past iGEM competition, furthermore this app contains the description of each characters. <br />
<br />
We already made it complete, and are preparing to release this app in "App Store" this fall.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br clear="both" /><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:KyotoLecture.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
We went to Hibiya high school and Horikawa high school, then we gave a short introduction on synthetic biology and iGEM, including the attractive points of synthetic biology, the ways of changing living things by reconstructing their genes and activities of other undergraduate iGEM teams. <br />
<br />
In Japan, most high school student was not able to learn about synthetic biology and details of gene combination due to a regular curriculum of high school. This is why we decided to let them know how to conduct the experience, what synthetic biology is, and what iGEM is. <br />
<br />
Furthermore we met some eager junior high school students, so we added a brief explanation about biochemistry, especially genes, nucleotide, codon and the basic system of gene expression.<br />
<br />
We used these slides in order to teach synthetic biology.<br />
[[Team:Kyoto/Education]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Walk-in science==<br />
[[File:Walkincampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
[[File:BioBrickBlocks.jpg|link=|center|380px]]<br />
The Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, held "Walk-in Science," a science communication event at Kyoto City Hall Station in February 25 & 26.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto also joined it and ran a booth of synthetic biology.<br />
<br />
Today, it is a problem in Japan that more young people are moving away from the sciences. Hence, it is important to let people, especially children, know more about sciences.<br />
"Walk-in Science" was an event to let people who walk in non-academic place know more about science.<br />
We had booths(mathematics, chemistry, biology etc...) on the street of the underground mall.<br />
<br />
To walkers of all ages, we told what biobrick is, with "BioBrick Blocks".<br />
Although most of them did not know about biotechnology, everyone listened to our speech and enrich their understanding.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Kyoto University Academic day ==<br />
[[File:Academicday2.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University Academic Day is a place of communication that anyone can notice the attractiveness of learning fun regardless of Citizens and researchers. <br />
<br />
The main purpose of this event is to reflect public opinion in national policy and research activities in the university.<br />
<br />
Actually we used a poster and a screen to tell how to conduct an experiment of gene recombination, what "iGEM" is, and our results of research to children, housewives, teachers, and so on, then we could communicate and explain it with the people who don't know about "iGEM".<br />
<br />
After our presentation many people said "I have had a bad impression on gene recombination and gene modified crops but today I heard the possibility of gene recombination and Synthetic biology, then I change my root thought about it"<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==November Festival and Open Campus at Kyoto University==<br />
[[File:opencampus.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
Kyoto University has some big events for people out of our university.<br />
We iGEM Kyoto joined two of those events: November Festival(NF) and Open Canpus.<br />
<br />
November Festa. is one of the biggest college festivals in West-Japan.<br />
It is held in 4 days, and many people of all ages come not only from Kyoto City but also from far away.<br />
In this festa. we presented what our team does in iGEM 2011 with a poster.<br />
We also explained what synthetic biology and iGEM are.<br />
<br />
Kyoto University's Open Canpus was held in August 9 & 10.<br />
Many high school students visited our univ.<br />
We talk with them about iGEM as one of the activities which college students can join.<br />
We believe that future iGEMER will come from among students we met.<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Science Agora==<br />
[[File:scienceagora.jpg|link=|right|400px]]<br />
"Science agora" is the biggest event in Japan about science. Last year, we exhibited our results of research that we created "carnivorous E.coli" and "Flower fairy E.coli" as a member of iGEM Japan.<br />
In the science agora, there are university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives… <br />
A variety of people with various backgrounds for example university students, office workers, researchers, teachers, artists, housewives,and so on carry out an event.<br />
<br />
Many children could learn about synthetic biology here, and we were able to communicate with many people.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Tie-up with Super Science Highschool==<br />
<br />
[[File:highschool.jpg|link=|left|300px]]<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
Through we began to communicate with students and teachers of Toyonaka high school.<br />
Toyonaka high school is authorized Super Science High School by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and conduct a policy that they will increase the number of students who learn university-level education in biology.<br />
As a one of the program, we decided to conduct the lecture that let them get into synthetic biology and experimental technique.<br />
We will be having the lecture about synthetic biology for three days in November.<br />
We thought this activity has several meaning that we are able to encourage regional development of science and technology and prevail synthetic biology .<br />
We would like to continue a communication like this.<br><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -a meeting in iGEM Japan- ==<br />
[[File:igemjapan.jpg|link=|right|300px]]<br />
This summer, we held a meeting in iGEM Japan at Tokyo Metropolitan University.<br />
The main purpose is to strengthen the relations between iGEM teams in Japan and discuss or debate themes that each teams have earnestly with each other.<br />
This meeting made our research project sophisticated , and make a solid contribution to other teams by criticizing their theme, so we can say that we help each other for the point of research project.<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
==Cooperation -an online meeting in iGEM KANSAI- ==<br />
<br />
<br />
In September 28 we will hold an online meeting among iGEM teams which is in kansai area,and we will practice presentations in Skype.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br style="clear: both;" /><br />
<br />
<br />
----<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Safety"><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Safety.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''Q1. Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety'''? <br />
<br />
We use the following creatures and genes. <br />
<br />
・Creatures<br />
*''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br />
*''Escherichia coli <br />
''<br />
・Genes<br />
*tatABCD operon<br />
*TAMO reductase<br />
*torA signal<br />
*pspA<br />
*Kil <br />
*FLOWER LOCUS T <br />
*others in iGEM Parts Kit<br />
FLOWER LOCUS T is derived from ''Arabidopsis thaliana'' and other all genes expect for iGEM Parts Kit are derived from ''E.coli''. All experiments are conducted under the Biosafety level 1 control. All of rubbish containing recombinant E.coli is not carried out of our Lab before being sterilized. We always take care to lock the door of our Lab when there is no person so that the possibility that someone goes into our Lab and takes away recombinant cells is very low.<br />
<br />
We are trained in applicable lab safety to ensure researcher safety and environmental safety. The researchers have also been trained in proper usage of chemicals and equipment. Some of the biological reagents and experiments necessary for the project needed safety measures. They were; Ethidium Bromide (EtBr), phenol, chloroform, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, gas burner, ultra violet LED, polyacrylamide, 2-mercaptoethanol, PFA. Therefore, all researchers keep following rules when we use the chemicals or equipment above.<br />
* EtBr (Ethidium bromide): EtBr is regarded as a mutagen, carcinogen or teratogen. Lab members were briefed on the possible effects of EtBr. During the experiments, we wore gloves. After use, the gloves and gel were separately disposed.<br />
* Phenol and 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic Acid: Phenol and its vapors are corrosive to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid can cause serious irritation to eyes. These were handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Chloroform: Chloroform is a possible carcinogen. To avoid unnecessary exposure, this was also handled under the draft chamber.<br />
* Gas Burner: We used gas burners and heated the air around the workspace to raise the temperature, thereby reducing contamination. Although the gas burner is a common combustion apparatus we are all familiar with, it can cause a massive disaster if used improperly. We made all-out efforts to keep all the flammable items away from the flame and not to pass behind a person who is using a gas burner.<br />
* Ultra Violet LED: Ultra violet (UVB) is harmful to eyes. Hence, the LEDs were lit only inside the cardboard box and we only look at it to check if it is properly lit to avoid long exposure.<br />
* polyacrylamide,2-mercaptoethanol:We used these reagents for Western Blotting. They are toxic even though they are necessary to check the expression of target proteins so we asked for advice on how we should store them and obeyed the rules of Kyoto University. <br />
* PFA: This reagents are used to microscope E.coli by Confocal laser scanning microscopy. This is ususally stored in Prof.Agata’s Laboratory <br />
<br />
'''Q2. Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues?''' <br />
<br />
* NO. Currently we have no BioBrick which raises any safety issues. The BioBricks we made this year are derived only from lab-safe strains of Arabidopsis thaliana and E.coli. <br />
<br />
<br />
'''Q3. Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution?'''<br />
<br />
Yes. We submitted the experiment plan to the Environment, Safety, and Health Organization, Kyoto Univ. (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.php) and were allowed to operate genetic modification of the bacteria under the Biosafety level 1(. Experiments were planned following the safety guidelines of the university (http://www.esho.kyoto-u.ac.jp/wp-content /uploads/2008/05/25_01.pdf). These guidelines are based on national laws and this includes several regulations on GMOs (http://www.bch.biodic.go.jp/hourei1.html). We carried out our experiments in the students-laboratory of the Graduate School of Science / Faculty of Science, Kyoto Univ, which has its own department for safety and environment. All of the lab members received training for PCR, culture of cells, miniprep and etc., the minimal genetical operations and use of autoclave. <br />
<br />
'''Q4. Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?'''<br />
<br />
IGEMers should set up a common clear biosafety regulation in iGEM competition and establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. This education should include information about biohazard and biotechnology risk assessment and risk analysis.<br />
<br />
Backgrounds of iGEMers have become wider and wider, from high school students to graduate student in biology and from major in physics to major in molecular biology. For some students, iGEM is the first contact to genetic engineering and they have little knowledge of biohazard and importance of biosafety. Each iGEM teams, of course, teaches the knowledge to their members.However, a systematic education way of biosafety will help students to understand biosafety and to conduct their experiments more adequately. <br />
<br />
From these reasons, we recommend that iGEM establish a systematic guideline of education about biosafety. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''We work together with [[Team:KAIT_Japan|KAIT_Japan]] on issues of safety.'''<br />
<br />
Cooperatively with KAIT_Japan, We iGEM Kyoto placed icons on our Wiki, which immediately enable you to see a risk of parts. The icons are as follows:<br />
<br />
*Bio safety level 1:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level1.png<br />
*Bio safety level 2:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level2.png<br />
*Bio safety level 3:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biosafety_Level3.png<br />
*cases which affect biological community: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Biocenosis.png<br />
*cases which affect the environment :http://partsregistry.org/Image:Environment.png<br />
*cases which affect human bodies:http://partsregistry.org/Image:Humanbody.png<br />
*cases which includes a certain risk because of mutations: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Mutation.png<br />
<br />
*safe: http://partsregistry.org/Image:Safety.png<br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Acknowledgement"><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Acknowledgement.png|link=]]=<br />
<br />
'''iGEM Kyoto 2012 team wouldn't have been able to do much without the lots of support of great advice and attributions. Thank you very much from the bottom of our heart.'''<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing lots of advice on techniques and helping us to solve scientific ploblems.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Knut Woltjen<br><br />
Center for iPS Cell Research and Application(CiRA). Kyoto University<br><br />
*Humihiko Satou<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Takayuki Kouchi<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Toru Matou & Masaru Kobayashi<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Takashi Endou<br><br />
Faculty/Graduate School of Agriculture<br><br />
*Tan Inoue<br><br />
Graduate School of Biostudies. Kyoto University<br><br />
*Ken Kajita<br />
Faculty of Engineering. Kyoto University<br><br><br />
'''Thank you for letting us use laboratory and seminar room over the summer vacation and use freely expensive laboratory equipment.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Kyoto University Committe, Faculty of Science Building #2<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
== Attribution ==<br />
<br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Flower Locus T Plasmid.'''<br><br />
<br />
*Takashi Araki<br><br />
[http://www.lif.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/plantdevbio/index.html Laboratory of Plant Deveropmental Biology]<br><br />
2007 Plant Developmental Biology, Graduate School of BIOSTUDIES, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana.'''<br><br />
*Okuno Tetsuro<br><br />
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Kojiro Takanashi<br><br />
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Sota Fujii<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br />
*Toshiharu Shikanai<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of MilliQ and EtBr.'''<br><br />
*Tokitaka Oyama<br><br />
Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana and Syringe. '''<br><br />
*Ikuko Nishimura<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ <br />
*Tomonori Takada<br><br />
Department of Botany, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for providing of Arabidopsis thaliana. '''<br><br />
*Ikuhiko Nakase<br><br />
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto-Univ.<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our using confocal microscope and liquid nitrogen.'''<br><br />
*Makoto Kashima<br><br />
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto Univ<br><br><br />
<br />
'''Thank you for your supervising of our purification of protein.'''<br><br />
*Wataru Shihoya<br><br />
OB<br><br><br />
<br />
=[[File:Kyoto_Sponsors.png|link=]]=<br />
'''Kyoto University''' is our school and support us.<br><br />
[[File:KUlogo.jpg | link=http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/|]]<br><br><br><br />
'''Intergrated DNA Technologies (IDT), Japanese branch, Medical & Biological Laboratories Company (MBL)<br><br />
[[File:IDTLogo2010.png | link=http://www.idtdna.com/site]]<br><br />
[[File:MBLlogo.gif | link=http://www.mbl.co.jp/e/index.html]]<br><br><br><br />
'''CosmoBio''' supported us financially.<br><br />
[[File:CosmoBio.jpg | link=http://www.cosmobio.co.jp/]]<br><br />
</div><br />
<div id="kyoto-tab-Criteria"><br />
<br />
[https://igem.org/2012_Judging_Form?id=797 Criteria]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
{{Kyoto/footer}}</div>Nitroneet 119