http://2012.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Contributions&feed=atom&limit=100&target=Chr.karine&year=&month=2012.igem.org - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T18:32:33ZFrom 2012.igem.orgMediaWiki 1.16.0http://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/TeamTeam:Evry/Team2012-11-28T06:57:42Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<h2>The members of the team come from different schools and universities:</h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.issb.genopole.fr/Education">Evry university, Master mSSB </a>(Synthetic and systemic biology)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.uvsq.fr/welcome-to-uvsq-207282.kjsp?RH=ACCUEIL-FR&RF=ACCUEIL-EN">Versailles Saint Quentin university</a>(Biology)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.univ-paris1.fr/">Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University </a>(Philosophy)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.ens.fr/?lang=en">Ecole Normale Supérieure</a>(Engineering)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.ecp.fr/lang/en/homepage">Ecole Centrale Paris </a>(Engineering)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.supbiotech.fr/en/presentation-supbiotech.aspx">Sup'Biotech Paris </a>(Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.esiee.fr/en/">ESIEE Management </a>(Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.telecom-sudparis.eu/en_accueil.html>Télécom Sud Paris )</a>(Telecommunication Engineering & Managment</li><br />
<li><a href="http://www.epita.fr/masters/">Epita </a>(Computer Science)</li><br />
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<center><h1><a name="envi" style="text-decoration:none; color: white;">Our environment: a key location for synthetic biology in France</a></h1></center><br />
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<h2>Environment</h2><br />
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<a href="http://www.issb.genopole.fr/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bf/Photo_iSSB.jpeg" alt="logo issb" align="left" height="200px"/></a><br />
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<h3>The Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology (iSSB):</h3><br />
<p><br />
iSSB is located on the Genopole® in Evry, host team in the summer. The iSSB is a laboratory at the University of Evry and CNRS, supported by Genopole®. It is a multidisciplinary environment where collaborate physicists, chemists, computer scientists and biologists. It is also the laboratory who founded and directs the Master 2 Systems Biology Synthetic and MSSB. This master of avant-garde, unique in France, offers courses provided by researchers at the forefront of their field, which guaranteed training in the state of the art techniques used in synthetic biology.<br/><br/><br />
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<h2>Collaborations</h2><br />
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<a href="http://www.lapaillasse.org/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c4/Logo_lapaillasse.png" alt="logo la paillasse" align="left" height="200px"/></a><br />
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<h3>La Paillasse: The Paris community Lab for Biotech</h3><br />
<p><br />
La Paillasse is a physical and web platform for citizen scientists, amateur biologists, researchers and entrepreneurs that fosters open-science, debates and hands-on practice of Biotechnology. La Paillasse is also the first and largest community laboratory for Biotech in France. This year, La Paillasse and some of its members are joining the team of Evry to participate in the design and the realization of one of the coolest iGEM project ever: The french froggies. During the summer, La Paillasse have hosted and organized meet-ups between citizens and the iGEM team for explaining the stakes of our iGEM projects and of Synthetic Biology in general. More in the Human practice section. <a href="http://www.lapaillasse.org">La Paillasse website! </a><br />
</p><br />
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<h1>Lab team</h1><br />
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<table id="team" cellspacing="10" ><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/19/Photo_Tristan.jpeg" alt="tristan" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Tristan Cerisy</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor at Evry’s University, in Bioinformatics. During that year when Jean-loup Faulon presented iGem and synthetic biology, I found it very interesting. I wanted to participate with iGem from my bachelor. Because no team existed yet close to our university, William and I decided to create this team in November and we looked for interested people, funding and projects. I am very excited to be involved in this project with this wonderful team.<br />
</p><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Jorge2.png" alt="jorge" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Jorgelindo Da Veiga Moreira</h3><br />
<i>Master 1, AIV, Diderot University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m a bachelor graduated student from a Parisian engineering school. I look forward to a Master degree in biotechnology. I discovered synthetic biology mainly through conferences and I’ve been immediately fascinated by this new biological approach to work on living systems. iGEM is a good opportunity for me to start in this field and to acquire experience for my future engineering carrier.<br />
</p><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Carolina.jpeg" alt="carolina" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Carolina Gallo Lopez</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Having acquired a background in biology and a first year of master in “Genomics, Cells, Development and Evolution” at the University of Paris Sud 11, I started to be interested in systems biology since my last year of bachelor and decided on getting involved in this approach during both my second year of master and my master’s thesis. I am participating in the iGEM competition as it allows me to combine experimental work with theoretical modelling. I am keen to learn not only different biological techniques and modeling approaches but also to learn from my teammates and other iGEM teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8e/Photo_Tiffany.jpeg" alt="tiffany" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Tiffany Souterre</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a BTS in Biotechnology, I went to Sup'Biotech, an engineering school in Biotechnology. For 6 years, I have been studying DNA manipulation, bacteria transformation... but it is only recently that I have heard about Synthetic Biology. It is such a promising and interesting field but requires multidisciplinary skills. I am eager to increase my knowledge to be able to work at the interface of biology and computer science. I discovered iGEM thanks to the 2009 Sup'Biotech team and I have no doubt it will be a great opportunity to learn more, gain experience and hopefully bring a modest contribution to Synthetic Biology.<br />
</p><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a4/Photo_Will.jpeg" alt="william" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>William Rostain</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor in Edinburgh university, and came into contact with<br />
synthetic biology when I participated iGem with the 2010 Edinburgh team. My background is mostly molecular microbiology and biotechnology, but during iGEM I came into contact with modelling and how it could serve biology, thanks to the great modellers in our team. I decided to participate in mSSB in order to learn some more about modelling and programming so I could work more closely with computer people later :)<br />
</p><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/63/Photo_Cyrille.jpeg" alt="Cyrille" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Cyrille Pauthenier</h3><br />
<i>Student of the Ecole Normale Supérieure and member of mSSB</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I participated in the 2011 iGEM Paris-Bettencourt team who was a finalist and won the prize for best presentation at the European semi-final, and then sweet sixteen at the MIT. I've studied this year in the mSSB master, I'm now about to start a PhD in metabolic engineering at Jean-Loup Faulon's laboratory at iSSB.<br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4e/Please_call_me_Maybe_0033632516004.jpg" alt="karine" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Karine Chauris</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m currently in my final year at Sup'Biotech Paris, a school of biotechnology, and my professional aim is to work on bioproduction processes. I’ve been attracted, since I was young, by all the possibilities of DNA manipulation and discovered synthetic biology with the first synthetic bacteria. Why did I join iGEM? It's a unique chance to participate in a challenging and concrete project.<br />
</p><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/eb/Jo2.png" alt="joachim" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Joachim Eeckhout</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm in my fourth year at Sup'Biotech, an engeenering school in biotechnologies. Like many others, I have been amazed by the controversy surrounding the publication of Craig Venter and his synthetic bacterium "Synthia". Since then, I am very interested to acquire expertise in this field and the iGEM competition is a chance for me to be part of this new science.<br />
</p><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/Photo_Raphael.jpeg" alt="raphael" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Raphael Ferreira</h3><br />
<i>1st year, AIV</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I've currently finished my license (Bachelor) in biotechnology and I'm about to join the AIV (Interdisciplinary approaches to life science) Masters. I discovered synthetic biology with the Craig Venter's paper (released in may 2010). After that, my school gave me a 5 month research & information processing project on synthetic biology. Through this project I've discovered the iGEM competition and the opportunities surrounding the emergence of this science filed. Enrolling in an iGEM team will give me a sight of how synthetic biology experimentations are, and also, to work with people who are interested in this science too.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/61/Photo_PierreYves.jpeg" alt="pierre-yves" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Yves Nogue</h3><br />
<i>2nd year Biology degree, Versaille Saint-Quentin University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Biologist student in Paris university, I've discovered the synthetic biology when I've joined "La Paillasse", a biohackspace in Paris. In the same time, I've learned about the existence of the Igem competition, and decided to join the Evry team after some meetings. Indeed, iGEM looks for me as a very good opportunity to work on really interesting subjects in an encouraging work atmosphere, and I've found all this advantages in the Evry team!<br />
</p><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/70/Photo_Hafez.jpeg" alt="hafez" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Hafez El-Sayyed</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor's degree and my first Master year In Beirut Arab University, Lebanon, In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. I came across the term synthetic Biology on the mSSB Website and then started doing some research about the Synthetic Biology topic. Now I want to be part of this wave of unorthodox and ingenious attempts to help create better things around us. I COULDN'T BE Prouder <br />
to be part of IGEM EVRY 2012.<br/><br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<h1>Modeling team</h1><br />
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<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b6/Photo_Artemi.jpeg" alt="artémis" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Artémis Llamosi</h3><br />
<i>3rd year, Ecole Centrale Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After completing a Master in engineering at École Centrale Paris and a research master in applied mathematics for biology at Paris 6 University, I am to start a PhD thesis on real-time control of biological systems on microfluidics chips. For many years interested in the relation between maths and biology, I discovered synthetic biology in 2011 through its connection to systems biology and immediately got "infected". My expertise being mostly on theoretical aspects, I enrolled in iGEM to get closer to the wetlab and apply my scholar knowledge to real life problems.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Photo_Pierre.jpeg" alt="pierre" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Parutto</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Epita</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am curently in 5th year at the engineering school Epita and<br />
specialized in scientific computations. I am interested in biology<br />
since high school and more especially in the links between biological<br />
systems and my speciality: computer science. After all a cell can be<br />
seen as a kind of computer, as seen in the name "genetic code". I learned about the IGEM comptetition when I discovered the synthetic biology field in an article in Nature a few years ago. Since then I<br />
wanted to participate to the comptetition but never had the<br />
opportunity. I bring to the team my programming and engineering skills and hope to<br />
learn a lot from biologist in the lab.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/22/Photo_Iryna.jpeg" alt="iryna" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Iryna Nikolayeva</h3><br />
<i>2nd year, Telecom Sud Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
As specialization of my last year in the engineering school Telecom SudParis, I will be doing the mSSB (master in systemic and synthetic biology). I've got useful computer science and maths skills for modeling and making the wiki. I imagine that mixing technologies and life science can lead to exciting inventions and discoveries. The iGEM seemed to me a nice opportunity to get to know the synthetic biology background and interact with students that are interested in it!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/66/M%26m.jpg" alt="mohamed" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Mohamed Machat</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am a civil engineer from Tunisia. My penchant for genetics has started since my first biology lectures in college. However, the first opportunity that I got to go into this field showed up in 2011, when I was admissible to join the ISSB master program. So I left my engineer job and have moved to France. The adventure of iGem looks to me a good step towards my career ambition: invest my mathematics and mechanics background into oncology!!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
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<h1>Human practice</h1><br />
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<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a5/Photo_Clement.jpeg" alt="clément" align="left" height="150px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Clément Marquet</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, Philosophy, Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm completing a master of philosophy of science at Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne University. I discovered synthetic biology about two years ago in a popular scientific review and was struck by the ambition of the field and the diversity of disciplines involved in it. I was seduced by the special place that laboratories such as Synberc give to social sciences and started thinking about some epistemological questions that could be raised by Feynman’s word on knowing and making or by the convergence of biology and technology. I saw in the iGEM contest an opportunity to discover scientific work from the inside and to experiment how philosophical reflections could get practical and debated inside a scientific group.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/1e/Chassis.jpg" alt="chassis" align="left" width="180px" style="padding:5px;"/><br />
<h3>Chassis</h3><br />
<i>Function: Mascott</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Hey I just met you! I am chassis, Team Evry's famous mascott! I kind of enjoy synthetic biology since I heard I could serve science and represent <i> Xenopus tropicalis </i> tough condition! In my lost moments I really enjoy French wine, maybe we'll share a bottle or two! See you in Boston! <a href="https://www.facebook.com/chassis.igemevry"> Feel free to contact me on facebook! </a><br />
<br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/63/Frogandwine.jpg" alt="chassisandwine" align="left" width="150px"/><br />
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<h1>Instructors</h1><br />
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<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Photo_Alfonso.jpeg" alt="alfonso" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Alfonso Jaramillo</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Synth-Bio team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:alfonso.jaramillo@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in theoretical physics, he was converted to synthetic biology for over 10 years. He gained international recognition in this field. He is now the team director of the Bio-Synth iSSB, working on the design, synthesis and characterization of biological regulatory artificial pathways. He is also one of the main teachers of the mSSB (synthetic and systematic biology master). Alfonso Jaramillo will be our main supervisor. He led Valencia iGEM team in 2006, and participated in the supervision of Valencia's and Paris' teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/55/Photo_Thomas.jpeg" alt="thomas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Thomas Landrain</h3><br />
<i>PhD candidate in Jaramillo's Group at iSSB. Co-founder and President of La Paillasse</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:thomas.landrain@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Ex-student of the Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, he is now a PhD student at iSSB in Alfonso Jaramillo's Group where he is developing new technologies, using the properties of RNA molecules, for analyzing and controlling cell fate in bacteria. He is also the co-founder and president of the first community lab for biotechnology in France "La Paillasse", affiliated with the DIYbio world movement. In 2007, he was one of the founder and participants of the first french iGEM team that became finalist of the competition and received the first prize for foundational research.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Andrew.jpeg" alt="andrew" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Andrew Tolonen</h3><br />
<i>Group leader at Genoscope</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:atolonen@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in genetics and genomics of cyanobacteria at MIT and a post-doc in the team of George Church at Harvard, one of the largest synthetic biology laboratories in the world, he is now a researcher at Genoscope in Evry. His work focuses on the manufacture of biofuels by cyanobacteria. Andrew Tolonen attends the our team in the selection and construction of the project. He participated in the supervision of Harvard iGEM teams during his post-PhD.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d8/Photo_Nicolas.jpg" alt="nicolas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Nicolas Pollet</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Metamorphosis team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:nicolas.pollet@issb.genopole.fr">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in developmental physiology at INSERM, he was a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellow at the German Cancer Research Institute in Heidelberg. He is now a CNRS senior scientist, head of the Metamorphosys group at iSSB working in genomics and systems biology using the Xenopus frog model. Nicolas Pollet will participate to IGEM as supervisor for the first time this year.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Advisors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6b/Photo_Anna.jpeg" alt="ania" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Anna Młynarczyk</h3><br />
<i>Doctoral student in proteomics at the university of Evry</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
She obtained a Master in Biotechnology at the Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin in Poland. During her university studies she has conducted several training courses abroad (UEVE, TEPAK Cyprus) and in Poland which made her want to do research. Anna also performs the tutoring, which allows her to develop teaching skills.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/fa/Aurore.png" alt="aurore" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Aurore THELIE</h3><br />
<i>PostDoc at Dr. Pollet's lab</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a molecular biology training and a PhD in Reproductive Biology at INRA, she was a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine (IBMM) in Belgium where she discovered the Xenopus model and all opportunity of study it offers. In 2012 she joined the Metamorphosys group at iSSB to study motoneurons and construct Xenopus transgenic lines using synthetic biology tools.<br />
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<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrogForDummiesTeam:Evry/FrogForDummies2012-10-27T02:58:20Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<h1>Xenopus for dummies: an iGEMer guidebook</h1><br />
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<p>Hi iGEMer! Are you brainstorming on a new project? Do you plan to work collaborate with Xenopus? You are at the good place, this book is dedicated for you.</p><br />
<br />
<p>We are the 2012 Evry iGEM team, and this year, we have made the first iGEM project on Xenopus and created the first biobricks to work with. In this small book, we wanted to share with you our experience with this animal, try to give you guidelines for designing your own project and give you references to the resources you can use.</p><br />
<br />
<br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
<p><b>You can download it in the PDF format!</b></p><br />
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We hope that you are going to have fun working, or rather collaborating, with Xenopus tadpoles for the fun of an iGEM project, for the sake of Synthetic Biology and in the respect of the animal.<br />
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<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/60/Xenopusfordummies_-_Final_-_Evry.pdf"><center>Download Xenopus For Dummies!</center></a><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:Xenopusfordummies_-_Final_-_Evry.pdfFile:Xenopusfordummies - Final - Evry.pdf2012-10-27T02:57:41Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrogForDummiesTeam:Evry/FrogForDummies2012-10-27T02:55:46Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
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<h1>Xenopus for dummies: an iGEMer guidebook</h1><br />
<br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<p>Hi iGEMer! Are you brainstorming on a new project? Do you plan to work collaborate with Xenopus? You are at the good place, this book is dedicated for you.</p><br />
<br />
<p>We are the 2012 Evry iGEM team, and this year, we have made the first iGEM project on Xenopus and created the first biobricks to work with. In this small book, we wanted to share with you our experience with this animal, try to give you guidelines for designing your own project and give you references to the resources you can use.</p><br />
<br />
<br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
<p><b>You can download it in the PDF format!</b></p><br />
<br />
<br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
<div id="contourmenu" class="moredetails" style="margin-left:100px;width:420px;"><br />
<br />
<table style="background:transparent;"><br />
<tr><td><img style="padding-top:10px;padding-left:10px;" src="<br />
We hope that you are going to have fun working, or rather collaborating, with Xenopus tadpoles for the fun of an iGEM project, for the sake of Synthetic Biology and in the respect of the animal.<br />
<br />
<br />
" width=80px></td><br />
<td><br />
<h3 style="text-align:center; padding-left:20px;"></u><br />
<br />
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/80/XenopusForDummies.pdf"><center>Download Xenopus For Dummies!</center></a><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:Xenopusfordummies_-_27octFinal.pdfFile:Xenopusfordummies - 27octFinal.pdf2012-10-27T02:55:14Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/HumanPractice/IntroductionTeam:Evry/HumanPractice/Introduction2012-10-27T01:57:59Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<h1> Hi Xenopus! </h1><br />
<br />
<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/thumb/c/cc/Bonjour_je_pense_que_pierre_est_en_fait_pierre_est_te.png/799px-Bonjour_je_pense_que_pierre_est_en_fait_pierre_est_te.png" alt="désolé pierre" width="550"></center><br />
<br />
<h2> A philosophical investigation into the introduction of <i> Xenopus </i> as a new chassis in the iGEM contest </h2><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>“<br />
If we were to take into account service done to science, the frog would deserve the first place. No animal was ever used to make greater or more numerous discoveries in any aspect of science, and still today, without the frog, physiology would be impossible. If the frog is, as it was said, the job of physiology, that is the animal that is the most mistreated by the experimentator, it is the animal which undoubtedly is the most directly associated with his work and his scientific glory”</p> <br> <br />
<p> Claude Bernard, 1865 <i>Introduction à l’étude de la médecine expérimentale</i>, Deuxième partie, chap. II, VI</p><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<p>The starting point of our investigation can be summed up in one sentence: “<i>Xenopus</i> is introduced as new chassis in the iGEM contest”. This introduction appeared to the Evry team members as raising important “ethical and maybe legal issues” that should involve the help of a philosopher (or maybe someone else from the humanities). The “need of ethics” is a feeling quite difficult to characterize: we have the idea that something is at stake in what we do but we can’t really formulate what or why. But a tension exists, might exist or should exist, somewhere in the lab or with society. Our sentence, “<i>Xenopus</i> is being introduced as new chassis in the iGEM contest” lead us spontaneously toward very difficult issues concerning animal experimentations and GMOs, tricky topics which often bring sterile debates between pros and contras and other caveats that we don’t want to fall into. </p><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>It is important to note that the philosopher brought into the team hadn’t studied moral philosophy or animal ethics before joining the team. In that respect he was, like the the other team members, a learner trying to understand this sort of experimental or applied philosophy (which sounds quite oxymoronic). Problematizing the human practice needed a lot of discussions and debates, as biologists and modelers didn’t really know what they were expecting from the philosopher, and the philosopher didn’t really understand what “human practice” or the “need of ethics” was. After all, if the problem was the legality of the experimentation or drawing the red line of “when does science stop and cruelty towards animals begins” with tadpoles and frogs, it was not a philosopher that was needed but an expert from an ethical committee who could degree: “everything is ethically acceptable, you can proceed to the experimentation”.</p><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>Thus, after we made sure that everything planned was ethically acceptable from the point of view of laws, we tried to understand what should be a “human practice project” dealing with <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i>. The main point of these discussions was the following: our human practice should not be about convincing people that what we are doing is great, nor about about laying the foundations of a new company that would use tadpoles for various purposes (it already exists), nor about building scenarios on the propagation of our tadpoles outside the laboratory. It should not either be about trying to rethink categories used by laws on animal experimentation such as “should we extend or restraint the species concerned by the animal category?” or “when does the larvae should be considered as an animal?” etc. We didn’t have time and experience to tackle such issues, we wanted a human practice dealing, as much as possible, with our actual work in the laboratory </p><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>What should our human practice be then? Some kind of a road book, the witness of a self-reflection triggered in the team during May/June 2012 on our practice, concepts and disagreements, and on the paths we could open or close for synthetic biology and the iGEM contest. The human practice should also be at the interface of the laboratory and society, articulating each other’s expectations and fears. What we deliver here is the organized outcome of the various discussions and debates we had during the summer, the compromises we tried to build and the issues which stay vivid. A posteriori we noticed that those discussions mainly dealt with the sentence previously quoted, “<i>Xenopus</i> is introduced as new chassis in the iGEM contest”, and especially around the terms of “<i>chassis</i>” and “genetically <i>engineered machine</i>”, which specially caught the attention of traditional biologists and laymen when referring to an animal. These terms appeared to symbolize the divergence of perceptions and ethical sensibilities we had among the team. In our account of this summer investigation we developed four aspects of the introduction of <i>Xenopus</i> in the iGEM contest, aiming at clarifying the range of the engineering metaphors and attitudes applied to living things. The four aspects are the following:</p><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>The four aspects are the following:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/HumanPractice/modelorganism"> Why <i>Xenopus</i> is an interesting chassis for synthetic biology? </a> We will have to think through some epistemological principle distinguishing a chassis from a model organism.</li><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <i> Xenopus </i> as a model organism<br />
<li> <i> Xenopus </i> as a chassis?<br />
</ul><br />
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/HumanPractice/freedthefrogs"> Why should we care of animals and human/non-human relationships? </a> We will present some principles of animal ethics and investigate pragmatic approaches giving non-human beings a special attention.</li><br />
<ul><br />
<li> Why should ethics concern animals?<br />
<li> Animal biotechnology and human/non-human relationships<br />
</ul><br />
<li><a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/HumanPractice/chassis"> Why is “chassis” the term of disagreement? </a> When words are not innocents and frogs have a history to be praised. </li><br />
<ul><br />
<li> Metaphors aren't innocent<br />
<li> Historical praise to the frog as a martyr of science<br />
</ul></ol><br />
<p>As a conclusion we expressed the necessity for future igemers to think twice about working with <i> Xenopus </i>: <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/HumanPractice/future"> Should we meet <i>Xenopus</i> again in iGEM? </a><p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>Though these aspects are all related, we tried make the sections readable independently from one another, to give the possibility for readers to start with the part he feels the most (or the less) concerned with.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<p>Last but not least, we have to point out that the story is sometimes biased as opinions of the team can differ from those of the philosopher who wrote this. Though we try reflecting all the opinions of the team members and insisting on the divergences, some conclusions, and the organization of this work, might not be the fruit of a successful compromise.</p><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:Bonjour_je_pense_que_pierre_est_en_fait_pierre_est_te.pngFile:Bonjour je pense que pierre est en fait pierre est te.png2012-10-27T01:57:42Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:Bonjour_je_pense_que_pierre_est_te.tifFile:Bonjour je pense que pierre est te.tif2012-10-27T01:56:48Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrogForDummiesTeam:Evry/FrogForDummies2012-10-27T00:38:26Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<h1>Xenopus for dummies: an iGEMer guidebook</h1><br />
<br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<p>Hi iGEMer! Are you brainstorming on a new project? Do you plan to work collaborate with Xenopus? You are at the good place, this book is dedicated for you.</p><br />
<br />
<p>We are the 2012 Evry iGEM team, and this year, we have made the first iGEM project on Xenopus and created the first biobricks to work with. In this small book, we wanted to share with you our experience with this animal, try to give you guidelines for designing your own project and give you references to the resources you can use.</p><br />
<br />
<br /><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
<p><b>You can download it in the PDF format!</b></p><br />
<br />
<br /><br />
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<td><br />
<h3 style="text-align:center; padding-left:20px;"></u><br />
<br />
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/80/XenopusForDummies.pdf"><center>Download Xenopus For Dummies!</center></a><br />
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<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOXTeam:Evry/AuxinTOX2012-09-27T01:03:46Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<h1> Auxin toxicity test in tadpoles </h1> <br />
<br />
<h2> The purpose of this experiment </h2><br />
<br />
<p>Before testing our AID system (see <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystem">AID system</a>), we conducted auxin toxicity test. Auxin concentrations used were 500, 250, 125 and 0 µM dissolved in MMR, with renewal of the medium each morning. (see medium preparation <a href=" https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/Protocols#Auxin_toxicity_test"> here </a>) </b></p><br />
<br />
<h2>Result interpretation:</h2><br><br />
<br />
<p>The survival rate of embryos in both 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were observed in triplicate during three days of experiment. <br><br />
As a control sample, embryos were placed in MMR 0.1x medium without an auxin.<br/><br />
The initial number of embryos for each medium condition was superior than 40.<br><br />
The embryo's mortality rate was about:<br><br />
<b>for NAA</b> 23% for day 1 (D1) and 45% for day 2 (D2) <br><br />
<b>for IAA</b> 20% for D1 and 51% for D2 <br> <br />
<br><br />
However embryos mortality depends not only on the auxin presence in media, but also on the rearing conditions, frequency of sorting dead and live embryos and media's changing. Usually the normal mortality ratio is no bigger than 30%. <br><br />
We are aware that our experiment should be repeated to calculate the error deviation. But even without this data we confirmed our hypothesis that presence of <b>auxin in MMR medium is not toxic for embryos</b> and it doesn't cause any morphological abnormalities. </p><br />
<br />
<h2>Data:</h2><br><br />
<br />
<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6b/Naa_tox.jpg" alt="" width="500px" /></center> <br/><br />
<br />
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<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8d/Iaa_toxicity1.jpg" alt="" width="500px" /></center><br />
<br/><br />
<br />
<i>Control sample- embryos in MMR medium</i><br><br />
<br><br />
<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8c/Naa_control.jpg" alt="" width="350px" /></center><br><br />
<br />
<i>Embryos in MMR medium with 250µM NAA</i><br><br />
<br><br />
<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/3/3a/Tadpole_naa.jpg" alt="" width="350px" /></center><br><br />
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<center><h1>Intertissue communication: <b>An orthogonal hormonal system</b></h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized GFP tagged with AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is degraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/5b/Degron.jpg" width="800px" alt="degron syst" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we chose to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In order to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. Using I-Sce sites, we could insert this system onto the chromosome. This would creating a durable tissue communication system for longer term use.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
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<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/StagesTeam:Evry/Stages2012-09-27T00:29:33Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<h1><i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> : development stages</h1><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/ea/Stagefinalcompress.jpg" width="800px" alt="Stages" /><br />
</center><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bb/Legend.jpg" width="500px" alt="Leg" /><br />
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<p>To obtain more informations, you can consult <a href="http://xenbase.org/anatomy/alldev.do">Xenbase</a>.</p><br />
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<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/95/CellpopVstime.png" width="800px" alt="Graph Cell population vs time"/><br />
<div class="caption">Number of cells vs time for Xenopus Tropicalis @25°C</div><br />
</center><br />
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<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>http://www.xenbase.org/xenwiki/index.php/Xenopus_development_stages</li><br />
</ol><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T22:23:26Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<center><h1>Intertissue communication: <b>An orthogonal hormonal system</b></h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
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<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
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<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
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<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is degraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/5b/Degron.jpg" width="800px" alt="degron syst" /><br />
</center><br />
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<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we chose to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In order to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
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<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
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<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
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<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/TeamTeam:Evry/Team2012-09-26T18:57:59Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<h2>The members of the team come from different schools and universities:</h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Evry university, Master mSSB (Synthetic and systemic biology)</li><br />
<li>Versailles Saint Quentin university</li><br />
<li>Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University (Philosophy)</li><br />
<li>Ecole Normale Supérieure</li><br />
<li>Ecole Centrale Paris (Engineering)</li><br />
<li>Sup'Biotech Paris (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>ESIEE Management (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>Télécom Sud Paris (Telecommunication Engineering & Managment)</li><br />
<li>Epita (Computer Science)</li><br />
<li>La Paillasse (Paris Community Lab for Biotech)</li><br />
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<center><h1><a name="envi" style="text-decoration:none; color: white;">Our environment: a key location for synthetic biology in France</a></h1></center><br />
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<h2>Environment</h2><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bf/Photo_iSSB.jpeg" alt="logo issb" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
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<h3>The Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology (iSSB):</h3><br />
<p><br />
iSSB is located on the Genopole® in Evry, host team in the summer. The iSSB is a laboratory at the University of Evry and CNRS, supported by Genopole®. It is a multidisciplinary environment where collaborate physicists, chemists, computer scientists and biologists. It is also the laboratory who founded and directs the Master 2 Systems Biology Synthetic and MSSB. This master of avant-garde, unique in France, offers courses provided by researchers at the forefront of their field, which guaranteed training in the state of the art techniques used in synthetic biology.<br/><br/><br />
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<h2>Collaborations</h2><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c4/Logo_lapaillasse.png" alt="logo la paillasse" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
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<h3>La Paillasse: The Paris community Lab for Biotech</h3><br />
<p><br />
La Paillasse is a physical and web platform for citizen scientists, amateur biologists, researchers and entrepreneurs that fosters open-science, debates and hands-on practice of Biotechnology. La Paillasse is also the first and largest community laboratory for Biotech in France. This year, La Paillasse and its members are joining the team of Evry to participate in the design and the realization of one of the coolest iGEM project: The french froggies. La Paillasse is also responsible for the development of the Biotic Game project, in association with the Game Design school ISART Digital. During the summer, La Paillasse will organize meet-ups between citizens and the iGEM team for explaining the stakes of our iGEM projects and of Synthetic Biology in general.<br />
<a href="http://www.lapaillasse.org/">Visit our website!</a><br />
</p><br />
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<h1>Lab team</h1><br />
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<table id="team" cellspacing="10" ><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/19/Photo_Tristan.jpeg" alt="tristan" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tristan Cerisy</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor at Evry’s University, in Bioinformatics. During that year when Jean-loup Faulon presented iGem and synthetic biology, I found it very interesting. I wanted to participate with iGem from my bachelor. Because no team existed yet close to our university, William and I decided to create this team in November and we looked for interested people, funding and projects. I am very excited to be involved in this project with this wonderful team.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Jorge2.png" alt="jorge" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Jorgelindo Da Veiga Moreira</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m a bachelor graduated student from a Parisian engineering school. I look forward to a Master degree in biotechnology. I discovered synthetic biology mainly through conferences and I’ve been immediately fascinated by this new biological approach to work on living systems. iGEM is a good opportunity for me to start in this field and to acquire experience for my future engineering carrier.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Carolina.jpeg" alt="carolina" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Carolina Gallo Lopez</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Having acquired a background in biology and a first year of master in “Genomics, Cells, Development and Evolution” at the University of Paris Sud 11, I started to be interested in systems biology since my last year of bachelor and decided on getting involved in this approach during both my second year of master and my master’s thesis. I am participating in the iGEM competition as it allows me to combine experimental work with theoretical modelling. I am keen to learn not only different biological techniques and modeling approaches but also to learn from my teammates and other iGEM teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8e/Photo_Tiffany.jpeg" alt="tiffany" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tiffany Souterre</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a BTS in Biotechnology, I went to Sup'Biotech, an engineering school in Biotechnology. For 6 years, I have been studying DNA manipulation, bacteria transformation... but it is only recently that I have heard about Synthetic Biology. It is such a promising and interesting field but requires multidisciplinary skills. I am eager to increase my knowledge to be able to work at the interface of biology and computer science. I discovered iGEM thanks to the 2009 Sup'Biotech team and I have no doubt it will be a great opportunity to learn more, gain experience and hopefully bring a modest contribution to Synthetic Biology.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a4/Photo_Will.jpeg" alt="william" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>William Rostain</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor in Edinburgh university, and came into contact with<br />
synthetic biology when I participated iGem with the 2010 Edinburgh team. My background is mostly molecular microbiology and biotechnology, but during iGEM I came into contact with modelling and how it could serve biology, thanks to the great modellers in our team. I decided to participate in mSSB in order to learn some more about modelling and programming so I could work more closely with computer people later :)<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/63/Photo_Cyrille.jpeg" alt="Cyrille" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Cyrille Pauthenier</h3><br />
<i>Student of the Ecole Normale Supérieure and member of mSSB</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I participated in the 2011 iGEM Paris-Bettencourt team who was a finalist and won the prize for best presentation at the European semi-final, and then sweet sixteen at the MIT. I've studied this year in the mSSB master, I'm now about to start a PhD in metabolic engineering at Jean-Loup Faulon's laboratory at iSSB.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/57/Photo_Karine.jpeg" alt="karine" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Karine Chauris</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m currently in my final year at Sup'Biotech Paris, a school of biotechnology, and my professional aim is to work on bioproduction processes. I’m attracted, since I was young, by all the possibilities of DNA manipulation and discovered synthetic biology with the first synthetic bacteria. Why did I join iGEM? It's a unique chance to participate in a challenging and concrete project.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/eb/Jo2.png" alt="joachim" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Joachim Eeckhout</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm in my fourth year at Sup'Biotech, an engeenering school in biotechnologies. Like many others, I have been amazed by the controversy surrounding the publication of Craig Venter and his synthetic bacterium "Synthia". Since then, I am very interested to acquire expertise in this field and the iGEM competition is a chance for me to be part of this new science.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/Photo_Raphael.jpeg" alt="raphael" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Raphael Ferreira</h3><br />
<i>1st year, AIV</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I've currently finished my license (Bachelor) in biotechnology and I'm about to join the AIV (Interdisciplinary approaches to life science) Masters. I discovered synthetic biology with the Craig Venter's paper (released in may 2010). After that, my school gave me a 5 month research & information processing project on synthetic biology. Through this project I've discovered the iGEM competition and the opportunities surrounding the emergence of this science filed. Enrolling in an iGEM team will give me a sight of how synthetic biology experimentations are, and also, to work with people who are interested in this science too.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/61/Photo_PierreYves.jpeg" alt="pierre-yves" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Yves Nogue</h3><br />
<i>2nd year Biology degree, Versaille Saint-Quentin University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Biologist student in Paris university, I've discovered the synthetic biology when I've joined "La Paillasse", a biohackspace in Paris. In the same time, I've learned about the existence of the Igem competition, and decided to join the Evry team after some meetings. Indeed, iGEM looks for me as a very good opportunity to work on really interesting subjects in an encouraging work atmosphere, and I've found all this advantages in the Evry team!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/70/Photo_Hafez.jpeg" alt="hafez" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Hafez El-Sayyed</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor's degree and my first Master year In Beirut Arab University, Lebanon, In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. I came across the term synthetic Biology on the mSSB Website and then started doing some research about the Synthetic Biology topic. Now I want to be part of this wave of unorthodox and ingenious attempts to help create better things around us. I COULDN'T BE Prouder <br />
to be part of IGEM EVRY 2012.<br/><br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
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</table><br />
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<h1>Modeling team</h1><br />
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<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b6/Photo_Artemi.jpeg" alt="artémis" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Artémis Llamosi</h3><br />
<i>3rd year, Ecole Centrale Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After completing a Master in engineering at École Centrale Paris and a research master in applied mathematics for biology at Paris 6 University, I am to start a PhD thesis on real-time control of biological systems on microfluidics chips. For many years interested in the relation between maths and biology, I discovered synthetic biology in 2011 through its connection to systems biology and immediately got "infected". My expertise being mostly on theoretical aspects, I enrolled in iGEM to get closer to the wetlab and apply my scholar knowledge to real life problems.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Photo_Pierre.jpeg" alt="pierre" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Parutto</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Epita</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am curently in 5th year at the engineering school Epita and<br />
specialized in scientific computations. I am interested in biology<br />
since high school and more especially in the links between biological<br />
systems and my speciality: computer science. After all a cell can be<br />
seen as a kind of computer, as seen in the name "genetic code". I learned about the IGEM comptetition when I discovered the synthetic biology field in an article in Nature a few years ago. Since then I<br />
wanted to participate to the comptetition but never had the<br />
opportunity. I bring to the team my programming and engineering skills and hope to<br />
learn a lot from biologist in the lab.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/22/Photo_Iryna.jpeg" alt="iryna" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Iryna Nikolayeva</h3><br />
<i>2nd year, Telecom Sud Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
In place of my last year of engineering school, Telecom SudParis, I will be doing the mSSB (master in systematic and synthetic biology). I've got useful computer science and maths skills for modeling and making the wiki. I imagine that mixing technologies and life science can lead to exciting inventions and discoveries. The iGEM seemed to me a nice opportunity to get to know the synthetic biology background and interact with students that are interested in it!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
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<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/66/M%26m.jpg" alt="mohamed" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Mohamed Machat</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am a civil engineer from Tunisia. My penchant for genetics has started since my first biology lectures in college. However, the first opportunity that I got to go into this field showed up in 2011, when I was admissible to join the ISSB master program. So I left my engineer job and have moved to France. The adventure of iGem looks to me a good step towards my career ambition: invest my mathematics and mechanics background into oncology!!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Human practice</h1><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a5/Photo_Clement.jpeg" alt="clément" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Clément Marquet</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, Philosophy, Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm completing a master of philosophy of science at Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne University. I discovered synthetic biology about two years ago in a popular scientific review and was struck by the ambition of the field and the diversity of disciplines involved in it. I was seduced by the special place that laboratories such as Synberc give to social sciences and started thinking about some epistemological questions that could be raised by Feynman’s word on knowing and making or by the convergence of biology and technology. I saw in the iGEM contest an opportunity to discover scientific work from the inside and to experiment how philosophical reflections could get practical and debated inside a scientific group.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h1>Instructors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Photo_Alfonso.jpeg" alt="alfonso" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Alfonso Jaramillo</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Synth-Bio team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:alfonso.jaramillo@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in theoretical physics, he was converted to synthetic biology for over 10 years. He gained international recognition in this field. He is now the team director of the Bio-Synth iSSB, working on the design, synthesis and characterization of biological regulatory artificial pathways. He is also one of the main teachers of the mSSB (synthetic and systematic biology master). Alfonso Jaramillo will be our main supervisor. He led Valencia iGEM team in 2006, and participated in the supervision of Valencia's and Paris' teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/55/Photo_Thomas.jpeg" alt="thomas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Thomas Landrain</h3><br />
<i>PhD candidate in Jaramillo's Group at iSSB. Co-founder and President of La Paillasse</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:thomas.landrain@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Ex-student of the Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, he is now a PhD student at iSSB in Alfonso Jaramillo's Group where he is developing new technologies, using the properties of RNA molecules, for analyzing and controlling cell fate in bacteria. He is also the co-founder and president of the first community lab for biotechnology in France "La Paillasse", affiliated with the DIYbio world movement. In 2007, he was one of the founder and participants of the first french iGEM team that became finalist of the competition and received the first prize for foundational research.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Andrew.jpeg" alt="andrew" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Andrew Tolonen</h3><br />
<i>Group leader at Genoscope</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:atolonen@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in genetics and genomics of cyanobacteria at MIT and a post-doc in the team of George Church at Harvard, one of the largest synthetic biology laboratories in the world, he is now a researcher at Genoscope in Evry. His work focuses on the manufacture of biofuels by cyanobacteria. Andrew Tolonen attends the our team in the selection and construction of the project. He participated in the supervision of Harvard iGEM teams during his post-PhD.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d8/Photo_Nicolas.jpg" alt="nicolas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Nicolas Pollet</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Metamorphosis team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:nicolas.pollet@issb.genopole.fr">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in developmental physiology at INSERM, he was a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellow at the German Cancer Research Institute in Heidelberg. He is now a CNRS senior scientist, head of the Metamorphosys group at iSSB working in genomics and systems biology using the Xenopus frog model. Nicolas Pollet will participate to IGEM as supervisor for the first time this year.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Advisors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6b/Photo_Anna.jpeg" alt="ania" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Anna Młynarczyk</h3><br />
<i>Doctoral student in proteomics at the university of Evry</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
She obtained a Master in Biotechnology at the Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin in Poland. During her university studies she has conducted several training courses abroad (UEVE, TEPAK Cyprus) and in Poland which made her want to do research. Anna also performs the tutoring, which allows her to develop teaching skills.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/fa/Aurore.png" alt="aurore" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Aurore THELIE</h3><br />
<i>PostDoc at Dr. Pollet's lab</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a molecular biology training and a PhD in Reproductive Biology at INRA, she was a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine (IBMM) in Belgium where she discovered the Xenopus model and all opportunity of study it offers. In 2012 she joined the Metamorphosys group at iSSB to study motoneurons and construct Xenopus transgenic lines using synthetic biology tools.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/TeamTeam:Evry/Team2012-09-26T18:55:32Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/7f/Team-down.jpg" alt="team picture" width="950px"/><br />
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f8/Schools.gif" alt="Gif_Evry" width="380" height ="380" style="float: right;"/><br />
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<br/><br />
<h2>The members of the team come from different schools and universities:</h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Evry university, Master mSSB (Synthetic and systemic biology)</li><br />
<li>Versailles Saint Quentin university</li><br />
<li>Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University (Philosophy)</li><br />
<li>Ecole Normale Supérieure</li><br />
<li>Ecole Centrale Paris (Engineering)</li><br />
<li>Sup'Biotech Paris (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>ESIEE Management (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>Télécom Sud Paris (Telecommunication Engineering & Managment)</li><br />
<li>Epita (Computer Science)</li><br />
<li>La Paillasse (Paris Community Lab for Biotech)</li><br />
</ul><br />
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<center><h1><a name="envi" style="text-decoration:none; color: white;">Our environment: a key location for synthetic biology in France</a></h1></center><br />
<br />
<h2>Environment</h2><br />
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bf/Photo_iSSB.jpeg" alt="logo issb" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
<br />
<h3>The Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology (iSSB):</h3><br />
<p><br />
iSSB is located on the Genopole® in Evry, host team in the summer. The iSSB is a laboratory at the University of Evry and CNRS, supported by Genopole®. It is a multidisciplinary environment where collaborate physicists, chemists, computer scientists and biologists. It is also the laboratory who founded and directs the Master 2 Systems Biology Synthetic and MSSB. This master of avant-garde, unique in France, offers courses provided by researchers at the forefront of their field, which guaranteed training in the state of the art techniques used in synthetic biology.<br/><br/><br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h2>Collaborations</h2><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c4/Logo_lapaillasse.png" alt="logo la paillasse" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
<br />
<h3>La Paillasse: The Paris community Lab for Biotech</h3><br />
<p><br />
La Paillasse is a physical and web platform for citizen scientists, amateur biologists, researchers and entrepreneurs that fosters open-science, debates and hands-on practice of Biotechnology. La Paillasse is also the first and largest community laboratory for Biotech in France. This year, La Paillasse and its members are joining the team of Evry to participate in the design and the realization of one of the coolest iGEM project: The french froggies. La Paillasse is also responsible for the development of the Biotic Game project, in association with the Game Design school ISART Digital. During the summer, La Paillasse will organize meet-ups between citizens and the iGEM team for explaining the stakes of our iGEM projects and of Synthetic Biology in general.<br />
<a href="http://www.lapaillasse.org/">Visit our website!</a><br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
<h1>Lab team</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10" ><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/19/Photo_Tristan.jpeg" alt="tristan" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tristan Cerisy</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor at Evry’s University, in Bioinformatics. During that year when Jean-loup Faulon presented iGem and synthetic biology, I found it very interesting. I wanted to participate with iGem from my bachelor. Because no team existed yet close to our university, William and I decided to create this team in November and we looked for interested people, funding and projects. I am very excited to be involved in this project with this wonderful team.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Jorge2.png" alt="jorge" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Jorgelindo Da Veiga Moreira</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m a bachelor graduated student from a Parisian engineering school. I look forward to a Master degree in biotechnology. I discovered synthetic biology mainly through conferences and I’ve been immediately fascinated by this new biological approach to work on living systems. iGEM is a good opportunity for me to start in this field and to acquire experience for my future engineering carrier.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Carolina.jpeg" alt="carolina" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Carolina Gallo Lopez</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Having acquired a background in biology and a first year of master in “Genomics, Cells, Development and Evolution” at the University of Paris Sud 11, I started to be interested in systems biology since my last year of bachelor and decided on getting involved in this approach during both my second year of master and my master’s thesis. I am participating in the iGEM competition as it allows me to combine experimental work with theoretical modelling. I am keen to learn not only different biological techniques and modeling approaches but also to learn from my teammates and other iGEM teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8e/Photo_Tiffany.jpeg" alt="tiffany" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tiffany Souterre</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a BTS in Biotechnology, I went to Sup'Biotech, an engineering school in Biotechnology. For 6 years, I have been studying DNA manipulation, bacteria transformation... but it is only recently that I have heard about Synthetic Biology. It is such a promising and interesting field but requires multidisciplinary skills. I am eager to increase my knowledge to be able to work at the interface of biology and computer science. I discovered iGEM thanks to the 2009 Sup'Biotech team and I have no doubt it will be a great opportunity to learn more, gain experience and hopefully bring a modest contribution to Synthetic Biology.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a4/Photo_Will.jpeg" alt="william" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>William Rostain</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor in Edinburgh university, and came into contact with<br />
synthetic biology when I participated iGem with the 2010 Edinburgh team. My background is mostly molecular microbiology and biotechnology, but during iGEM I came into contact with modelling and how it could serve biology, thanks to the great modellers in our team. I decided to participate in mSSB in order to learn some more about modelling and programming so I could work more closely with computer people later :)<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/63/Photo_Cyrille.jpeg" alt="Cyrille" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Cyrille Pauthenier</h3><br />
<i>Student of the Ecole Normale Supérieure and member of mSSB</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I participated in the 2011 iGEM Paris-Bettencourt team who was a finalist and won the prize for best presentation at the European semi-final, and then sweet sixteen at the MIT. I've studied this year in the mSSB master, I'm now about to start a PhD in metabolic engineering at Jean-Loup Faulon's laboratory at iSSB.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/57/Photo_Karine.jpeg" alt="karine" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Karine Chauris</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m currently in my final year at Sup'Biotech Paris, a school of biotechnology, and my professional aim is to work on bioproduction processes. I’m attracted, since I was young, by all the possibilities of DNA manipulation and discovered synthetic biology with the first synthetic bacteria. Why did I join iGEM? It's a unique chance to participate in a challenging and concrete project.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/eb/Jo2.png" alt="joachim" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Joachim Eeckhout</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm in my fourth year at Sup'Biotech, an engeenering school in biotechnologies. Like many others, I have been amazed by the controversy surrounding the publication of Craig Venter and his synthetic bacterium "Synthia". Since then, I am very interested to acquire expertise in this field and the iGEM competition is a chance for me to be part of this new science.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/Photo_Raphael.jpeg" alt="raphael" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Raphael Ferreira</h3><br />
<i>1st year, AIV</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I've currently finished my license (Bachelor) in biotechnology and I'm about to join the AIV (Interdisciplinary approaches to life science) Masters. I discovered synthetic biology with the Craig Venter's paper (released in may 2010). After that, my school gave me a 5 month research & information processing project on synthetic biology. Through this project I've discovered the iGEM competition and the opportunities surrounding the emergence of this science filed. Enrolling in an iGEM team will give me a sight of how synthetic biology experimentations are, and also, to work with people who are interested in this science too.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/61/Photo_PierreYves.jpeg" alt="pierre-yves" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Yves Nogue</h3><br />
<i>2nd year Biology degree, Versaille Saint-Quentin University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Biologist student in Paris university, I've discovered the synthetic biology when I've joined "La Paillasse", a biohackspace in Paris. In the same time, I've learned about the existence of the Igem competition, and decided to join the Evry team after some meetings. Indeed, iGEM looks for me as a very good opportunity to work on really interesting subjects in an encouraging work atmosphere, and I've found all this advantages in the Evry team!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/70/Photo_Hafez.jpeg" alt="hafez" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Hafez El-Sayyed</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor's degree and my first Master year In Beirut Arab University, Lebanon, In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. I came across the term synthetic Biology on the mSSB Website and then started doing some research about the Synthetic Biology topic. Now I want to be part of this wave of unorthodox and ingenious attempts to help create better things around us. I COULDN'T BE Prouder <br />
to be part of IGEM EVRY 2012.<br/><br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Modeling team</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b6/Photo_Artemi.jpeg" alt="artémis" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Artémis Llamosi</h3><br />
<i>3rd year, Ecole Centrale Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After completing a Master in engineering at École Centrale Paris and a research master in applied mathematics for biology at Paris 6 University, I am to start a PhD thesis on real-time control of biological systems on microfluidics chips. For many years interested in the relation between maths and biology, I discovered synthetic biology in 2011 through its connection to systems biology and immediately got "infected". My expertise being mostly on theoretical aspects, I enrolled in iGEM to get closer to the wetlab and apply my scholar knowledge to real life problems.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Photo_Pierre.jpeg" alt="pierre" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Parutto</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Epita</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am curently in 5th year at the engineering school Epita and<br />
specialized in scientific computations. I am interested in biology<br />
since high school and more especially in the links between biological<br />
systems and my speciality: computer science. After all a cell can be<br />
seen as a kind of computer, as seen in the name "genetic code". I learned about the IGEM comptetition when I discovered the synthetic biology field in an article in Nature a few years ago. Since then I<br />
wanted to participate to the comptetition but never had the<br />
opportunity. I bring to the team my programming and engineering skills and hope to<br />
learn a lot from biologist in the lab.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/22/Photo_Iryna.jpeg" alt="iryna" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Iryna Nikolayeva</h3><br />
<i>2nd year, Telecom Sud Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
In place of my last year of engineering school, Telecom SudParis, I will be doing the mSSB (master in systematic and synthetic biology). I've got useful computer science and maths skills for modeling and making the wiki. I imagine that mixing technologies and life science can lead to exciting inventions and discoveries. The iGEM seemed to me a nice opportunity to get to know the synthetic biology background and interact with students that are interested in it!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/66/M%26m.jpg" alt="mohamed" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Mohamed Machat</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am a civil engineer from Tunisia. My penchant for genetics has started since my first biology lectures in college. However, the first opportunity that I got to go into this field showed up in 2011, when I was admissible to join the ISSB master program. So I left my engineer job and have moved to France. The adventure of iGem looks to me a good step towards my career ambition: invest my mathematics and mechanics background into oncology!!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Human practice</h1><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a5/Photo_Clement.jpeg" alt="clément" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Clément Marquet</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, Philosophy, Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm completing a master of philosophy of science at Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne University. I discovered synthetic biology about two years ago in a popular scientific review and was struck by the ambition of the field and the diversity of disciplines involved in it. I was seduced by the special place that laboratories such as Synberc give to social sciences and started thinking about some epistemological questions that could be raised by Feynman’s word on knowing and making or by the convergence of biology and technology. I saw in the iGEM contest an opportunity to discover scientific work from the inside and to experiment how philosophical reflections could get practical and debated inside a scientific group.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h1>Instructors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Photo_Alfonso.jpeg" alt="alfonso" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Alfonso Jaramillo</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Synth-Bio team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:alfonso.jaramillo@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in theoretical physics, he was converted to synthetic biology for over 10 years. He gained international recognition in this field. He is now the team director of the Bio-Synth iSSB, working on the design, synthesis and characterization of biological regulatory artificial pathways. He is also one of the main teachers of the mSSB (synthetic and systematic biology master). Alfonso Jaramillo will be our main supervisor. He led Valencia iGEM team in 2006, and participated in the supervision of Valencia's and Paris' teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/55/Photo_Thomas.jpeg" alt="thomas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Thomas Landrain</h3><br />
<i>PhD candidate in Jaramillo's Group at iSSB. Co-founder and President of La Paillasse</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:thomas.landrain@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Ex-student of the Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, he is now a PhD student at iSSB in Alfonso Jaramillo's Group where he is developing new technologies, using the properties of RNA molecules, for analyzing and controlling cell fate in bacteria. He is also the co-founder and president of the first community lab for biotechnology in France "La Paillasse", affiliated with the DIYbio world movement. In 2007, he was one of the founder and participants of the first french iGEM team that became finalist of the competition and received the first prize for foundational research.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Andrew.jpeg" alt="andrew" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Andrew Tolonen</h3><br />
<i>Group leader at Genoscope</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:atolonen@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in genetics and genomics of cyanobacteria at MIT and a post-doc in the team of George Church at Harvard, one of the largest synthetic biology laboratories in the world, he is now a researcher at Genoscope in Evry. His work focuses on the manufacture of biofuels by cyanobacteria. Andrew Tolonen attends the our team in the selection and construction of the project. He participated in the supervision of Harvard iGEM teams during his post-PhD.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d8/Photo_Nicolas.jpg" alt="nicolas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Nicolas Pollet</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Metamorphosis team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:nicolas.pollet@issb.genopole.fr">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in developmental physiology at INSERM, he was a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellow at the German Cancer Research Institute in Heidelberg. He is now a CNRS senior scientist, head of the Metamorphosys group at iSSB working in genomics and systems biology using the Xenopus frog model. Nicolas Pollet will participate to IGEM as supervisor for the first time this year.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Advisors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6b/Photo_Anna.jpeg" alt="ania" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Anna Młynarczyk</h3><br />
<i>Doctoral student in proteomics (first year) at the university of Evry</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
She obtained a Master in Biotechnology at the Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin in Poland. During her university studies she has conducted several training courses abroad (UEVE, TEPAK Cyprus) and in Poland which made her want to do research. Anna also performs the tutoring, which allows her to develop teaching skills.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/fa/Aurore.png" alt="aurore" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Aurore THELIE</h3><br />
<i>PostDoc at Dr. Pollet's lab</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a molecular biology training and a PhD in Reproductive Biology at INRA, she was a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine (IBMM) in Belgium where she discovered the Xenopus model and all opportunity of study it offers. In 2012 she joined the Metamorphosys group at iSSB to study motoneurons and construct Xenopus transgenic lines using synthetic biology tools.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/TeamTeam:Evry/Team2012-09-26T18:54:20Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<br/><br />
<h2>The members of the team come from different schools and universities:</h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Evry university, Master mSSB (Synthetic and systemic biology)</li><br />
<li>Versailles Saint Quentin university</li><br />
<li>Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University (Philosophy)</li><br />
<li>Ecole Normale Supérieure</li><br />
<li>Ecole Centrale Paris (Engineering)</li><br />
<li>Sup'Biotech Paris (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>ESIEE Management (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>Télécom Sud Paris (Telecommunication Engineering & Managment)</li><br />
<li>Epita (Computer Science)</li><br />
<li>La Paillasse (Paris Community Lab for Biotech)</li><br />
</ul><br />
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<center><h1><a name="envi" style="text-decoration:none; color: white;">Our environment: a key location for synthetic biology in France</a></h1></center><br />
<br />
<h2>Environment</h2><br />
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bf/Photo_iSSB.jpeg" alt="logo issb" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
<br />
<h3>The Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology (iSSB):</h3><br />
<p><br />
iSSB is located on the Genopole® in Evry, host team in the summer. The iSSB is a laboratory at the University of Evry and CNRS, supported by Genopole®. It is a multidisciplinary environment where collaborate physicists, chemists, computer scientists and biologists. It is also the laboratory who founded and directs the Master 2 Systems Biology Synthetic and MSSB. This master of avant-garde, unique in France, offers courses provided by researchers at the forefront of their field, which guaranteed training in the state of the art techniques used in synthetic biology.<br/><br/><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Collaborations</h2><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c4/Logo_lapaillasse.png" alt="logo la paillasse" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
<br />
<h3>La Paillasse: The Paris community Lab for Biotech</h3><br />
<p><br />
La Paillasse is a physical and web platform for citizen scientists, amateur biologists, researchers and entrepreneurs that fosters open-science, debates and hands-on practice of Biotechnology. La Paillasse is also the first and largest community laboratory for Biotech in France. This year, La Paillasse and its members are joining the team of Evry to participate in the design and the realization of one of the coolest iGEM project: The french froggies. La Paillasse is also responsible for the development of the Biotic Game project, in association with the Game Design school ISART Digital. During the summer, La Paillasse will organize meet-ups between citizens and the iGEM team for explaining the stakes of our iGEM projects and of Synthetic Biology in general.<br />
<a href="http://www.lapaillasse.org/">Visit our website!</a><br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
<h1>Lab team</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10" ><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/19/Photo_Tristan.jpeg" alt="tristan" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tristan Cerisy</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor at Evry’s University, in Bioinformatics. During that year when Jean-loup Faulon presented iGem and synthetic biology, I found it very interesting. I wanted to participate with iGem from my bachelor. Because no team existed yet close to our university, William and I decided to create this team in November and we looked for interested people, funding and projects. I am very excited to be involved in this project with this wonderful team.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Jorge2.png" alt="jorge" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Jorgelindo Da Veiga Moreira</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m a bachelor graduated student from a Parisian engineering school. I look forward to a Master degree in biotechnology. I discovered synthetic biology mainly through conferences and I’ve been immediately fascinated by this new biological approach to work on living systems. iGEM is a good opportunity for me to start in this field and to acquire experience for my future engineering carrier.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Carolina.jpeg" alt="carolina" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Carolina Gallo Lopez</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Having acquired a background in biology and a first year of master in “Genomics, Cells, Development and Evolution” at the University of Paris Sud 11, I started to be interested in systems biology since my last year of bachelor and decided on getting involved in this approach during both my second year of master and my master’s thesis. I am participating in the iGEM competition as it allows me to combine experimental work with theoretical modelling. I am keen to learn not only different biological techniques and modeling approaches but also to learn from my teammates and other iGEM teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8e/Photo_Tiffany.jpeg" alt="tiffany" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tiffany Souterre</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a BTS in Biotechnology, I went to Sup'Biotech, an engineering school in Biotechnology. For 6 years, I have been studying DNA manipulation, bacteria transformation... but it is only recently that I have heard about Synthetic Biology. It is such a promising and interesting field but requires multidisciplinary skills. I am eager to increase my knowledge to be able to work at the interface of biology and computer science. I discovered iGEM thanks to the 2009 Sup'Biotech team and I have no doubt it will be a great opportunity to learn more, gain experience and hopefully bring a modest contribution to Synthetic Biology.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a4/Photo_Will.jpeg" alt="william" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>William Rostain</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor in Edinburgh university, and came into contact with<br />
synthetic biology when I participated iGem with the 2010 Edinburgh team. My background is mostly molecular microbiology and biotechnology, but during iGEM I came into contact with modelling and how it could serve biology, thanks to the great modellers in our team. I decided to participate in mSSB in order to learn some more about modelling and programming so I could work more closely with computer people later :)<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/63/Photo_Cyrille.jpeg" alt="Cyrille" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Cyrille Pauthenier</h3><br />
<i>Student of the Ecole Normale Supérieure and member of mSSB</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I participated in the 2011 iGEM Paris-Bettencourt team who was a finalist and won the prize for best presentation at the European semi-final, and then sweet sixteen at the MIT. I've studied this year in the mSSB master, I'm now about to start a PhD in metabolic engineering at Jean-Loup Faulon's laboratory at iSSB.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/57/Photo_Karine.jpeg" alt="karine" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Karine Chauris</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m currently in my final year at Sup'Biotech Paris, a school of biotechnology, and my professional aim is to work on bioproduction processes. I’m attracted, since I was young, by all the possibilities of DNA manipulation and discovered synthetic biology with the first synthetic bacteria. Why did I join iGEM? It's a unique chance to participate in a challenging and concrete project.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/eb/Jo2.png" alt="joachim" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Joachim Eeckhout</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm in my fourth year at Sup'Biotech, an engeenering school in biotechnologies. Like many others, I have been amazed by the controversy surrounding the publication of Craig Venter and his synthetic bacterium "Synthia". Since then, I am very interested to acquire expertise in this field and the iGEM competition is a chance for me to be part of this new science.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/Photo_Raphael.jpeg" alt="raphael" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Raphael Ferreira</h3><br />
<i>1st year, AIV</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I've currently finished my license (Bachelor) in biotechnology and I'm about to join the AIV (Interdisciplinary approaches to life science) Masters. I discovered synthetic biology with the Craig Venter's paper (released in may 2010). After that, my school gave me a 5 month research & information processing project on synthetic biology. Through this project I've discovered the iGEM competition and the opportunities surrounding the emergence of this science filed. Enrolling in an iGEM team will give me a sight of how synthetic biology experimentations are, and also, to work with people who are interested in this science too.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/61/Photo_PierreYves.jpeg" alt="pierre-yves" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Yves Nogue</h3><br />
<i>2nd year Biology degree, Versaille Saint-Quentin University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Biologist student in Paris university, I've discovered the synthetic biology when I've joined "La Paillasse", a biohackspace in Paris. In the same time, I've learned about the existence of the Igem competition, and decided to join the Evry team after some meetings. Indeed, iGEM looks for me as a very good opportunity to work on really interesting subjects in an encouraging work atmosphere, and I've found all this advantages in the Evry team!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/70/Photo_Hafez.jpeg" alt="hafez" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Hafez El-Sayyed</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor's degree and my first Master year In Beirut Arab University, Lebanon, In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. I came across the term synthetic Biology on the mSSB Website and then started doing some research about the Synthetic Biology topic. Now I want to be part of this wave of unorthodox and ingenious attempts to help create better things around us. I COULDN'T BE Prouder <br />
to be part of IGEM EVRY 2012.<br/><br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Modeling team</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b6/Photo_Artemi.jpeg" alt="artémis" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Artémis Llamosi</h3><br />
<i>3rd year, Ecole Centrale Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After completing a Master in engineering at École Centrale Paris and a research master in applied mathematics for biology at Paris 6 University, I am to start a PhD thesis on real-time control of biological systems on microfluidics chips. For many years interested in the relation between maths and biology, I discovered synthetic biology in 2011 through its connection to systems biology and immediately got "infected". My expertise being mostly on theoretical aspects, I enrolled in iGEM to get closer to the wetlab and apply my scholar knowledge to real life problems.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Photo_Pierre.jpeg" alt="pierre" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Parutto</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Epita</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am curently in 5th year at the engineering school Epita and<br />
specialized in scientific computations. I am interested in biology<br />
since high school and more especially in the links between biological<br />
systems and my speciality: computer science. After all a cell can be<br />
seen as a kind of computer, as seen in the name "genetic code". I learned about the IGEM comptetition when I discovered the synthetic biology field in an article in Nature a few years ago. Since then I<br />
wanted to participate to the comptetition but never had the<br />
opportunity. I bring to the team my programming and engineering skills and hope to<br />
learn a lot from biologist in the lab.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/22/Photo_Iryna.jpeg" alt="iryna" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Iryna Nikolayeva</h3><br />
<i>2nd year, Telecom Sud Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
In place of my last year of engineering school, Telecom SudParis, I will be doing the mSSB (master in systematic and synthetic biology). I've got useful computer science and maths skills for modeling and making the wiki. I imagine that mixing technologies and life science can lead to exciting inventions and discoveries. The iGEM seemed to me a nice opportunity to get to know the synthetic biology background and interact with students that are interested in it!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/66/M%26m.jpg" alt="mohamed" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Mohamed Machat</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am a civil engineer from Tunisia. My penchant for genetics has started since my first biology lectures in college. However, the first opportunity that I got to go into this field showed up in 2011, when I was admissible to join the ISSB master program. So I left my engineer job and have moved to France. The adventure of iGem looks to me a good step towards my career ambition: invest my mathematics and mechanics background into oncology!!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Human practice</h1><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a5/Photo_Clement.jpeg" alt="clément" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Clément Marquet</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, Philosophy, Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm completing a master of philosophy of science at Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne University. I discovered synthetic biology about two years ago in a popular scientific review and was struck by the ambition of the field and the diversity of disciplines involved in it. I was seduced by the special place that laboratories such as Synberc give to social sciences and started thinking about some epistemological questions that could be raised by Feynman’s word on knowing and making or by the convergence of biology and technology. I saw in the iGEM contest an opportunity to discover scientific work from the inside and to experiment how philosophical reflections could get practical and debated inside a scientific group.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h1>Instructors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Photo_Alfonso.jpeg" alt="alfonso" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Alfonso Jaramillo</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Synth-Bio team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:alfonso.jaramillo@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in theoretical physics, he was converted to synthetic biology for over 10 years. He gained international recognition in this field. He is now the team director of the Bio-Synth iSSB, working on the design, synthesis and characterization of biological regulatory artificial pathways. He is also one of the main teachers of the mSSB (synthetic and systematic biology master). Alfonso Jaramillo will be our main supervisor. He led Valencia iGEM team in 2006, and participated in the supervision of Valencia's and Paris' teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/55/Photo_Thomas.jpeg" alt="thomas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Thomas Landrain</h3><br />
<i>PhD candidate in Jaramillo's Group at iSSB. Co-founder and President of La Paillasse</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:thomas.landrain@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Ex-student of the Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, he is now a PhD student at iSSB in Alfonso Jaramillo's Group where he is developing new technologies, using the properties of RNA molecules, for analyzing and controlling cell fate in bacteria. He is also the co-founder and president of the first community lab for biotechnology in France "La Paillasse", affiliated with the DIYbio world movement. In 2007, he was one of the founder and participants of the first french iGEM team that became finalist of the competition and received the first prize for foundational research.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Andrew.jpeg" alt="andrew" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Andrew Tolonen</h3><br />
<i>Group leader at Genoscope</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:atolonen@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in genetics and genomics of cyanobacteria at MIT and a post-doc in the team of George Church at Harvard, one of the largest synthetic biology laboratories in the world, he is now a researcher at Genoscope in Evry. His work focuses on the manufacture of biofuels by cyanobacteria. Andrew Tolonen attends the our team in the selection and construction of the project. He participated in the supervision of Harvard iGEM teams during his post-PhD.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d8/Photo_Nicolas.jpg" alt="nicolas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Nicolas Pollet</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Metamorphosis team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:nicolas.pollet@issb.genopole.fr">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in developmental physiology at INSERM, he was a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellow at the German Cancer Research Institute in Heidelberg. He is now a CNRS senior scientist, head of the Metamorphosys group at iSSB working in genomics and systems biology using the Xenopus frog model. Nicolas Pollet will participate to IGEM as supervisor for the first time this year.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Advisors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6b/Photo_Anna.jpeg" alt="ania" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Anna Młynarczyk</h3><br />
<i>Doctoral student in proteomics (first year) at the university of Evry</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
She obtained a Master in Biotechnology at the Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin in Poland. During her university studies she has conducted several training courses abroad (UEVE, TEPAK Cyprus) and in Poland which made her want to do research. Anna also performs the tutoring, which allows her to develop teaching skills.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/fa/Aurore.png" alt="aurore" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Aurore THELIE</h3><br />
<i>PostDoc at Dr. Pollet's lab</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a molecular biology training and a PhD in Reproductive Biology at INRA, she was a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine (IBMM) in Belgium where she discovered the Xenopus model and all opportunity of study it offers. In 2012 she joined the Metamorphosys group at iSSB to study motoneurons and construct Xenopus transgenic lines using synthetic biology tools.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/TeamTeam:Evry/Team2012-09-26T18:52:13Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
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<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/7f/Team-down.jpg" alt="team picture" width="950px"/><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f8/Schools.gif" alt="Gif_Evry" width="380" height ="380" style="float: right;"/><br />
<br />
<br/><br />
<h2>The members of the team come from different schools and universities:</h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Evry university, Master mSSB (Synthetic and systemic biology)</li><br />
<li>Versailles Saint Quentin university</li><br />
<li>Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University (Philosophy)</li><br />
<li>Ecole Normale Supérieure</li><br />
<li>Ecole Centrale Paris (Engineering)</li><br />
<li>Sup'Biotech Paris (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>ESIEE Management (Biotechnology)</li><br />
<li>Télécom Sud Paris (Telecommunication Engineering & Managment)</li><br />
<li>Epita (Computer Science)</li><br />
<li>La Paillasse (Paris Community Lab for Biotech)</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br />
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<center><h1><a name="envi" style="text-decoration:none; color: white;">Our environment: a key location for synthetic biology in France</a></h1></center><br />
<br />
<h2>Environment</h2><br />
<br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bf/Photo_iSSB.jpeg" alt="logo issb" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
<br />
<h3>The Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology (iSSB):</h3><br />
<p><br />
iSSB is located on the Genopole® in Evry, host team in the summer. The iSSB is a laboratory at the University of Evry and CNRS, supported by Genopole®. It is a multidisciplinary environment where collaborate physicists, chemists, computer scientists and biologists. It is also the laboratory who founded and directs the Master 2 Systems Biology Synthetic and MSSB. This master of avant-garde, unique in France, offers courses provided by researchers at the forefront of their field, which guaranteed training in the state of the art techniques used in synthetic biology.<br/><br/><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Collaborations</h2><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c4/Logo_lapaillasse.png" alt="logo la paillasse" align="left" height="200px"/><br />
<br />
<h3>La Paillasse: The Paris community Lab for Biotech</h3><br />
<p><br />
La Paillasse is a physical and web platform for citizen scientists, amateur biologists, researchers and entrepreneurs that fosters open-science, debates and hands-on practice of Biotechnology. La Paillasse is also the first and largest community laboratory for Biotech in France. This year, La Paillasse and its members are joining the team of Evry to participate in the design and the realization of one of the coolest iGEM project: The french froggies. La Paillasse is also responsible for the development of the Biotic Game project, in association with the Game Design school ISART Digital. During the summer, La Paillasse will organize meet-ups between citizens and the iGEM team for explaining the stakes of our iGEM projects and of Synthetic Biology in general.<br />
<a href="http://www.lapaillasse.org/">Visit our website!</a><br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<br />
<h1>Lab team</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10" ><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/1/19/Photo_Tristan.jpeg" alt="tristan" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tristan Cerisy</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor at Evry’s University, in Bioinformatics. During that year when Jean-loup Faulon presented iGem and synthetic biology, I found it very interesting. I wanted to participate with iGem from my bachelor. Because no team existed yet close to our university, William and I decided to create this team in November and we looked for interested people, funding and projects. I am very excited to be involved in this project with this wonderful team.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Jorge2.png" alt="jorge" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Jorgelindo Da Veiga Moreira</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m a bachelor graduated student from a Parisian engineering school. I look forward to a Master degree in biotechnology. I discovered synthetic biology mainly through conferences and I’ve been immediately fascinated by this new biological approach to work on living systems. iGEM is a good opportunity for me to start in this field and to acquire experience for my future engineering carrier.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Carolina.jpeg" alt="carolina" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Carolina Gallo Lopez</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Having acquired a background in biology and a first year of master in “Genomics, Cells, Development and Evolution” at the University of Paris Sud 11, I started to be interested in systems biology since my last year of bachelor and decided on getting involved in this approach during both my second year of master and my master’s thesis. I am participating in the iGEM competition as it allows me to combine experimental work with theoretical modelling. I am keen to learn not only different biological techniques and modeling approaches but also to learn from my teammates and other iGEM teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/8/8e/Photo_Tiffany.jpeg" alt="tiffany" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Tiffany Souterre</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a BTS in Biotechnology, I went to Sup'Biotech, an engineering school in Biotechnology. For 6 years, I have been studying DNA manipulation, bacteria transformation... but it is only recently that I have heard about Synthetic Biology. It is such a promising and interesting field but requires multidisciplinary skills. I am eager to increase my knowledge to be able to work at the interface of biology and computer science. I discovered iGEM thanks to the 2009 Sup'Biotech team and I have no doubt it will be a great opportunity to learn more, gain experience and hopefully bring a modest contribution to Synthetic Biology.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a4/Photo_Will.jpeg" alt="william" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>William Rostain</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor in Edinburgh university, and came into contact with<br />
synthetic biology when I participated iGem with the 2010 Edinburgh team. My background is mostly molecular microbiology and biotechnology, but during iGEM I came into contact with modelling and how it could serve biology, thanks to the great modellers in our team. I decided to participate in mSSB in order to learn some more about modelling and programming so I could work more closely with computer people later :)<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/63/Photo_Cyrille.jpeg" alt="Cyrille" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Cyrille Pauthenier</h3><br />
<i>MStudent of the Ecole Normale Supérieure and member of mSSB</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I participated in the 2011 iGEM Paris-Bettencourt team who was a finalist and won the prize for best presentation at the European semi-final, and then sweet sixteen at the MIT. I've studied this year in the mSSB master, I'm now about to start a PhD in metabolic engineering at Jean-Loup Faulon's laboratory at iSSB.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/57/Photo_Karine.jpeg" alt="karine" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Karine Chauris</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I’m currently in my final year at Sup'Biotech Paris, a school of biotechnology, and my professional aim is to work on bioproduction processes. I’m attracted, since I was young, by all the possibilities of DNA manipulation and discovered synthetic biology with the first synthetic bacteria. Why did I join iGEM? It's a unique chance to participate in a challenging and concrete project.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/eb/Jo2.png" alt="joachim" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Joachim Eeckhout</h3><br />
<i>4th year, Sup'Biotech Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm in my fourth year at Sup'Biotech, an engeenering school in biotechnologies. Like many others, I have been amazed by the controversy surrounding the publication of Craig Venter and his synthetic bacterium "Synthia". Since then, I am very interested to acquire expertise in this field and the iGEM competition is a chance for me to be part of this new science.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b0/Photo_Raphael.jpeg" alt="raphael" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Raphael Ferreira</h3><br />
<i>1st year, AIV</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I've currently finished my license (Bachelor) in biotechnology and I'm about to join the AIV (Interdisciplinary approaches to life science) Masters. I discovered synthetic biology with the Craig Venter's paper (released in may 2010). After that, my school gave me a 5 month research & information processing project on synthetic biology. Through this project I've discovered the iGEM competition and the opportunities surrounding the emergence of this science filed. Enrolling in an iGEM team will give me a sight of how synthetic biology experimentations are, and also, to work with people who are interested in this science too.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/61/Photo_PierreYves.jpeg" alt="pierre-yves" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Yves Nogue</h3><br />
<i>2nd year Biology degree, Versaille Saint-Quentin University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Biologist student in Paris university, I've discovered the synthetic biology when I've joined "La Paillasse", a biohackspace in Paris. In the same time, I've learned about the existence of the Igem competition, and decided to join the Evry team after some meetings. Indeed, iGEM looks for me as a very good opportunity to work on really interesting subjects in an encouraging work atmosphere, and I've found all this advantages in the Evry team!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/7/70/Photo_Hafez.jpeg" alt="hafez" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Hafez El-Sayyed</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I did my bachelor's degree and my first Master year In Beirut Arab University, Lebanon, In Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. I came across the term synthetic Biology on the mSSB Website and then started doing some research about the Synthetic Biology topic. Now I want to be part of this wave of unorthodox and ingenious attempts to help create better things around us. I COULDN'T BE Prouder <br />
to be part of IGEM EVRY 2012.<br/><br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Modeling team</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b6/Photo_Artemi.jpeg" alt="artémis" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Artémis Llamosi</h3><br />
<i>3rd year, Ecole Centrale Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After completing a Master in engineering at École Centrale Paris and a research master in applied mathematics for biology at Paris 6 University, I am to start a PhD thesis on real-time control of biological systems on microfluidics chips. For many years interested in the relation between maths and biology, I discovered synthetic biology in 2011 through its connection to systems biology and immediately got "infected". My expertise being mostly on theoretical aspects, I enrolled in iGEM to get closer to the wetlab and apply my scholar knowledge to real life problems.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b9/Photo_Pierre.jpeg" alt="pierre" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Pierre Parutto</h3><br />
<i>5th year, Epita</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am curently in 5th year at the engineering school Epita and<br />
specialized in scientific computations. I am interested in biology<br />
since high school and more especially in the links between biological<br />
systems and my speciality: computer science. After all a cell can be<br />
seen as a kind of computer, as seen in the name "genetic code". I learned about the IGEM comptetition when I discovered the synthetic biology field in an article in Nature a few years ago. Since then I<br />
wanted to participate to the comptetition but never had the<br />
opportunity. I bring to the team my programming and engineering skills and hope to<br />
learn a lot from biologist in the lab.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/22/Photo_Iryna.jpeg" alt="iryna" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Iryna Nikolayeva</h3><br />
<i>2nd year, Telecom Sud Paris</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
In place of my last year of engineering school, Telecom SudParis, I will be doing the mSSB (master in systematic and synthetic biology). I've got useful computer science and maths skills for modeling and making the wiki. I imagine that mixing technologies and life science can lead to exciting inventions and discoveries. The iGEM seemed to me a nice opportunity to get to know the synthetic biology background and interact with students that are interested in it!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/66/M%26m.jpg" alt="mohamed" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Mohamed Machat</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, mSSB, Evry university</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I am a civil engineer from Tunisia. My penchant for genetics has started since my first biology lectures in college. However, the first opportunity that I got to go into this field showed up in 2011, when I was admissible to join the ISSB master program. So I left my engineer job and have moved to France. The adventure of iGem looks to me a good step towards my career ambition: invest my mathematics and mechanics background into oncology!!<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Human practice</h1><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/a5/Photo_Clement.jpeg" alt="clément" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Clément Marquet</h3><br />
<i>Master 2, Philosophy, Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne University</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
I'm completing a master of philosophy of science at Paris 1 Pantheon Sorbonne University. I discovered synthetic biology about two years ago in a popular scientific review and was struck by the ambition of the field and the diversity of disciplines involved in it. I was seduced by the special place that laboratories such as Synberc give to social sciences and started thinking about some epistemological questions that could be raised by Feynman’s word on knowing and making or by the convergence of biology and technology. I saw in the iGEM contest an opportunity to discover scientific work from the inside and to experiment how philosophical reflections could get practical and debated inside a scientific group.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h1>Instructors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/68/Photo_Alfonso.jpeg" alt="alfonso" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Alfonso Jaramillo</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Synth-Bio team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:alfonso.jaramillo@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in theoretical physics, he was converted to synthetic biology for over 10 years. He gained international recognition in this field. He is now the team director of the Bio-Synth iSSB, working on the design, synthesis and characterization of biological regulatory artificial pathways. He is also one of the main teachers of the mSSB (synthetic and systematic biology master). Alfonso Jaramillo will be our main supervisor. He led Valencia iGEM team in 2006, and participated in the supervision of Valencia's and Paris' teams.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/55/Photo_Thomas.jpeg" alt="thomas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Thomas Landrain</h3><br />
<i>PhD candidate in Jaramillo's Group at iSSB. Co-founder and President of La Paillasse</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:thomas.landrain@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
Ex-student of the Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, he is now a PhD student at iSSB in Alfonso Jaramillo's Group where he is developing new technologies, using the properties of RNA molecules, for analyzing and controlling cell fate in bacteria. He is also the co-founder and president of the first community lab for biotechnology in France "La Paillasse", affiliated with the DIYbio world movement. In 2007, he was one of the founder and participants of the first french iGEM team that became finalist of the competition and received the first prize for foundational research.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d4/Photo_Andrew.jpeg" alt="andrew" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Andrew Tolonen</h3><br />
<i>Group leader at Genoscope</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:atolonen@gmail.com">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in genetics and genomics of cyanobacteria at MIT and a post-doc in the team of George Church at Harvard, one of the largest synthetic biology laboratories in the world, he is now a researcher at Genoscope in Evry. His work focuses on the manufacture of biofuels by cyanobacteria. Andrew Tolonen attends the our team in the selection and construction of the project. He participated in the supervision of Harvard iGEM teams during his post-PhD.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/d/d8/Photo_Nicolas.jpg" alt="nicolas" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Nicolas Pollet</h3><br />
<i>Group leader of the Metamorphosis team at iSSB</i><br/><br />
<a href="mailto:nicolas.pollet@issb.genopole.fr">Contact</a><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a PhD in developmental physiology at INSERM, he was a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellow at the German Cancer Research Institute in Heidelberg. He is now a CNRS senior scientist, head of the Metamorphosys group at iSSB working in genomics and systems biology using the Xenopus frog model. Nicolas Pollet will participate to IGEM as supervisor for the first time this year.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<h1>Advisors</h1><br />
<br />
<table id="team" cellspacing="10"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6b/Photo_Anna.jpeg" alt="ania" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Anna Młynarczyk</h3><br />
<i>Doctoral student in proteomics (first year) at the university of Evry</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
She obtained a Master in Biotechnology at the Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin in Poland. During her university studies she has conducted several training courses abroad (UEVE, TEPAK Cyprus) and in Poland which made her want to do research. Anna also performs the tutoring, which allows her to develop teaching skills.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/fa/Aurore.png" alt="aurore" align="left" height="150px"/><br />
<h3>Dr. Aurore THELIE</h3><br />
<i>PostDoc at Dr. Pollet's lab</i><br/><br/><br />
<p><br />
After a molecular biology training and a PhD in Reproductive Biology at INRA, she was a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine (IBMM) in Belgium where she discovered the Xenopus model and all opportunity of study it offers. In 2012 she joined the Metamorphosys group at iSSB to study motoneurons and construct Xenopus transgenic lines using synthetic biology tools.<br />
</p><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T18:17:14Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: <b>An orthogonal hormonal system</b></h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is degraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/5b/Degron.jpg" width="800px" alt="degron syst" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we chose to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orter to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/XenopusTeam:Evry/Xenopus2012-09-26T18:05:26Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h1><i>Xenopus</i> identity card</h1><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/a/ac/Identityxeno.jpg" width="800px" alt="IDDcard" /><br />
</center><br />
</br><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:Identityxeno.jpgFile:Identityxeno.jpg2012-09-26T18:04:55Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/ModelingTeam:Evry/Modeling2012-09-26T16:45:05Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Modeling a tadpole: a multi-level approach</h1></center><br />
<br><br />
<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/62/MathFrog.png" width=200px></center><br />
<br />
<h2>Modeling a system on a complete organism</h2><br />
<br><br />
<p>This year, our team decided to tackle a challenging project: creating <i>de novo</i> a new hormonal system in a vertebrate organism. In the modeling part of our work, we were interested in modeling the entire genetic and transport system in the host organism in order to understand the system better as well as to give indications to guide the development of the system in the wet part of our work.</p><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<p>Modeling a system at the organism level is not an easy task at all. Various approaches and hypothesis have to be used depending on the scale you want to look at and the question you ask. In our work, we used a large combination of classical synthetic biology modeling techniques to look at the system from the organism to the molecular level, using analytical and modeling techniques involving biochemical models, diffusion and transport models using simultaneously and in conjunction Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), Partial Differential equations (PDEs) and Agent Based simulations (AB).<br />
<br><br />
<h2>Preparing the work of the future generations on iGEMers working on complex organism</h2><br />
<br><br />
<p>When writing down our work, we have made an especial effort for our models and hypothesis to be very understandable, in order to help the work of the future generation of iGEMers working on tadpoles, and on multicellular organisms in general. You can access general informations on the models by clicking on the ODE, PDE and AB simulations on the image below, and all the instructions are provided for you to run our simulations either on your own computer or directly in your web browser (!) using the full power of the Java Applets created using the Netlogo program.</p><br />
<p>We hope our work will be useful for other to learn, enjoy and create new models for their projects in the future!</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Parameters estimation</h2><br />
<br />
<p>A great part of our modeling work has been to find or estimate the values of the parameters used in the model. For a better readability, we created a special pages regrouping them all.<br />
<a class="moredetails" target="_blank" href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/parameters">More details here...</a></p><br />
<br />
<h2>Overall map of models</h2><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<p>This schematic represents the different parts of the models we have created, as well as general information on the modeling methods used in these models. </p><br />
<h4>Clicks on the different elements of this image to access the different models:</h4><br />
<br />
<br ><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<center><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/wz_jsgraphics.js?action=raw"></script><br />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/mapper.js?action=raw"></script> <br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/6/6f/Schematic_modelingV3.png" width="945" height="829" border="0" class="mapper" usemap="#map" align="center" /><br />
<br />
<map name="map"><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="240,120,665,210" href="ODE_model" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="240,225,665,315" href="auxin_pde" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="240,330,665,450" href="Auxin_diffusion" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="240,495,665,600" href="auxin_production" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="240,615,665,690" href="auxin_degradation" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="240,705,665,795" href="plasmid_splitting" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="710,144,805,189" href="parameters" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="710,365,805,410" href="parameters" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="710,525,805,570" href="parameters" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="710,630,805,675" href="parameters" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="710,735,805,780" href="parameters" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="810,430,955,480" href="model_integration" /><br />
<area shape="rect" class="noborder icolor474747" coords="11,720,131,795" nohref="no_ref" /><br />
</map><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i> An introduction to agent-based modeling: Modeling natural, social and engineered complex systems with NetLogo</i>, Wilensky, U., & Rand, W. (in press), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press</li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T16:31:35Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: <b>An orthogonal hormonal system</b></h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is gedraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/5b/Degron.jpg" width="800px" alt="degron syst" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we chose to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orter to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T16:30:49Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is gedraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/5b/Degron.jpg" width="800px" alt="degron syst" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we chose to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orter to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/CollaborationsTeam:Evry/Collaborations2012-09-26T16:01:29Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
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<br />
<h1>Collaborations</h1><br />
<h2>CINVESTAV-IPN-UNAM_MX (Mexico)</h2><br />
<p>We collaborate with CINVESTAV-IPN-UNAM_MX, an iGEM team from Mexico.</p><br />
<p>Our collaboration consisted to a participation of their human practise. As a part of their project, they made a compilation of advices, experiences and other useful informations for future iGEM teams.</p><br />
<h3>Advices concerned:</h3><br />
<ul><br />
<li> The way of establishment new projects and ideas<br />
<li> The manner of the design and planification of a project<br />
<li> Team work<br />
<li> The importance in Human practises in iGEM competition<br />
<li> The importance of mathmatical modeling in iGEM competition<br />
</ul><br />
<br />
<br />
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<hr />
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<html><br />
<br />
<h1>Collaborations</h1><br />
<br />
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<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h1><i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> : development stages</h1><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/e/ea/Stagefinalcompress.jpg" width="800px" alt="Stages" /><br />
</center><br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bb/Legend.jpg" width="500px" alt="Leg" /><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<p>To obtain more informations, you can consult <a href="http://xenbase.org/anatomy/alldev.do">Xenbase</a>.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li>http://www.xenbase.org/xenwiki/index.php/Xenopus_development_stages</li><br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
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<hr />
<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:22:27Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is gedraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/5/5b/Degron.jpg" width="800px" alt="degron syst" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orter to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:Degron.jpgFile:Degron.jpg2012-09-26T15:21:50Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:19:57Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is gedraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orter to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:18:49Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>This system is based on the E3 ubiquitinase SCF-TIR1, that is capable, in the presence of auxin to recognized a GFP tagged with the AID degron. When auxin is present in the cytosol, TIR1 binds to the degron and recruits the E2 ubiquitinase that adds the ubiquitine tag. Then, the GFP is gedraded by the proteasome, giving a decrease in the fluorescence of the tissue.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:17:06Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li>https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:16:43Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system works, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<li><i>1.</i> https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:15:24Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>One key requirement for the creation of a synthetic hormonal system was to find a cytosolic hormone receptor. We came across a very ingenious system developped my Masato Kanemaki laboratory coming from rice and that has been reported to work and patented in mammalian cells but not in tadpoles.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1.</i> https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:12:02Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor.</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1.</i> https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:05:06Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>Auxin is a molecule of choice for working on tadpole. It is amphiphilic and hydrophobic so we assume it can cross the biological membrane easily but its toxicity is reported to be very weak. It can be synthetized in a two step pathway from a tryprophane precursor and a cytosolic receptor for this hormone from the rice has been shown to work in mammalian cells successfully</p><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1.</i> https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T15:01:39Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1.</i> https://2011.igem.org/Team:Imperial_College_London/Tour</li><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:56:12Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Example: Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:55:37Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Skin-Kidney communication</h3><br />
<p>The choice of tissues has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/2/2d/General_hormonal_schematic.png" width="600px" alt="Skin-Kidney" /><br />
</center><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Conclusion</h2><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:50:00Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2></a><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Skin-Kidney communicatio</h3><br />
<p>We had to choose 2 organs we would like to make communicate. The choice of these organs has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney. We are going to described the reason of these choices now.</p><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>Conclusion</h3><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:49:35Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</a></h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2></a><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Skin-Kidney communicatio</h3><br />
<p>We had to choose 2 organs we would like to make communicate. The choice of these organs has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney. We are going to described the reason of these choices now.</p><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>Conclusion</h3><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:41:51Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</a></h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Skin-Kidney communicatio</h3><br />
<p>We had to choose 2 organs we would like to make communicate. The choice of these organs has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney. We are going to described the reason of these choices now.</p><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>Conclusion</h3><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:40:50Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<a name="auxin" /><h2>Auxin production devices</h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<a name="AID" /><h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Skin-Kidney communicatio</h3><br />
<p>We had to choose 2 organs we would like to make communicate. The choice of these organs has been set on the specific properties of the tissues in term of function and blod irrigation as well as on the existance of reported functionnig tissue specific promotors. As an emitter, we choosed to use the skin, and as a receiver, the kidney. We are going to described the reason of these choices now.</p><br />
<p>In orted to trigger the emission of the hormone in our synthetic hormonal system we wanted to dissolve a chemical in the water of the tadpole that would activate an indicible promoter. The most exposed tissue to the chemical environment is undoubtely the epithelium, because of the important surface exposed to the water. On the top of it, this tissue is highly vascularized, which is important in order to acheive a high concentration of auxin in the blood. An important library of promoter has also been identified for this tissue.</p><br />
<p>The problem of introducing a non native hormon into the blood is that the kidney is likely to eliminate it from the blood. The kidney works as an inverted filter, in the sense that it takes out every molecule from the blood and reintroduce only the one it knows, and our hormon does not nessarily belongs to these molecule. Therefore, we can anticipate that the course of your molecule will ends up there and it will be the place where it is the most concentrated. This organ seems to be the best place for expressing our receiver system. There are also good promoters coming from the different ion channels that are know to work there.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>Conclusion</h3><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- PAGE FOOTER -- ITEMS FROM COLUMN ! HAVE BEEN MOVED HERE -- RDR --><br />
<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/DataTeam:Evry/Data2012-09-26T14:19:07Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h1>Data page: Summary of our summer work</h1><br />
<br />
<br /><br />
<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/cd/Frog_tube.png"></center><br />
<br /><br />
<br />
<h2>New frog plasmids</h2><br />
<br />
<div class="center"><div class="thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/File:PSC2_plasmid.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/90/PSC2_plasmid.png" width="300" class="thumbimage" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:PSC2_plasmid.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="/wiki/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="" /></a></div>Fig 1: Eucaryotic expression plasmid having both transcriptional and translational reagulational elements.</div></div></div></div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812000">K812000:</a> PCS2+ plasmid backbone for eukaryotic expression system containing regulational elements crucial for the efficacy of such system<br />
</ul><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>The auxin system</h2><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>The auxin emission system</h3><br />
<br />
<div class="center"><div class="thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:502px;"><a href="/DEGRON_PART_1_.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/DEGRON_PART_1_.jpg" width="500" class="thumbimage" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/DEGRON_PART_1_.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="/wiki/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="" /></a></div>Fig 3: Schematic representation of the Auxin two-step production cassette.</div></div></div></div><br />
<br />
<p> <ul><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812020">K812020:</a>IAAH enzyme that catalyzes the second and last step towards auxin production<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812021">K812021:</a>IAAM enzyme that catalyses the transformation of Tryptophan to Inodle-3-acetamide<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">K812014:</a>Auxin production cassette containg both enzymes above which is monocystronic<br />
</ul><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h3>The auxin receiver system</h3><br />
<br />
<div class="center"><div class="thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:502px;"><a href="/File:Degron_part2.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/c/c4/Degron_part2.jpg" width="500" class="thumbimage" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:Degron_part2.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="/wiki/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="" /></a></div>Fig 2: schemetic representation of the Auxin-receiver system</div></div></div></div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">K812010:</a>GFP fusion with the ubuquitinase E3 OsTirI recoginition domain which a main part of the degron system<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">K812012:</a>OsTirI Ubiquitinase E3 for AID tagged protein degradation in the presence of auxin<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">K812013:</a></p>The Auxin reciever system golden gate-assembled containing GFP-AID OsTirI polysistronic system for auxin detection in tadpole<br />
</ul><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Reporters and promotors</h2><br />
<br />
<h3>Summary</h3><br />
<p>In our Project we planned to screen a series of different reporters along with different tissue specific promotors. This was done to validate cross-talk between the emitter-receiver system and and screen various reporters to elucidate the efficiency of different reporters in Tadpole manipulation.</p><br />
<br />
<p> <ul><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812030">K812030:</a>Citrine reporter with a Kozak sequence for eukaryotic expression<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812031">K812031:</a>sfGFP with kozak sequence for eukaryotic expression<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812032">K812032:</a>mCFP with kozak sequence for eukaryotic expression<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812200">K812200:</a>Biobricked pSC2+ plasmid with Elastase promoter for frogs and chicken<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812300">K812300:</a>Biobricked pSC2+ plasmid with HSP70 promoter for frogs and chicken<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812233">K812233:</a>sfGFP in pCS2+ downstream to elastase promoter<br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812331">K812331:</a>sfGFP in pCS2+ downstream to HSP70 promoter<br />
</ul><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<h3>Characterization</h3> <br />
</br><br />
The information on characterized part can be found here: <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">FrenchFrog</a> <br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>Goldenbricks</h2><br />
<br />
<h3>Summary</h3><br />
<br />
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px;"><a href="/File:GOldenbrick_global_thumb.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="/wiki/images/thumb/f/f3/GOldenbrick_global_thumb.png/300px-GOldenbrick_global_thumb.png" width="300" class="thumbimage" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:GOldenbrick_global_thumb.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="/wiki/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="" /></a></div>Fig 4: Summary of the GoldenBrick procedure</div></div></div><br />
<br />
<br />
<p>The GoldenBrick is a new assembly method for the partsregistry. If you want to know more, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/GB">see this page.</a></p><br />
<br />
<h3>Our favourites parts</h3><br />
<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812050">K812050:</a> A GoldenBricked version of pSB1C3 with J04450 as negative cloning control</li><br />
<li><a href=="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812051">K812051:</a> A GoldenBricked version of pSB1K3 with J04450 as negative cloning control</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br />
<h3>The other parts we have created</h3><br />
<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812050">K812050:</a> A GoldenBricked version of pSB1C3 with J04450 as negative cloning control</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812051">K812051:</a> A GoldenBricked version of pSB1K3 with J04450 as negative cloning control</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812053">K812053:</a> A GoldenBricked version of the strong RBS B0034</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812054">K812054:</a> A GoldenBricked version of the RFP E1010</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812055">K812055:</a> A GoldenBricked version of the terminator B0015</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812056">K812056:</a> A GoldenBricked version of the pLac R0010 promoter</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812057">K812057:</a> A GoldenBricked of an sfGFP protein</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812058">K812058:</a> A GoldenBricked of medium strenght RBS J61107</li><br />
<li><a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812058">K812059:</a> A GoldenBricked of week RBS J61117</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br />
<p>say we are testing them</p></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T14:15:34Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin production devices</h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Conclusion</h3><br />
<p>The implementation of a tissue communication underlines the interest for the use of eucaryotes such as <i>Xenopus</i> in synthetic biology. This tool could be used with any protein fused with AID signal, allowing to test it in a multitissular system.</p><br />
<p>Our orthogonal hormonal system was tested in pCS2+ plasmid. We have imagined to insert I-Sce sites in this plasmid to ensure its integration in the chromosome. So far, creating a durable tissue communication system.</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T13:58:53Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin production devices</h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/expression.do?method=displayGenePageExpression&geneId=919630&tabId=1">Skp1</a>, <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?geneId=945765&method=displayGeneSummary">Cul1</a> and <a href="http://www.xenbase.org/gene/showgene.do?method=display&geneId=5779766">Rbx1</a> genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
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<script type="text/javascript">writeFooter()</script><br />
</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T13:57:13Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin production devices</h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<p>To ensure this system, we checked that <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> possesses the Skp1, Cul1 and Rbx1 genes.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T13:55:05Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin production devices</h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<p>Auxin binds osTir1 and promotes the interraction of E3 ubiquitin which recruits E2. This mechanism allows the polyubiquitination and the adressage of the protein to the proteasome.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AIDSystemTeam:Evry/AIDSystem2012-09-26T13:48:27Z<p>Chr.karine: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:Evry/template_v1}}<br />
<html><br />
<center><h1>Intertissue communication: An orthogonal hormonal system</h1></center><br />
<h4><p>We adapted the auxin production device from the iGEM team Imperial college 2011 to eukaryotes and combined it with an auxin detection module. This way, we created the first synthetic hormonal system for inter-tissues communication.</p></h4><br />
<p>To test this system, we <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/InjectionTuto">co-injected</a> plasmids expressing our production and reception devices in embryos, <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/FrenchFrog">a new chassis</a> we wanted to implement for synthetic biology. We performed auxin <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/AuxinTOX">toxicity</a> and <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/auxin_uptake">uptake</a> tests at the begining of our project to ensure the feasability.</p><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin production devices</h2><br />
<p>We designed three auxin production devices in embryos. The devices 1 and 2 were designed to be expressed in embryos, while device 3 was designed to be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>. In this last case, the aim is that <a href="https://2012.igem.org/Team:Evry/BXcom">the tadpoles eat bacteria</a> expressing device 3.</p><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/9/97/Prodrecep.jpg" width="600px" alt="3 devices for production" /><br />
</center><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812121">BBa_K812021</a>, coding for IaaM, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812120">BBa_K812120</a>, coding for IaaH for auxin generator for the use in embryos.<br />
<br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812014">BBa_K812014</a>. It is meant for the co-expression of IaaH and IaaM genes in the same cells in embryos. <br />
<li> <b>Auxin production device 3 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K515100">BBa_K515100</a>, coding for IaaM and IaaH for auxin generator in <i>E.coli</i>.<br />
</ul><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/bd/ProductiondeviceCompress.jpg" width="900px" alt="Production devices" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h3>Pathway</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/4/4b/Pathway2.jpg" width="600px" alt="Auxin pathway" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<h2>Auxin reception devices</h2><br />
<p>Our reception system is based on the auxin-degron system established by K. Nishimura and all. (2009). This system allows a rapid depletion of protein in nonplant cells.</p><br />
<p>We designed two auxin production devices in embryos. To visualize the communication between different tissues or between <i>E. coli</i> and a tissue of the embryo, we chose to work with GFP. Our orthogonal hormonal system <b>works with any proteins fused to AID signal</b> with any transcription factors.</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 1 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812010">BBa_K812010</a> coding for GFP-AID, and <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812012">BBa_K812012</a> coding for OsTir1.<br />
<li> <b>Auxin reception device 2 :</b> this device is composed of <a href="http://partsregistry.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K812013">BBa_K812013</a> coding for GFP-AID and OsTir1 in the same cell.<br />
</ul></br><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/f/f2/ReceptionCompress.jpg" width="930px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
<br />
<h3>Auxin degron system</h3><br />
<center><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2012/b/b4/AuxineDegron.jpg" width="800px" alt="devices for reception" /><br />
</center><br />
<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<div id="citation_box"><br />
<p id="references">References:</p><br />
<ol><br />
<li><i>1. Nishimura, K., Fukagawa, T., Takisawa, H., Kakimoto, T. & Kanemaki, M. An auxin-based degron system for the rapid depletion of proteins in nonplant cells. Nature methods 6, 917-22 (2009).</li><br />
<br />
<br />
</ol><br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<br />
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</html></div>Chr.karinehttp://2012.igem.org/File:AuxineDegron.jpgFile:AuxineDegron.jpg2012-09-26T13:47:42Z<p>Chr.karine: uploaded a new version of &quot;File:AuxineDegron.jpg&quot;</p>
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<div></div>Chr.karine